Transcript Folie 1

TRANS-CSP
NREA
Study Project
TRANS-CSP
Trans-Mediterranean Interconnection
for Concentrating Solar Power (WP05 Environmental Impacts)
Project for the Research & Development Programme of the German
Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear
Safety (BMU)
TRANS-CSP
WP05 Environmental Impacts
Scope:
Quantify the environmental impacts resulting from
TRANS-CSP scenario and from the infrastructure
necessary for solar electricity imports with respect
to emissions, land use and local impacts.
Result:
The TRANS-CSP scenario reduces the negative
environmental impacts of power generation to a
compatible level. Import solar electricity contributes
significantly to environmental compatibility.
TRANS-CSP
3 Sampled Sites for Solar Electricity Supply from MENA
(selected for maximum irradiance, but other criteria possible)
Direct Normal Irradiance for CSP in kWh/m²/a. Excluded Sites are White.
The primary solar energy resource equals 1 – 2 barrel/m²/y of heating oil
TRANS-CSP
3 Exemplary Centres of Demand in Europe
UCTE Grid
Light Emissions at Night (NASA)
Population Density in Persons/km² (Landscan)
TRANS-CSP
3 Analysed Samples for EU-MENA HVDC Interconnection
3 x 5 GW x 7000 h/y = 105 TWh/y
TRANS-CSP
Acceptable Impacts of the HVDC Lines on Landscape
TRANS-CSP
90%
80%
70%
60%
Line 1
50%
Line 2
Line 3
40%
30%
20%
10%
CEE Cumulated Energy Expenditure
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0%
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Impact of Solar Electricity Import
compared to Reference Mix 2030
Life Cycle Assessment of Materials and Emissions
of Solar Import Electricity
TRANS-CSP
TRANS-CSP: CO2 Emissions in Europe
RUE Rational Use of Energy RES Renewable Energy Systems CCS Carbon Capture & Sequestration
Avoided CO2 is calculated with respect to a mix as in the year 2000 including nuclear power
TRANS-CSP
Area for Renewables = 1.1 % = Area used for Roads
Status 2050
Austria
Cyprus
Denmark
Finland
France
Czech Republic
Belgium
Ireland
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Poland
Bulgaria
Slowac Republic
Slowenia
Germany
Hungary
Greece
Italy
Malta
Portugal
Spain
Turkey
Macedonia
Croatia
Romania
Serbia & Montenegro
Bosnia-Herzegowina
Iceland
Norway
Total km²
Electricity TWh/y
Relative km²/(TWh/y)
Hydro
km²
503
30
2
1289
3597
133
27
63
45
6
4329
381
390
389
263
285
236
1300
228
322
2318
0
790
1958
3058
104
348
898
750
482
148
1510
26179
753
34,8
Geo
km²
6
0
0
0
22
0
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
3
1
5
1
45
26
9
30
0
9
36
150
0
1
1
4
0
47
0
401
200
2,0
CSP
km²
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21
30
2
48
180
390
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
671
112
6,0
Bio
km²
16
1
1
40
60
5
3
1
0
3
36
3
8
26
18
2
1
56
6
12
40
1
16
76
62
2
16
1
16
16
0
6
550
483
2,1
Wind
km²
73
56
591
293
12088
203
485
690
1
238
1542
0
2096
2475
148
31
13
795
101
606
3044
2
232
3102
2501
6
144
263
17
6
6
199
32044
784
40,9
PV
km²
20
1
9
12
164
8
15
8
5
30
26
26
55
22
14
14
7
164
14
27
123
0
27
137
109
4
5
14
7
4
2
7
1077
154
7,0
Total Country Area Used
km²
km²
%
619
83860
0,7%
87
9251
0,9%
602
43093
1,4%
1633
338145
0,5%
15931
544000
2,9%
348
78864
0,4%
530
30518
1,7%
761
70284
1,1%
51
2586
2,0%
279
41864
0,7%
5935
449964
1,3%
411
41290
1,0%
2549
244000
1,0%
2914
312684
0,9%
444
110994
0,4%
337
49036
0,7%
257
20252
1,3%
2360
357022
0,7%
375
93032
0,4%
997
131957
0,8%
5585
301300
1,9%
5
316
1,6%
1121
92289
1,2%
5488
504982
1,1%
6270
779452
0,8%
116
25713
0,5%
515
56600
0,9%
1176
238391
0,5%
794
94000
0,8%
508
51129
1,0%
203
103000
0,2%
1722
323878
0,5%
60923 5623746
1,1%
2486 (The European Transport System
24,5 occupies 1.2 % of the Land Area)