Transcript Biomekanik Pertemuan 9

Gait Analysis
Oleh
Sugijanto
TUJUAN INSTRUKSIONAL
Mahasiswa memahami gait analisis dengan cara :
 Mengkaji faktor-faktor penilaian Analisis jalan.
 Mangkaji dan memperagakan tahapan gait cycle.
 Mengkaji pembebanan (bearing) dan ayunan
(swinging).
 Mengkaji tentang ritme jalan.
 Mengkaji Sagital, transversal dan horizontal cadens.
 Mengkaji tentang foot stride.
 Mendiagnosis penyimpangan gait cycle.
 Mendiagnosis penyimpangan pembebanan-ayunan,
ritme, cadens.
Pertanyaan studi
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Jelaskan Kajian Analisis jalan.
Jelaskan dan peragakan tahapan gait cycle.
Jalaskan tentang pembebanan (bearing) dan
ayunan (swinging).
Jelaskan tentang ritme jalan.
Jelaskan tentang Sagital, transversal dan
horizontal cadens.
Jelaskan tentang foot stride.
Jelaskan tentang penyimpangan gait cycle.
Jelaskan penyimpangan pembebanan-ayunan,
ritme, cadens.
Pendahuluan
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Tujuan pemeriksaan FT:
Menegakkan diagnosa FT
 Correction gait
 Penggunaan sepatu
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Gait Analysis
GAIT ANALYSIS
Perhatikan gait cycles: saat initial contact, foot
flat, loading respons, terminal contact,
asceleration, mid swing, desceleration dan
kembali initial contact
 Perhatikan rhythm, feet distance, cycle
phase, sagital – tranversal – horizontal
cadens, speed etc.
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Siklus normal berjalan
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Stance phase
Initial contact = Heel strike
 Loading response = Foot
flat
 Mid stance = Mid stance
 Terminal stance = Heel off
 Pre swing = Toe off
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Swing phase
Initial swing = Acceleration
 Mid Swing = Mid swing
 Terminal swing = Deceleration
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Pemeriksaan
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Observasi
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Initial contact to loading response
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Pelvic drops : trendelen berg  kelemahan hip abductor
HIP : Deviasi  Anterior pelvic tilt  kelemahan extensor
hip/kontraktur fleksi hip.
Knee :Insufisiensi knee/hyper extensi  Kelemahan knee
extensor/ kontraktur knee extension
Ankle : early foot flat kelemahan foot dorsal
flexor/peroneus nerve lesion
Mid stance
 HIP
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Badan condong kebelakang  kelemahan hip
extensor
Panggul bergeser ipsilateral  kelemahan abduktor
 Hip Adductor spasticity
 KNEE
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Hyper extensi  Kelemahan ekstensor knee
 Ankle
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Excessive plantar fleksi  Kontraktur/spastik plantar
flexor
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Terminal stance
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HIP
condong ke Ipsilateral 
kelemahan abduktor
 Badan
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KNEE
ekstensi knee  kelemahan
ekstensor knee
 Excessive plantar fleksi 
Kontraktur/spastik plantar flexor
 Hiper
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Ankle
ankle dorso flexion 
kelemahan soleus
 Excessive
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Pre swing
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HIP
 Excessive
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hip flexion  spastic hip flexor
KNEE
 Insufficient
knee flexion  kelemahan knee
extensor
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ANKLE
 Excessive
ankle dorsiflexion  kelemahan soleus
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INITIAL SWING
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HIP
hip 
kelemahan hip flexor
 Circumduction
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KNEE
hip flexion 
kelemahan hip flexor
 Insufficient
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ANKLE
 Excessive
ankle plantar
flexion  kontraktur plantar
flexion
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MID SWING
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HIP
hip flexion  kelemahan dorsiflexor
ankle dikompensasi hip flexion\
 Excessive
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KNEE
 Insufficient
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knee flexion  kelemahan hip flexor
ANKLE
ankle plantar flexion  kelemahan dorsi
flexor ankle
 Excessive
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TERMINAL SWING
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HIP
 Circumduction
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hip  kelemahan hip flexor
KNEE
 Insufficient
knee flexion  kelemahan knee
extensor
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ANKLE
plantar flexion ankle  kelemahan dorsi
flexor ankle
 Excessive
Pathological gait
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Pathological gait seperti: duchene gait, weddling’s
gait, paralytic gait, parkinsonian’s gait, dll.
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Hip Joint: Antalgic gait, torsion gait, flexion
contracture gait, duchene gait, trendelen’s
gait, scissor gait, leg dicrepancy gait dll
Knee joint: Antalgic gait, knee flexion
contracture gait, Bow leg gait, Knock knee
gait, hyper extension gait, dll
Ankle and foot: Early foot flat gait, horse gait,
stappage gait, dll
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PENGGUNAAN SEPATU
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Shoe lift untuk leg
discrepancy
Penggunaan medial
dan lateral arc
support
Splinting jari kaki
Plantar stop
Thanks