Transcript Industrial Revolution - Willow Springs School District

Industrial Revolution
World Studies
Chapter 25
What is the Industrial
Revolution?
 Increased
output of goods made by ? .
 Machines
 Began
in ? .
 England/Britain
 When?
 18th
Century
 Which
Industry?
 Textiles
Roots of Industrial Revolution
 Agricultural
Revolution
 Development
of large farms
 New farming methods

Enclosures



Seed Drill


Surrounded by _____________________________.
Small farmers became tenant farmers or moved.
Jethro Tull
Crop Rotation
Effects of Agricultural Rev.
 More
Food
 Improved living conditions
 Increased population
 Increased demand for food & goods.
 People became factory workers.
Why Britain?
 Extensive
 Water
Natural Resources
power
 Coal
 Iron
Ore
 Rivers
 Harbors
 Expanding
 Had
FOP’s
Economy
Inventions Speed Up
Production
 Flying
Shuttle-John Kay
 Weaving
machine
Inventions Speed Up
Production
 Spinning
 Spins
Jenny-James Hargraves
cotton into thread.
Inventions Speed Up
Production
 Water
Frame-Richard Arkwright
 Spinning
Machine operated by water.
Inventions Speed Up
Production

Spinning Mule-Samuel
Crompton
 Edmund Cartwright-Power
Loom
 Creates demand for
cotton.


Cotton Gin-Eli Whitney
Increased cotton production
by 83 million pounds/year in
20 years.
Improvements in
Transportation
 Improved
Steam Engine-James Watt
 Steam Boat-Robert Fulton
 Road Drainage-John McAdam
 Steam Locomotive-Richard Trevithick
Growth of Cities
 Urbanization
 Movement
of people to cities
 Many cities doubled or tripled in size.
 London—over 1 million
Living Conditions
 No
sanitary codes
 Little police protection
 Many families in one apartment.
 Cholera
Working Conditions
 14
hrs./day
 6 days/week
 Had to keep up with machines
 Poorly lit factories
 Hard to breathe
 Sleeping on the job
Class Tensions
 Factory
workers became rich.
 Middle Class formed
 Many workers remained poor.
Positive Effects
 Created
Jobs
 Wealth for the nation
 Raised standard of living
 Hope for improved lives
 Better housing & diets
 Cheaper clothing
 More education
Long-term effects
 Affordable
goods
 Improved working conditions
 Environmental problems
Child Labor
 As
young as 6 yrs. old
 6 days/week
 14 hrs/day
 1½ hrs for break
 Beaten for not working properly
 Repaired, cleaned and replaced
machine parts
Industrialization in the U.S.
 Samuel
Slater
 Moved
from Britain
 Built spinning machine from memory.
 Moses Brown built factory using Slater’s
design
 Francis
Cabot Lowell
 Mechanized
every step of making cloth
 All under one roof.
Late 1800’s Expansion
 After
________________.
 Wealth of Natural Resources
 Burst of inventions.
 Railroads
 Development of Corporations
Development in Cont. Europe
 1st
Country to industrialize__________.
 Germany booms
 Stole
designs and engineers from Britain
 Abundance of coal & start of RR’s
 Became a industrial & military power by
1900.
Worldwide Impact
 Rise
of Global Inequality
 Transformation of Society
Philosophy of
Industrutrializaiton
 Adam
Smith
 Laissez-faire
 “let
do”
 Thomas
Malthus & David Ricardo
 Capitalism
 What
is the goal?_________________.
Utilitarianism
 Government
should promote the
greatest good for the greatest number
of people
 Things should be judged on their
usefulness
Utopia
 Perfect
place
 Communities formed that gave workers
more freedom.
Socialism
 FOP’s
owned by the gov.
 Karl Marx
 Communist
Manifesto
 Conflict between proletariat and
bourgeoisie.
 Proletariat would eventually win
 Capitalism would be replaced by
communism.
Unions
 Organizations
of ________________.
 Collective Bargaining
 Strikes
Reforms
 Factory
Act of 1833 (Brit)
 Mines Act of 1842 (Brit)
 Ten Hours Act of 1847 (Brit)
 National Child Labor Committee (US)
 Other reforms
 Abolishment
of slavery
 Women’s Reform Movements
 Greater Education