Sarf_Lesson_03
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QURANIC GRAMMAR
AS-SARF
“Morphology of the words”
Lesson 3
Lessons from the book
MABADE” ALA’RABIYAH –
basics of Arabic Grammar
RASHEED SHARTOONI
10-12 Derivable / Non Derivable
Nouns are categorized into two categories:
1. Concrete (JAMID )جامدwhich is a not derived from any other word (it is
the origin) , and is divided in to two types:
a. Noun of Self (Zaat-genus) ذاتit is not derived from a verb cannot be
derived from it
•
Rajolon رجل- Man
•
Nahar نهر- River
b. Abstract noun or an Infinitive (Masdar) مصدر, it is an action but
without time (derived from a verb-a noun without time) , it can be
divided into:
– Three Lettered
– Four Lettered
– Five and Six Lettered
2.Derived –These are derived words from other word such as from the
Abstract Concrete or MASDAR, and this could be SIFAH
(صفةdescription) or MAWSOOF (موصوفdescribed one)
MOHAMMAD ALHAAMID = MOHAMMAD the praiser (one who
praises)
Is Derived from the MADSAR HAMDAN (a praise),
HAMADA (past tense –he praised) HAMDAN (MASDAR-a praise) , that
means He praised a praise
10-12 Derivable / Non Derivable
• The derived noun can be dualed or pluralized , minimized or suffixed
with relative YAA.
• مدني, مدينة,مدن, مدينتان, مدينة
• City (MADENA), two cities (MADEENATAAN), cities (MODON), small
city (MODAYNA), the one from the city (MADANYE)
10-12 Non Derivable
are divide into the following six types:
غير متصرف
اسم االستفهام
interrogative noun
أمثلة
منwho
اسم الشرط
Conditional noun
مهما what ever
الضمائر pronoun
هو ،أنت ،هي ،هن ...الخ .
األسماء الموصولة
Relative noun
مريم ،واللذان شاركا في
التي سافرت
ُ
صبَ َر .
ج َ
من َ
ح َ
السباق أخوان ،ونَ َ
أسماء اإلشارة
Demonstrative noun
هذه بضاعة ،.
م.
هذا ظُل ٌ
الظرف
بين
12-Masdar / Derivable Nouns
Abstract Infinitive (Masdar) or Derivable– They are the infinitive
of the word. They are called abstract because they are defined
as the basic form of the verb without tense.
1. A noun without time. It is the root of the verb.
2. Adal ( َعد ٌلjustice)
Example of Derived from Infinitive QIYAAM (the standing):
Qaama -stood قام, Yaqoom –standing يقوم, Qom -stand
up (All Derivable for Standing) قم
12-Types of Masdar
Type of Masdar with respect to the verb derived
from it
1.Tri-Lettered Verb
2.Four Letter
3.Five and Six Letter Verb
Types of Masdar
Tri-Lettered Verb - There are 5 Forms that are
most known
1. Profession -Fe Aa Lah فِعالة- SINAA’AH – Industry,
TIJAARAH business, ZIRAAH agriculture
2. Disturbance-Fa Alaan َف َعالن- GHALYAAN – Boiling
3. Color-FuAlah فُعلة- KHODHRAH / HUMRAH
4. Disease or Sound -FuAal فُعال BUKAA’A (Cry)
ZUKAAM (Common Cold)
5. Resistance to an action-FeAaLon عال
ِ َف
E’ETABOON (Blame), E’QAAB (punishment)
Types of Masdar
Tri-Lettered Verb – Other forms
1. Fa’lun فعل Sam’Aun (سمعhearing)
2.
Dharbun (ضربA Hit)
3.
Mun’aun (منعProhibition)