The Enlightenment Spreads
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Transcript The Enlightenment Spreads
The Enlightenment
Spreads
Chapter 6 Section 3
Mr. Porter
Neoclassical Style
Pulteney Bridge
Changes in architecture and paintings.
Baroque- which uses classical Greek
and Roman structure of influence.
As these changes occurred with this
new artistic style it became known as
neoclassical (“new classical”).
Paris in 1700’s
Cultural and Intellectual
capital of Europe.
The brightest minds
would come to Paris.
Wealthy women of Paris
would hold social
gatherings in salons
were these intellects in
art, science, writers and
philosophers would
discuss their ideas.
Salon
Salons Continued
Marie-Therese Geoffrin leading hostesses of this
period.
She help finance Denis Diderot project of a group of
books in which leading scholars of Europe would post
articles and essays in it.
Called it the Encyclopedia
With the encyclopedia, the ideas of the enlightenment
began to spread throughout Europe.
These ideas angered the French Government and the
Catholic Church.
Mozart & Beethoven
Music & Literature
Three Austrian Compossers Franz Joseph Haydn,
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van
Beethoven.
New style of writing began to appear with fictional
novels.
Very popular with the middle class who enjoyed
entertaining stories written in everyday language.
Samuel Richardson novel Pamela is seen as the first
true English novel.
Enlightenment & Monarchy
Many philosophes tried to convince monarchs to
respect the people’s rights.
Monarch’s that took on the ideas of the Enlightenment
were known as enlightened despots.
Although these monarch’s supported these ideas, they
had no plans on giving up their rule.
Three rulers that were the leaders of the enlightened
despots.
Frederick the Great
King of Prussia (1740-1786)
Goal to strengthen the country
Granted Religious Freedom
Reduced Censorship
Improved Education
Reformed Justice System
He called himself “the first
servant of the state”
Joseph II
Ruler of Austria (1780-1790)
Introduced legal reforms
Introduced freedom of the
press
Supported freedom of worship
Abolished serfdom
Peasants to be paid cash for
their labor
Nobles resisted this change
Catherine the Great
Ruled Russia (1762-1796)
She admired Voltaire
Pushed for Religious freedom
Abolish torture & capital
punishment
Actually she did little for the
peasants of Russia
Russian peasants would revolt
in 1773.
Catherine the Great
After crushing the rebellion,
she realized she needed
nobles to support the throne.
She made a focus to expand
her empire
Northern shore of the Black
Sea
Expanded into parts of
Poland