Transcript 英語基測試題分析

國中英文試題出題趨勢之分析
及因應策略
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內容大綱
1.命題原則
2.命題趨勢
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1.命題原則
1.1. 100年國中基測英語科命題依據
1.2. 歷屆基測試題分析~單題/題組
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1.1 100年國中基測英語科命題依據
國中基測各科試題取材，以學生學習及生活經驗為主
要來源。各科所要測驗的能力與內涵，以「國民中小
學九年一貫課程綱要」國中階段能力指標為命題依據。
各科一般命題原則如下：
(一) 以能經由紙筆測驗評量之能力指標為主
(二) 以評量學生所習得之基本能力為目的
(三) 以符合綱要不涉及素材(版本)之選取為方針
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測驗學科
命題依據
1.「國民中小學九年一貫課程綱要」
英
語
語文學習領域英語國中階段能力指標
2.一千兩百基本字彙﹝教育部九十三年公告﹞
100年國中基本學力測驗英語以「國民中小學九年一貫課程
綱要」國中階段能力指標為命題依據，並非依據教材內容命
題，故教材是否編寫完成，並不影響命題。
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若試題中有部分內容超出範圍，將該內容以小字典
註記，以維持測驗公平性
My mother is always busy. During the day, she sits in front of the
computer and writes stories for children. Mom always says that writing is
the most important thing in her life. She enjoys it a lot and also gets paid for
her writing. That makes her happy because she has three daughters to
bring up. Mom always tries to finish her writing before we get back in the
evening. By doing so, she has more time to be with us. Mom loves talking
and reading with us, but she hates cooking and cleaning. So we have
learned how to do housework since we were very young.
Mom is always busy writing and taking care of us, but she is always
smiling. To me, my mother is the most beautiful woman in the world.
超出範圍單字需加註
[96-1-30～32]
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讀任一審定通過版本，並習得其能力即可應考
能力指標: 3-2-6 能瞭解對話、短文、書信、故事及短劇的情節與內容。
 cigarette 香煙
not… at all 一點也不
promise 承諾
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1.2.歷屆基測試題分析
單題篇
年度
94-1/2
95-1/2
96-1/2
97-1/2
98-1/2
99-1/2
內容
單字
7/8
9/10
11/11
11/11
10/9
10/10
片語
1/1
1/0
1/1
0/0
1/1
0/0
文法
8/7
10/9
6/6
7/6
9/9
8/6
題數
19/16
20/19
18/18
18/17
20/19
18/16
* 詞類適當分配比率為名詞>動詞>形容詞>副詞
單題特色
A.直述句、疑問句、與對話三種形式表達真實語言
(authentic language)使用情境
B.題幹營造語言情境，測驗考生邏輯推理，並利用
上下文提供解題線索
C.融合不同的文法概念與詞彙應用，測驗考生綜合
運用的能力
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A.直述句、疑問句、與對話形式呈現
直述 I can
you the book, but you have to give it back to me
in three days.
(A) borrow (B) lend (C) read (D) show
[97-2-7]
對話Elsa: What does your cousin do?
Paul: She is a
and she works in her shoe store for twelve
hours every day.
(A) mailman (B) nurse (C) shopkeeper (D) waiter [97-1-3]
疑問 Daisy: I went to Taitung to visit my uncle there.
[97-2-17]
Grace: Really?
were you there?
Daisy: For two weeks.
(A) How long (B) How often (C) How soon (D) What time
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B.測驗邏輯推理，依上下文提供解題線索
Lisa: What ____ this morning?
[92-2-17]
Tina: Well, it’s Sunday. I think I’ll go to church with my father.
a. have you done b. are you going to do
c. did you do
d. were you doing
＊＊應從上下文去判斷正確選項為何，不是單靠時間副詞判斷
＊＊考生需具備時間是相對，而非絕對的概念
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C.融合不同的文法概念與詞彙應用
1. My dog hates to take a bath. It usually ____ me one hour to
make him clean.
[93-2-13]
a. needs b. spends c. takes d. uses
*文法與詞彙應用:1.虛主詞It引導的句型
2.搭配字詞take+人+時間
2. I need someone _____ his work to take out the garbage for
me.
[93-1-12]
a. finish
b. finished
c. has finished d. who has finished(.45)
*不同文法應用:時態(現在完成式)與關係代名詞
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總結
1.常見單題題型
a.藉圖辨認單字
b.藉圖了解句子
c.指出正確的文法
d.指出適合的單字
2.背誦單字的中文詞意不等於學習單字。可能有些詞無法
找到非常貼切的中文翻譯，或者有一字多義的現象；建
議在學習生詞時，儘量研讀例句並設法用心體會詞彙的
意義與用法以及搭配詞的使用，融會貫通，以提高文意
理解的速度。
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題組篇
年度
內容
941/2
951/2
961/2
971/2
981/2
991/2
cloze
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
對話
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/1
2/2
2/2
圖表
2/1
1/1
0/0
2/2
2/1
1/1
圖文
2/2
1/3
1/ 2
1/2
2/2
1/3
閱讀理解
4/4
4/3
6/5
4/4
4/4
4/3
題組分為:1.cloze 題
2.閱讀測驗(對話/圖文/圖表)
基測題組「主題分類」
•人際關係(親情/友情/愛情)
•分類廣告
•短箋信件
•時刻表
•位置(地圖與問路)
•減肥與健身
•日記
•佈告訊習
•閱讀與學習
•旅遊
•運動與球類
•人物傳記
基測文章分類「圖文/圖表」
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
說明文
書信
對話
敘述文
日記
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
海報
時刻表
地圖
路線圖
地方位置圖
題組特色~克漏字測驗
1.上下文提供足夠的解題線索，並避免以首、尾句
命題。
2.文意克漏字的選項不跼限於單字，亦可能測驗片
語或整句。
3.時態克漏字常會將各種時態混考，主要是希望考
生可以不要過度依賴時間副詞判斷答案，而可以
從上下文中判斷出正確答案。
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1.上下文提供足夠的解題線索
The grizzly is the star of our little town in the mountains. Many people
visit here for this kind of strong large brown bear. When a grizzly grows
up, it may become as heavy as 680 kg. But never think this gigantic
animal moves slowly. In fact, the grizzly can run as fast as 55 km an
hour.
Though grizzlies look quite big and dangerous, they eat not only meat,
but also flowers and grasses. Fish is their favorite food. On summer
nights, they enjoy catching fish in the rivers. That is why people usually
come watching grizzlies in this season.
Now the number of grizzlies is getting smaller because they have been
killed by people who sell grizzly body parts as medicine. Many people
of our town are worried about this and have asked for help to save our
big friends.
[97-2-43]
( C )44. What does gigantic mean?
(A) Fast and light.
(B) Quiet and shy. (籃色字為線索)
(C) Big and strong.
(D) Round and cute.
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2.克漏字不跼限於單字，可能測驗片語或
整句
(In an English class)
Teacher: Let’s play a game with 3-letter words. The game is easy to play. First, a 3-letter word is spoken.
Then the next
person has to say a different 3-letter word that starts with the last letter of the spoken word.
Anyone who cannot
speak a right 3-letter word in two seconds will have to 22. . Any questions?
Brian: Yes. Can we try again if we say a wrong word?
Teacher: No, you 23. . That’s why the game is exciting and
fun. Now let’s try it!
Brian: OK! Let me try first. MAP.
Amy: PUT.
Jane: TEA.
Ken: 24. .
Carl: EAR.
Sam: RAIN.
Carl: Ha! I got you.
Sam: Oh, no! I forgot it has to be a 3-letter word.
Teacher: Sam, it’s your show time. Here’s the book. Pick out any story you’d like. Now everybody, let’s
listen to Sam.
( B )22.
( A )23.
[99-1-22~23]
(A) sing a song (B) read a story (C) draw a picture
(D) make a funny face
(A) have just one chance
(B) have to give a different word
(C) may look it up in the dictionary (D) must ask your classmates for help
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3.克漏字常會將各種時態混考
Last night I had a bad dream. In my dream, I __20__ to a room
by three strange-looking people. They talked to each other in a
language I didn’t understand. I didn’t know what they __21__
to me. Would they do anything bad? I was so afraid that I
started to cry. Suddenly, one of them came up to me and tried to
hurt me with a knife. I cried out loudly and then I __22__ up.
Luckily, there were no people around – I was in my own bed!
[94-1-20~22]
20. (B) am taken
(B) was taken (C) have been taken (D) would be taken
21. (D) are doing (B) did
(C) have done
(D) would do
22. (B) wake
(C) was waking
(D) was going to wake
(B) woke
總結
1. 題組在於評量學生整體運用語言的能力，看看
其是否能夠瞻前顧後，學會用上下文找文章裏
的線索，理解文意。
2. 考猜字的目的：增加學生的閱讀能力，出題時
絕對不會憑空丟給學生一個生字去猜。同時猜
的字詞，通常是2000以外較難的單字，以免程
度較好的同學，以背景知識回答，造成不公平
的現象。
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2.命題趨勢
2.1.單字命題方向
2.2.高頻率文法題
2.3.閱讀題組類型
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2.1.單字命題方向
分析歷屆基測單字題，可整理出五大命題方向
1.定義題(Definition)
2.聯想題(Association)
3.因果關係題(Cause and Effect)
4.多義字(Homonym)
5.搭配字詞(Collocation)
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1.定義題(Definition)
字詞的基本定義。常見題型包含：同義字(synonym)、
反義字(antonym)與看圖辨義。
 ( B )4.How can you study in the living room when other people

are watching TV? I think you need a
place.

(A) cleaner (B) quieter (C) safer (D) smaller
【99-1-4】
解析：以單字基本定義配合句意，由watching TV推論選quieter
（比較安靜的）。
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2.聯想題(Association)
依千字表主題分類，判斷該題用聯想、舉例、類比等，
找尋答題線索，如：apple → fruit ; clothes → jacket。
( B )I was not home when the mail carrier brought the
package, so I’ll have to get it myself at the post office.
(A) bus driver
(B) mail carrier
(C) police officer (D) shopkeeper 【97-1-3】
解析：由場所post office（郵局）聯想到職業稱謂
mail carrier（郵差）。
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3.因果關係題(Cause and Effect)
說明事情原因或結果，可運用常識做邏輯推理得知答案。
句中常出現because、so、for 、why…等因果相關字詞。
( A )When we stayed at the country house, we had only
enough water for drinking. That's why we did not take
a bath for two days.
(A) bath (B) rest (C) vacation (D) walk 【97-2-4】
解析：由had only enough water for drinking說明第二句兩
天沒洗澡(take a bath)的原因。
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4.多義字(Homonym)
除了同音異義單字(park、bank)，也包含同形異音異義
( heteronym)單字，如：present 禮物/贈送(名詞與動詞發音不同)。
( C ) There are more and more cars in our city, so parking has
become a serious problem.
(A)jumping
(B) learning
(C) parking
(D) smoking
【96-1-7】
解析：詞性不同，產生多義字 。 park名詞為公園，動詞為停車。
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5.搭配字詞(Collocation)
國中基測最常考的詞彙搭配字詞為『動詞+名詞』，如：
turn off the TV、make mistakes、take a trip、do housework等。
( D )When the teacher was not in the classroom, the students
talked loudly and made a lot of noise .
(A) excuses (B) heat (C) languages (D) noise
【94-2-6】
解析：make excuses（找藉口）與 make noise（製造噪音）
皆為make的搭配字詞，而本題依句意talked loudly
（講話很大聲）得知本題選make noise。
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結論
根據90～99年國中基測英語科試題統計:
定義題(Definition)出現比例最高，佔60%～70%，其次為
聯想題(Association)與因果關係題(Cause and Effect) ，
佔25%～40%，而多義字(Homonym)與搭配字詞(Collocation)，
所佔比例雖然不高，僅佔5%～10%，但確是每年統計的
低通過率試題，須多加留意。
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2.2.高頻率文法題
時態— (現在完成式主要考與過去式的對比)
There is/ are
被動語態
感官動詞 /使役動詞
祈使句的使用時機
關代與形容詞子句
新增過去完成式
助動詞與代動詞(do/does/did…)
不定代名詞one, some, any, many…
連接詞
比較級
時態
時態一直是基測考試的重點，除了在單題部分外，
時態題也常出現在克漏字題組中。要留意時態題
出現時，常伴隨著其他時態的句子或其他「非典型」
的時間副詞來混淆作答。例如：
 ( C )16.Alex: Why are you still here? It’s already eight o’clock.




Tom: Because I
my work. Don’t worry.
It’s almost done.
(A) wasn’t finishing
(B) wouldn’t finish
(C) haven’t finished
(D) won’t finish
【 99-1-16 】
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There is/ are
There is / are 表示「存在」，要注意 There is / are 可套用
所有時態以及與How many are there…?用法：
( A )Jack: There is going to ___ a dance on
Saturday. Would you like to go with me?
Nina: Sure. I can’t wait for it.
[92-2-19]
a. be
b. do
c. get
d. have
( B ) _____ will be a welcome party next week for the
new students. Will you come with me? [94-1-15]
a. It
b. There c. They d. We
( A )Grace: How many pencils
in your pencil box?
Allen: Only One.
[93-1-18]
a. are there
b. are they c. is there d. is it
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被動語態
被動語態較重視動作本身，而非執行者。被動語態的形式是
「be 動詞＋過去分詞 p.p.」，其中時態及相關意思全由
be 動詞表現。
( C ) Jean is crazy about the color purple. The walls
of her house are all
purple.
[97-2-10]
(A) built
(B) dug
(C) painted (D) shown
( A ) Ms. Wang thought she lost her ring last night. But this
morning she found that it was on the table and was
by
a book.
[97-2-12]
(A) covered (B) moved
(C) packed
(D) stopped
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使役動詞與感官動詞
使役動詞，接受詞後
let 讓、make 使；命令、have 吩咐
只接V原
感官動詞，接受詞後 see 看到、hear 聽到、watch 看著、notice 注意到、
feel 感覺到
可接V原或Ving
感官動詞，接受詞後 smell 聞到、find 發現到、look at 注視著
只接Ving
( C ) When I was walking along the river, I saw some
fish
out of the water.
【96-2-14】
(A) jumped
(B) to jump
(C) jumping
(D) are jumping
( A ) If I finish my homework before eight o’clock, my parents
will let me
TV.
(A) watch
(B) watching 【94-2-934】
(C) to watch
(D) have watched
情態副詞與連綴動詞
情態副詞修飾動作，連綴動詞接形容詞來點綴主詞：
( A )10. The students got
when they saw their favorite
【94-2-10】
movie star eating at the next table.
(A) excited (B) excitedly (C) exciting (D) excitingly
( B )13. All the packages are
checked at the airport to
【95-1-13】
keep everyone safe.
(A) careful
(B) carefully
(C) more careful
(D) the most careful
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祈使句的使用時機
祈使句為歷年基測統計之低通過率考題
( A )19. Judy: The ball game will be on TV tomorrow at six
【94-1-19】
in the morning.
Lucy:
up early and you won’t miss it.
(A) Get
(B) to get
(C) Getting
(D) Gets
( A )2. Wendy: Do you know where the library is?
Simon: Just
going for two more blocks and you’ll
【95-1-2】
see it.
(A) keep
(B) to keep
(C) keeping
(D) keeps
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關係子句
( B )13. In my family, my sister is the only person
【96-1-13】
who
chocolate.
(A) love
(B) loves
(C) loved (D) loving
( B ) 14. Tommy is looking for the watch
his uncle
him on his birthday. 【97-1-14】
(A) gives (B) gave
( C) to give (D) has given
第14題為省略當受格關代(that/which)用法
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新增過去完成式
1. 描述延續到「過去某時間點」為止的動作或狀態：
 When I saw him, he had worked for six hours.
（當我看見他時，他已工作了六小時。）
→ 連接詞 when 是指「過去某時間點」，
「主要子句」用「過去完成式」，表示
「延續到過去某時（當被看見）的動作」。
2. 描述到「過去某時間點」為止，曾有過的經驗：
 Before Tina came to Kaohsiung, I had seen her
several times.
（在 Tina 來高雄之前，我曾見過她幾次。）
3. 描述到「過去某時間點」為止，已完成的動作：
 Peter had eaten dinner before he came home.
（Peter 在回家之前已吃過飯了。）
→ 過去完成式 had eaten 比過去式 came 早發
生。
比較「現在完成式」與「過去完成式」的差別：
現在完成式
句
型
主詞＋have 或 has＋過
去分詞…
（和「現在」有關）
過去完成式
主詞＋had＋過去分詞…
（和「過去」有關）
延續性
延續到「現在」為止的 延續到「過去某時間點」
動作或狀態
為止的動作或狀態
經
到「現在」為止，曾有 到「過去某時間點」為止
過的經驗
，曾有過的經驗
驗
動作完成
到「現在」為止，已完 到「過去某時間點」為止
成的動作
，已完成的動作
結論
除了上述文法外，考生也須多留意:
Book 1: wh-問句 (where/who/ when/ why/what time/how)
Book 2: how much~? / 金錢用法
Book 3: 頻率副詞 / too...to 句型
Book 4: It is ＋形容詞＋ to V
Book 5: 間接問句 / wh- 不定詞片語
Book 6: 附加問句
多做練習並留意課本上的解說和例句，一定可以加深印
象，掌握各項文法考點 。
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2.3.閱讀題組類型
題組部分則有克漏字測驗(6~8題)和閱讀測驗(18~22題)
二大類，其內容涵蓋了與日常生活息息相關的事物。
了解上下文的關聯性
文章整體的理解能力
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五大類主題：
1.短文：內容涉及人物簡介和敘述、旅遊、電視 、候鳥、
污染、打電動、驚魂記、親子關係和節慶等。
2.對話：內容涉及書店、購物（禮物、汽車）、球賽、穿著
和學校生活。
3.廣告：形式包含各種分類廣告、說明書和旅遊指南等。
4.書信：形式包含讀者投書、日記、便條、留言和邀請函等。
5.圖表：形式包含時刻表、地圖、海報（夏令營、演唱會）、
通告、卡片、家譜、圖書目錄、天氣預測、節目表和
統計圖等。
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三種克漏字測驗題型
1.片語和單字如:graduate from
1-25)…等
(93-1-25)、
younger(94-
2.文句的選擇如: think differently about the
issue(90-2-22)
3.各種時式和被動式的運用如:was taken(94-1-20) 、
have taught (95-2-21)
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十種閱讀測驗題型
1. 找出細節
3. 用圖表徵文意
5. 做出結論
7. 字詞指涉
9. 時態克漏字
11. 指出作者的立場
2. 理解圖表
4. 指出主旨
6. 做出推論
8. 猜測字義
10. 文意克漏字
題組測驗解題技巧(1) Skimming
Skimming（快速瀏覽全文）：
閱讀文章時，應要求自己漸漸培養出快速瀏覽全文的能力，
以便掌握文章大意（克漏字測驗時特別重要），進而根據文
章進行判斷、推理。考生應多留意文章的「主題句」（通常
在文章開頭的一、二句或結尾部分）中所表達的訊息，因而
找出文章的中心思想。
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題組測驗解題技巧(2) Scanning
Scanning（快速掃描細節）：
由於在閱讀測驗中最常出現的是有關「5 W 1 H」 （what,
when, where, who, why 與 how）的問題，所以考生應留意相關
的線索並標記出來。例如，在遇到 where 的問題時，自己就能
很快找出提供發生事件地點的線索。如此，到了考場，自己便
能非常快速地根據題目找出所需的細節答案。
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題組測驗解題技巧(3) Guessing unknown words
Guessing unknown words（猜測生字）：
閱讀文章時，如遇到猜測生字題型(生字/代名詞)，儘量利用
上下文猜測生字。依據上下文，用心揣摩該句或該字詞在該
篇段落中的正確涵義，切勿根據自己已有的知識作答。且須
注意在閱讀測驗中，的同義字或同義詞。
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結論
題組命題方式
（1）找中心思想或主旨大意（Identifying the main idea）
（2）找特殊細節（Finding specific details mentioned in
the passage）
（3）找含意、作推論、得結論（Finding implications,
and draw inferences and conclusions from the text）
（4）辨別風格與語調（Recognizing style and tone）
(5) 決定文中字或片語的意義（Determining the meaning
of words or phrases used in the text）
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