Transcript Motivatia 2012

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Consultatii: vineri 10-12, Str. Republicii 37
TEMATICA CURSURI – Sem II
Motivatia
 Emotiile
 Personalitatea
 Inteligenta
 Stresul
 Sanatate emotionala si psihopatologie
 Influenta sociala
 Cognitia sociala

EXAMEN:
 7 puncte examen scris
 3 puncte proiect
PROIECT DE SEMESTRU
Propuneti un proiect de cercetare care sa investigheze
impactul emotiei asupra cognitiei sau
comportamentului.
1. Introducere
2. Obiective si ipoteze
3. Design
4. Metoda
- Participanti
- Masuratori
- Procedura
- Analiza datelor
5. Rezultate asteptate
6. Bibliografie
Bibliografie obligatorie
Smith, E. E., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Fredrickson, B.
L., & Loftus, G. R. (2005): Atkinson & Hilgard.
Introducere in psihologie (Ed. V). Bucuresti:
Editura Tehnica.
Lilienfeld, S. O., Lynn, S. J., Namy, L. L., & Woolf,
N. J. (2011). Psychology. From inquiry to
understanding. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
MOTIVATIA
De ce facem ceea ce facem?
MOTIVATIA
Factori care:

Energizeaza comportamentul

Directioneaza comportamentul
A. TEORIILE PULSIONALE
“Drive” = pulsiune, impuls
Sigmund Freud
A. ABORDARILE PULSIONALE
Clark Hull (1884-1953):
Drive Reduction Theory (1943)
 Deprivare
 Nevoie
 Pulsiune
 Comportament
 Scopuri
! HOMEOSTAZA
Clark Hull
sEr = (sHr x D x K x V) - (sIr + Ir) +/- sOr
sEr = reaction potential
sHr = habit strength (numarul de intariri)
D = drive strength (perioada de deprivare)
K = valoarea de recompensa a stimulului
V= masura a legaturii
sIr = inhibitory strength (nr. non-intariri)
Ir = reactive inhibition (efort)
sOr = random error
Pulsiunile si nivelul de activare
Legea Yerkes-Dodson (1908)
B. TEORIILE STIMULENTELOR
ANTECEDENT - COMPORTAMENT - CONSECINTE
Consecinte:
1. Reduc rata comportamentului – pedepse
2. Cresc rata comportamentului – intariri
- Intariri pozitive vs. intariri negative
- Intariri naturale vs. intariri artificiale
MOTIVATIA INTRINSECA VS.
EXTRINSECA
SELF-DETERMINATION THEORY
(Deci & Ryan)
 Motivatia
-
autonoma (autonomous)
sanatate emotionala
performanta in sarcini complexe
persistenta crescuta in sarcina
 Motivatia
controlata (controlled)
SELF-DETERMINATION THEORY
(Deci et al.)
3. Diferente interindividuale
 Orientare
cauzala:
1. Autonoma (toate cele 3 nevoi)
2. Controlata (autonomia problema)
3. Impersonala (toate cele 3 problema)
 Aspiratii
si scopuri de viata
1. Aspiratii intrinseci (ex. afiliere,
dezvoltare personala etc.)
2. Aspiratii extrinseci (ex. statut, bani
etc.)
Autonomie si mindfulness
The awareness that emerges through paying
attention on purpose, in the present moment and
nonjudgementally to the unfolding of experience
moment to moment” (Kabat-Zinn, 2003)
“Self regulation of attention so that it is
maintained on immediate experience, therefore
allowing for increased recognition of mental
events in the present moment… adopting a
particular orientation toward one’s experience
that is characterized by curiosity, openness and
acceptance ” (Bishop et al., 2004)
Autonomie si mindfulness
Strategie de control atentional +
 Acceptare
 Atitudie
non-evaluativa (nonjudgemental)
 Compasiune
Stimuli
Invatare
MS
Nevoi
Dorinte constiente
Atractie comportamentala
Placere constienta
Pulsiuni
MOTIVATIA STIMULATIVA
 Dorinta
versus Placere
Dorinta = anticipatorie
Placerea = prezenta
– sistemul dopaminergic
– endorfinele
A. MASLOW – PIRAMIDA TREBUINTELOR