Transportation Improvement Program
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Transcript Transportation Improvement Program
Ed Christopher
Resource Center Planning Team
Federal Highway Administration
4749 Lincoln Mall Drive
Matteson, IL 60443
708-283-3534
[email protected]
[email protected]
Slides at
EdTheFed.com
http://www.edthefed.com/presen
tations/What_is_an_MPO.ppt
What is Transportation Planning?
Why Does it Exist?
Transportation Planning is a Process
It exists to provide the information
needed for decision makers to
choose among alternative strategies
for improving transportation system
performance
Transportation Planning is a Process
Establishing a community/regional vision and
identifying how transportation fits into the vision
Developing/utilizing a cooperative and inclusive
transportation vision and operations concept for
the region
Understanding the types of decisions needed to
achieve the vision
Assessing the opportunities and limitations of the
future in relation to goals and desired system
performance measures
and there’s more…
Transportation Planning is a Process
Identifying near- and long-term consequences of
alternative choices
Relating alternative decisions to goals, objectives,
and system performance measures
Helping decision makers establish priorities and
develop an investment program
Presenting this information to decision makers
How is all this done?
Federally, Urban Transportation
Planning Began
in 1962 with the Federal-Aid Highway Act
Required that transportation projects in urbanized
areas of 50,000 or more people be based on a
transportation planning process
Provided a funding mechanism for the process to
develop
Required the 3C planning process (cooperative,
continuing and comprehensive)
~ 51 years old
What is the 3C Planning Process?
Cooperative—cooperation between
federal, state, local levels of
government and various agencies
within each level
Continuing—need to periodically
reevaluate and update transportation plan
Comprehensive—referred to 10 elements
for which inventories and analyses were required
Consultative
(evolved in over the last 20 years)
“Cooperation means that the parties involved in carrying out the
transportation planning and programming processes work together
to achieve a common goal or objective” 23 CFR 450.104
Ten Basic Elements
(Comprehensive Defined)
1. Economic Factors Affecting Development
2. Population
3. Land Use
4. Transportation Facilities (Inc. Mass Transit)
5. Travel Patterns
6. Terminal and Transfer Facilities
7. Traffic Control Features
8. Zoning, Building Codes, Subdivision Codes
9. Financial Resources
10.Social and Community-Value Factors
What Emerged From This?
Analytical Process and Tools
Metropolitan Planning Organizations
(MPOS)
Transportation Plans
Analytical Process
Four Phases
1. Collection of Data
2. Analysis of Data
3. Forecasts of Activity and Travel
4. Evaluation of Alternatives
The Urban Travel Forecasting Process
Basic Four-Step Process
1. Trip Generation
2. Trip Distribution
3. Mode Split
4. Traffic Assignment
Other processes are evolving
Activity
Dynamic
Simulation
Metropolitan Planning Organizations
1973 Federal-Aid Highway Act
Dedicated money to planning activities
Planning Regulations
Formalized the process, organization and
procedures
Who is the MPO?
MPOs are Policy Boards comprised of local
elected officials, officials of public agencies
that administer or operate major modes of
transportation and State officials
A Policy Board Can Include
Mayor(s)
Regional Planning Commission Chair
County Executive
Airport Director
Port Commission Executive
Transit Authority Executive
DOT Manager
How is the MPO Board Empowered?
Required for urbanized areas of over
50,000
Designation by agreement between
Governor and local governments that
represent at least 75% of population
(including the central city or cities) or in
accordance with procedures in State or
local law
What Area Does an MPO Cover?
Urbanized Areas over 50,000 people
Special case for Urban Areas over 200K
people (Transportation Management Area or
TMA)
Metropolitan Planning Area
Metropolitan
Planning Area
Urbanized Area
How do MPOs Decide Things?
Generally through Consensus
and a Committee Process
Governor and local officials
(or State law) determine voting
status and agreements
By-Laws
What Do MPOs Do?
Serve as the Forum for the 3C Process
Prepare/adopt 20 year Regional
Transportation Plan (RTP)
Develop Transportation Improvement
Program (TIP)
Develop Unified Planning Work Program
(UPWP)
Publish a Public Participation Plan
Additionally MPOs…
Publish an annual listings of projects for
which Federal funds have been obligated
Maintain a Congestion Management Process
(CMP) for TMAS only
Program Projects and Funds (STP, CMAQ)
Track air quality conformity for compliance
with State plan
Conduct technical studies, including travel
surveys, demographics, and travel demand
modeling
Additionally MPOs…
Work with member agencies to develop
financial estimates for the RTP and TIP
Ensure fiscal constraint (balance revenues
to expenditures)
Initiate public involvement and involve the
public
Coordinate Plans and programs with state
and other federal agencies
and much more . . .
The Long Range (Transportation) Plan
Metropolitan Transportation Plan
At least a 20 year Horizon
Long and Short-Range
Strategies/Actions
Updated every 5 years (4 in nonattainment areas)
Use Latest Data
Be Approved by the MPO
Some MTP Elements
Current and Forecasted Population and
Employment
Future Land Use Plans
Projected Demand of Persons and Goods
Adopted Management and Operations
Strategies
Multimodal Evaluation of Needs
Pedestrian and Bike
Public Transit and Freight
Roadway Element
Freight Element
Performance Based Approach
Support National Goals
Surface Transportation Targets
Public Transit Targets
Feds set goals
State and transit set their targets
MPO sets its targets (180 days or less)
Monitor and Report on Progress
Transportation Improvement Program
(TIP)
Priority List of Projects Spanning at
Least 4 Years
Typically Updated Annually (required
every 4 years)
Prepared in Cooperation with State and
Public Transit Operator(s)
Opportunity for Public Comment
Lists Funding Sources
TIP (Cont’d)
Describes Projects
Must include regionally significant projects
regardless of funding
May include non-federally funded projects
Must include federally funded projects
Financially Constrained
Consistent With 20 Year Plan
Unified Planning Work Program (UPWP)
Annual Program
Documents Planning Work Done with
SAFETEA-LU Funds Over the Next One
to Two Years
Includes Relevant State/Local Activities
Has a Schedule
Identifies Responsible Agency
Discusses Planning Priorities
Public Involvement Process
(Participation Plan)
Proactive and inclusive
Public involvement in overall planning activities
Outreach to affected minority and low income
populations
Numerous methods
Open houses, Newsletters
Presentation, Internet
Cable access television programs
Financial Constraint
Required by ISTEA and reaffirmed by
TEA-21 and SAFETEA-LU (MAP-21)
Designed to bring realistic
expectations of current and future
revenues to process
Long Range Plans can have illustrative
projects
Uses “year of expenditure”
cost estimates
Additional Resources
http://www.edthefed.com/planning
http://www.edthefed.com/planning
http://www.edthefed.com/planning
http://www.edthefed.com/planning