Transcript F&I War PPT
Do Now: Explain how the French and Indian War changed the colonial world. Britain’s territory in North America expands. World’s strongest empire France loses all territories in N.A. Spain loses Florida-Britain 13 colonies united Sets up stage for Revolutionary War. KEY PLAYERS COL. WASHINGTON Went on 3 different British missions to try to take Fort Duquesne. All three ended in defeat. . 1st: never even reached its destination, stopping to build Fort Necessity, which then was surrendered to French troops. 2nd: was with Gen. Edward Braddock, but the result was the same and the defeat even greater: the French smashed the British again, and Braddock was shot dead. 3rd: 1758, British and American troops set out again to take fort Duquesne only to find it burned to the ground by the retreating GEN. BRADDOCK ordered a march through the wilderness to a heavily fortified Fort Duquesne Out of the 1,400 British soldiers who were in involved in the battle, 900 of them died WILLIAM PITT Sec. of state during the French and Indian War. When the British retook Fort Duquesne, they named it Fort Pitt in honor of their Prime Minister. Pitt was responsible for financing the British war effort, largely by taxing the British colonies (including those in America). JAMES WOLFE Brilliant British general. won the two most difficult battles of the war • Louisbourg • Quebec Scouting Report (Advantages) British More settlers lived in the British colonies The British colonies were concentrated along the coast and were easier to defend Most of the English colonists were willing to fight hard to save their land Scouting Report (Advantages) French The French controlled more land in North America New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly The French sent ships with professional soldiers The French could rely on powerful Indian allies Pre- Game 1753: Both countries want control of territories West of Appalachian Mtns. GW goes West to ask the French to leave French: “No!” GW returns to VA Kickoff July 1754: Battle Ft. Necessity GW builds fort while waiting for reinforcement- Ft. Necessity (poor location) Ft. Necessity is attacked by the French and floods. British surrender. French take over and name Ft. Duquesne. st 1 Half (British Losses) 1755: Braddock’s defeat British went to attack Ft. Duquesne Confusion ensues Braddock dies, 2/3 of British army dies Fr. Keep control of ORV Change your strategy! Put yourself in Britain’s position. Its 1755 and every battle against France has been onesided. Time is running out, if you continue losing in this fashion it will be a quick war. What would you do to change your luck? (Discuss with partner) Halftime (Coaching Change) William Pitt- new sec. of state More $ into war- *eventually putting Br. In debt Sent in younger generals nd 2 Half (British Victories) 1758: Louisbourg (North St. Lawrence) Captured Ft. Louisbourg giving the British access to St. Lawrence River Captured Ft. Duquesne and rename it Fort Pitt (Pittsburgh) James Wolfe prepares to attack Quebec (Capital) nd 2 Half (British Victories) Battle of Quebec – TURNING POINT OF THE GAME British scout finds a path leading to the back of the fort (quebec) British sneak up the path during the night and attack in the morning. British capture Quebec Wolfe dies French surrender!! Postgame 1763: Treaty of Paris officially ended the F & I War. Br. gained control over area west of the 13 British Colonies all the way to the Mississippi River. Fr. agreed to give up any colonies in North America, including all of Canada. Since Spain had helped Fr., the Spanish were forced to give up Florida. But the Spanish still held their territory west of the Mississippi River and in Central and South America. MVP William Pitt Pontiac’s Rebellion After the war, Colonists settled on N.A. land. N.A. attacked all British forts Pontiac’s Rebellion- Chief Pontiac Br. Officers invited N.A. to discuss a settlement Gave them small-pox infected blankets as gifts Deadly outbreak of disease among N.A. Proclamation of 1763 Br. Realized how difficult it would be to control their vast empire Wanted to avoid further conflicts with N.A. Issue Proclamation of 1763 Colonists forbidden from settling west of Appalachian Mtns. Colonists angry Begins dispute against Great Britain……………. Exit Slip List three effects of the French and Indian War. How may the U.S. be different today if the results of the French and Indian War differed? Do Now: What was the Proclamation of 1763? What affect did the Proclamation have on the colonies? Proc. Of 1763 was a response to the Treaty of Paris & Pontiac’s Rebellion. Br. Realized how difficult it will be to control vast empire. Colonists forbidden from settling west of Appalachian Mtns. Why were the Col. so upset? Proclamation of 1763 Do Now: “It is important for us, my brothers, that we exterminate from our lands this nation which seeks only to destroy us…. Therefore my brothers, we must all swear their destruction and wait no longer”. Which side will you choose? In the 1750s war was about to break out between the French and the English. Native American tribes were faced with a tough choice. Which side would they choose? Use these facts to help you make a decision. FRENCH •Want to use your land for fur trading •Have married Native Americans and raised families with them in America BRITISH Want to use your land for fur trading and farming Think that Native Americans are “savages” •Have many missionaries living in the west that try to convert Native Americans to Want to expand their territory further to Christianity the West •Have a relatively small population in America Have a steadily growing population in America