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单项选择解题技巧 余姚市教育局教研室 杨春妹 突出语境 强化语意 强调运用 试题不仅要求考生具有一定的英语语法知识和词汇知 识的记忆、理解、掌握和运用的能力，还要求考生根据提 干所给的语境，进行分析和对比，并能灵活地运用英语基 础知识来解题。 一、命题特点 1. 考查学生在特定的语言环境中运用语法的能力。 2. 考查同学们掌握和运用日常交际用语的能力。 3. 考查同学们的应试能力。 二、单项选择的常用解题方法 1． 直选法 2． 排除法 My sister is good at sports . She can jump ______ than me . A. highest B. very high C. too high D. much higher 3． 推理法 --- I was told to be here before eight . --- Oh, you ______ . I’m sorry for not telling you that we have changed the plan . A. must B. can’t C. may D. needn’t 4． 常识法 Which of them is not a capital city? Paris B. London C. New York D. Moscow （10金华）30.—Look! What is it about? 一It is about ______ in London in 2012. A. the World Cup B. the Asian Games C. the Olympic Games D. the National Games 5． 反证法 Harry looked ______ at the photo of his mother . A. glad B. pleased C. happy D. happily 6． 还原法 （1） 疑问句还原成陈述句 ---Who are you going to have ______ this letter for you? ---My secretary. A. type B. typed C. been typed D. been typing Is this shop ______ sells children’s clothing? A. which B. the one that C. the one D. the one where. （2）被动语态还原成主动语态 The patient was warned ______ only food after the operation. A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating （3）感叹句还原成陈述句 ______ from Beijing to London! A. How long way it is B. What a long way is it C. How long way is it D. What a long way it is （4）固定词组搭配还原 They look forward with hope ______ a chance to receive further education. A. for getting B. of getting C. to getting D. to get （5）将强调句还原为陈述句 It was for this reason ______ her mother moved out of New York and settled in a small village. A. which B. that C. why D. how （6）将省略句还原为完整句 --- What do you think made Mary so sad? --- ______ her new bicycle. A. as she lost B. lost C. because of losing D. losing （7）将复杂句还原为简单句 Who do you think ______ to see us this afternoon? A. will come B. to come C. come D. coming 三、答题策略： 1. 寻找固定短语或句型作解题突破口 He walked ______ fast for us ______ catch up with. A. so; that B. such; that C. enough; to D. too; to 2. 排除思维定势干扰，以免误选答案 --- Don‘t forget to post this letter for me, please. --- No,I ______. A. don’t B. won‘t C. mustn’t D. can’t 3. 注意文化差异，谨防中式思维 --- You've given us a wonderful Chinese dinner, Mrs Huang. --- ______ . A. Oh. I’m afraid I didn’t cook well. B. I’m glad you enjoyed it. C. It’s not necessary for you to say so D. It doesn’t matter. 4. 运用语法知识，分析句子结构 --- Why did Miss Wang look so worried when we saw her? --- Because she wondered ______. A. where did the other students go B. when would the policeman come C. what her students have done during the trip D. if her students had got to school on time. 5. 从题干语义信息出发, 确定正确答案 --- When shall we go to the museum, this afternoon or tomorrow morning? --- ______ is OK. I’m free these days. A. Both B. Either C. All D. Neither 6. 从上下文的时间隐含来确定正确的时态 --- Excuse me, look at the sign NO PHOTOS! --- Sorry, I ______ it. A. don’t see B. didn’t see C. haven’t seen D. won’t see 四、 单项选择中的疑难问题 1． 增加插入语 John plays football ______, if not better than, David. A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as 2. 省略句子成分 --- Write to me when you get home. --- ______. A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I can 3. 运用追加限制 Shirley ______ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished it. A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing 4. 借用思维定式的副作用 ---Is______ here? --- No, Peter and Tom have asked for leave. A. anybody B. somebody C. everybody D. nobody 5.运用汉语“负迁移” ---I think you should phone Millie and say sorry to her. ---_______. It was her fault. A. No way B. Not possible C. No chance D. Not at all 6. 融谚语、成语、名言于试题之中 --- Paul works very hard and has won the Best Student Award again. ---Well, it proves that ______. A. many hands make light work. B. too many cooks spoil the broth. C. The grass is always greener on the other side. D. The early bird catches the worm. (10 宁波） 任务型阅读 A. A friend in need is a friend indeed. B. If winter comes, can spring be far behind? C. Follow your own course(路径），and let people talk. D. Give a man a fish and he will eat for a day. Teach a man to fish and he will eat for the rest of his life. E. Good painting is like good cooking ； it can be tasted, but not explained. 71. Sarah： Don't care too much about what they have said, Tony. 72. Stephen： Thanks for helping me, Amy. I'm so proud of having a friend like you. 73. Mr. Lee ： Teachers should tell the kids not only what to do， but also how to do that. 74. Alan： Don't be upset，Jeff. The great success is just in front of you. 75. Sally： I don't want to hear the tour guide introduce the paintings in the gallery. Don't you think so? 五、复习策略 1. 认真研读《宁波市2011年初中毕业生学业考试说明》 • • • • • • • • • • 记住常用规则动词和不规则动词的变化形式 能根据句意或上下文正确使用动词的适当形式 正确使用常见实义动词和情态动词 熟练运用表示将来的be going to 熟练运用动词的六种时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、 一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时） 理解两种时态（过去完成时、过去将来时）的基本用法 熟练运用动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和状语 理解动词不定式作主语和定语的用法 熟练运用一般现在时、一般过去时、常用情态动词的被动语态 熟练运用there be 结构的肯定、否定和疑问形式 2. 采用灵活巧妙的方法归纳语法基础知识 冠词 英语冠词有两种，不定冠词定冠词； 不定冠词a和an,用在单数名词前； 表示一类人和事,one 和every是同义。 定冠词用法有多种,只要特指就找它; 意思等于这和那,可数不可数均好用; 独一无二世上物,西洋乐器、地理名 姓氏前面加上the,后加 “s” 表一家。 冠词不能随意用,人名、地名不用它; 四季、月份和星期,语言、学科和球类; 统统把它拒门外,甭说一天三餐饭。 分数 分子基数词，分母序数词： 分子大于一，分母加s； 还有half/quarter 来变身。 A half is equal to one second; A quarter is equal to one fourth. Three quarters is equal to three fourths 使役动词 使役动词共有三，let, make和have； 意思都是“让”和“使”；后面宾补用原形； 若要改成被动式，两动之间加上to。 Have有个特殊性，have sth. + p.p.; Make 也有特殊性，make oneself + p.p.。 动词 感官动词在头部，常见常听常观察； 后面宾补有两种，意思不同要牢记； 后跟原形表过程，后跟分词表瞬间； 若要改成被动式，两动之间加上to; 短暂性动词——延续性动词 buy→ have; join → be in; leave → be away borrow →keep; break →be broken; die →be dead open →be open; close → be closed; get up → be up come → be here ; become →be; begin to study → study lose → be lost; have got → have ; marry → be married go →be away; wake →be awake; sleep → be asleep 3. 加强词汇复习，清除记忆死角。 4. 建立错题档案，提升解题准确率。