Transcript PPT

神經內科 王志弘醫師
Able to find the current best evidence
Pre-appraised evidence
 經評讀過的證據
 次級資料庫(vs 初級資料庫 MedLine, PubMed)
 不懂得如何評讀
 不會運用評讀技巧
 沒時間
System
 系統
 理想
 Electronic Health Record (EHR) / Electronic Medical
Record (EMR)
 Computerized physician order entry (CPOE)
Summary
 Evidence-based textbooks
 Reviews evidence of high standards
 Posts newly published evidence
 Topic list is finite
 UpToDate
 FirstConsult
 Dynamed
Synopses of Syntheses
 Evidence-based journal abstracts
 Typically one page, structured descriptions of preappraised articles
 DARE, the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of
Evidence
 可在 Cochrane library 當中查到
 http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/CRDWeb/
Synopses
 Synopses of Synthesis (systemic reviews)
 Synopses of Studies (original studies)
Synthesis
 Systematic Reviews
 Exhaustive search for evidence, systematic assembly the
evidence to provide as clear a signal about the effect of a
healthcare intervention
 Cochrane Library
 EvidenceUpdates (free registration)
 PubMed Clinical Queries
Synopses of Studies
 Structured abstracts of individual high quality studies
 ACP JC
 EBN
Studies
 Original studies
 PubMed
 Evidence refinery services
 EvidenceUpdate (register required)
Meta-Search Engine
 SUMsearch
 TRIP (Turning Research into Practice)
 PubMed Clinical Queries
臨床情境
 一位80歲的老太太因為發燒咳嗽有痰來急診,診斷為
肺炎,後來惡化造成敗血性休克,除了抗生素及升壓
劑的治療外,主治醫師建議可以合併使用類固醇治療,
家屬想要了解使用類固醇治療的效果。
Question?
提出問題
 Does corticosteroid treatment in patients with septic
shock improve mortality?
PICO
P: patient, problem
病人、問題為何
I: intervention
「介入」方式為何
C: comparison
可能的對照、選擇
O: outcome
結果為何
Patient with septic
shock
Corticosteroid
No steroid
Mortality
Key word
Septic shock AND
corticosteroid AND
mortality
Clinical Queries

Clinical Study Categories

Category:


Scope:



Etiology, diagnosis, therapy, prognosis, clinical prediction
guides
broad, narrow
Systematic Reviews
Medical Genetics
Q1 治療或處置
 假設你是社區衛生護理人員
 一天家訪到一位20多歲的婦女,有一年每天抽半包菸
的習慣,她想戒菸,但是自行嘗試戒菸多次皆失敗。
她聽朋友說嚼尼古丁口香糖有效。
 她問你說這是真的嗎?
PICO
 P: patient, problem
 病人、問題為何
 I: intervention
 「介入」方式為何
 C: comparison
(none,placebo)
 可能的對照、選擇
 O: outcome
 結果為何
• P:
– 有吸菸習慣的成年婦女
• I:
– 尼古丁替代治療
– Nicotine replacement
therapy
• C:
– 無替代治療
– 自行戒菸
• O:
– 戒菸成功
Q2
 要求醫護人員進入加護病房一律要更換隔離衣,「理
論上」應該可以減少院內感染率?但隔離衣的成本極
高,是否真有必要?
PICO
• P: patient, problem
– 病人、問題為何
• I: intervention
– 「介入」方式為何
• C: comparison
(none,placebo)
– 可能的對照、選擇
• O: outcome
– 結果為何
• P:
– 加護病房(病人)
– ICU (intensive care unit)
• I:
– 穿著隔離衣
– Gown, gowning
• C:
– 無
• O:
– 減少院內感染率
– Nosocomial infection
Q3
 提供全民飲用水加氟以預防齲齒是安全的做法嗎?
PICO
• P: patient, problem
– 病人、問題為何
• I: intervention
– 「介入」方式為何
• C: comparison
(none,placebo)
– 可能的對照、選擇
• O: outcome
– 結果為何
• P:
– 透過公共供水取得飲用水
的族群
• I:
– 飲用水氟化
– Drinking water
fluoridation
• C:
– 無加氟
• O:
– 癌症 (cancer)
– 氟中毒 (fluorosis)
– 骨折 (fracture)