Transcript what is cps
What Cyber-Phisical System is? Rock Hyun Choi MOEM Lab in Daegu University CPS Executive Summary by CPS Steering group What is CPS? The integration of physical system and processes with networked computing has led to the emergence of a new generation of engineered system CPS Executive Summary by CPS Steering group Range Miniscule(pace makers) ~ large scale(Aircraft) Good Ex: Automobiles: the depth of this change is well-reflected Why important? 다른 방법으로 실현 할 수 없었던 것을 임베디드 시스템을 이용하면 physical system에 어떤 능력 을 부여해 줄 수 있다. Ex) fuel efficiency, pollution mandates How to make it better? Merging computing and networking with physical system So, it creates new capabilities and improve/maintain product quality. Methodology U.S. – NSF European Union – ARTEMIS & EPoSS JAPAN – Embedded technology conference South Korea - KIPA Opportunities Created by CPS Opportunities Created by CPS Shortcomings Current industrial experience → inefficient, unsafe, and unpredictable Composition Compositionality: 시스템 레벨 영역들을 로컬영 역 구성요소들에 의해서 계산(조작) 될 수 있다. Composability: 컴포넌트(부품, 성분, 구성요소) 영역은 다른 컴포넌트에 상호작용의 결과로 변화 되지 않는다. Composition CPSs are inherently heterogeneous Why? Their components and essential design requirements. Multi-objective design problems: Separation of concerns( = design viewpoints) Engine engineer Network engineer orthogonal Design automation Heterogeneity → increase design complexity • → bad for design automation, serious problem Today standard is to use different processes and tools • 중복된 노력으로 시간과 자원 낭비가 심함 System integration integrate complex components into Complex System • Cannot reliable, predictable • Large scale system development에 일반적 문제 • Why? Science 와 engineering의 분리로 발생한 관리 문제 Certification 현재 complex system(ex. 비행기, 의료장비) 인증비용이 너무 높고, 이전 디자인 양상으로 는 모두 역어서 테스트 하기가 너무나 힘듬 First building And then check 검 사 기 Security and privacy It’s new threats! Can cause huge accidents → can’t easily recover Why? Physical system can now be attacked through cyberspace, and vice versa. Education Stovepiping of engineering versus computer science • Fail to train CPS workers CPS: A new Frontier by Lui sha The challenges of CPS research 2.1 Real-time system abstractions • Current: the principal task of a computer is data transformation • CPS: CPSs are real-time system. This requires reexamination of existing hardware and software architecture. – Real-time event triggers – Consistent views of distributes states in real-time within the sphere of influence. Great in mobile devices – Topology control and dynamic real-time groups in the form of packaged service classes of bounded delay, jitter and loss under precisely specified condition. – Interface to access to the same type of controls regardless of the underlying network technology CPS: Design Challenges by Edward Lee 임베디드 시스템은 다른 일반 목적 컴퓨팅 시 스템 보다 높은 안정성을 추구한다 Not entirely predictable Why? It misses timing deadline 1. Worst Case Execution Time(WCET) • 간단한 문제해결을 위해서도 많은 노력이 필요 2. RTOS • • Timing behavior → coarse and complexity → more uncontrollable Bench testing 필요: 그러나 포작하기 어려운 미묘한 timing bugs가 큰 문제를 일으킬 수 있음 CPS: Design Challenges by Edward Lee Solution Timing이 고려된 언어들 • Ex)spilit-C, Cik, SHIM • Guava language – 멀티플 쓰레드에서 비동기화된 객체를 자바 오브젝트에서 제한시킴 • Giotto 그 밖에 다양한 연구들이 실시간 시스템을 위 해 연구된 논문이 나와있음