Transcript Chapter 4
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
Sociology: A Down-to-Earth
Approach 7/e
James M. Henslin
Chapter Four: Social Structure and
Social Interaction
This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law:
any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network;
preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images;
any rental, lease, or lending of the program.
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
1
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
Levels of Sociological Analysis
Macrosociology
Large-Scale Features of Social Life
Microsociology
Focus on Social Interaction
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
2
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
The Macrosociological Perspective
Sociological Significance of Social Structure
Guides Our Behavior
Behavior Decided by Location in Social Structure
Culture
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
3
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
The Macrosociological Perspective
Social Class Divides People by…
Income
Education
Occupation
Status Symbols
Master Statuses
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
4
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
The Macrosociological Perspective
Social Status
Ascribed
Achieved
Status Symbols
Master Statuses
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
5
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
The Macrosociological Perspective
Roles
Groups
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
6
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
Social Institutions
Sociological Significance of
Social Institutions
Ten Social Institutions in
Industrialized Societies
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
7
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
Ten Social Institutions in
Industrialized Societies
Family
Religion
Education
Economics
Medicine
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
8
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
Ten Social Institutions in
Industrialized Societies
Politics
Law
Science
Military
Mass Media
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
9
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
Social Institutions
Mass Media as Social Institution
Functionalist and Conflict Perspectives
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
10
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
Functionalist Perspective
Replacing Members
Socializing New Members
Producing and Distributing Goods
and Services
Preserving Order
Providing a Sense of Purpose
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
11
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
Conflict Perspective
Powerful Groups Control Institutions
Small Groups Garner Lion’s Share of Wealth
Social Institutions Affect Gender Relations
Main Purpose is to Preserve Social Order
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
12
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
Changes in Social Order
What Holds Society Together?
Mechanical and Organic Solidarity
Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft
How Relevant Today?
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
13
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
Microsociological Perspective:
Social Interaction in Everyday Life
Stereotypes
Assumptions About What People
Are Like
Classify Others By Visible
Characteristics
Ideas About Characteristics Guide
Our Behavior
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
14
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
Microsociological Perspective:
Social Interaction in Everyday Life
Personal Space
Intimate Distance
Personal Distance
Social Distance
Public Distance
Eye Contact
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
15
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
Dramaturgy:
The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life
Erving Goffman
Dramaturgy—The Stage
Impression Management
Role Performance
Role Strain Between and Within Roles
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
16
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
Ethnomethodology:
Uncovering Background Assumptions
The Study of How People Do Things
Harold Garfinkle’s Experiments
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
17
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
Social Construction of Reality
Definition of the Situation—
Thomas Theorem
Objective Reality vs. Subjective
Interpretation
Gynecological Examinations
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
18
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction
Need for Macrosociology and
Microsociology
Understanding Incomplete Without Both
Consider the Example of Groups Studied by
William Chambliss
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005
19