Transcript Pensions - PSI Discourse

საპენსიო რეფორმის საჭიროება
საქართველოში
რეზო საყევარიშვილი
19 ოქტომბერი, 2010
prezentaciis struqtura
 preistoria
 sapensio modelebi
 msoflio konteqsti
 saqarTvelos konteqsti
 reformis saWiroeba
preistoria
 axali diskusiis dasawyisi _ 90-iani wlebis Sua periodi
 msoflio bankis publikacia Averting The Old Age Crisis (1994)
 ZiriTadi gamowvevebi arsebuli sapensio sistemebisTvis:
 adamianis sicocxlis xangrZlivobis gazrda
 demografiuli problemebis (SromiTi resursebis dabereba) mateba
 solidaruli sapensio sistemebis (Pay-As-You-Go) deficitis zrda
preistoria (gagrZeleba)
 msoflio banki (World Bank)
 Sromis msoflio organizacia (ILO)
 socialuri usafrTxoebis saerTaSoriso asociacia (International Social Security
Association)
konsensusis formula _ `universaluri recepti ar arsebobs, yvela qveyanam unda
aarCios erovnul specifikasa da ekonomikis ganviTarebis doneze damyarebuli
sakuTari modeli”
sapensio sistemis modelebi
 solidarul principze
 dagrovebiT principze
 Sereuli
msoflio konteqsti
wyaroebi:
 Measuring the pressure on EU pensions systems (AON
Consulting)
 National Institute on Aging (USA)
 Eurostat
 Standard&Poor’s
msoflio konteqsti (gagrZeleba)
 mosaxleobis daberebis da pensiaze adre gasvlis gamo sapensio sistemebis
stabiluroba mcirdeba
 ekonomikuri krizisis da SromiTi resursebis Semcirebis gamo, saxelmwifo
pensiebi sul ufro naklebad Seesabameba cxovrebis dones
 korporatiuli pensiebis odenoba izrdeba, magram arasakmarisi tempebiT
prognozebi
 65 wlamde asakis mosaxleobis odenoba 2040 wlamde dRevandeli 7%-dan
14%-16% mde gaizrdeba
 dasavleT evropaSi 17,8% dan 28,1% mde
 yvelaze metad gaizrdeba 80 + asakovanTa ricxvi
 dasavleT evropaSi 85 wels zemoT _ 4,9%dan 9,3%mde
prognozebi
 Old age dependency ratio (65 wlis da ufrosi asakis Sefardeba 15-64
wlamde asakis mosaxleobasTan) evrokavSiris 27 qveyanaSi dReavandeli saSualo
25%-dan 2040 wlisTvis 45%-mde, 2060 wlisTvis ki 53%-mde gaizrdeba
 evrokavSiris 27 qveyanaSi sapensio xarjebi mSp-s 9,1%-s Seadgens. sapensio
reformebis ganuxorcieleblobis SemTxvevaSi maTi wili 2040 wlisTvis 11,1%-mde
gaizrdeba.
gamosavali
 saxelmwifo sapensio danaxarjebis optimizacia:
 sapensio asakis gazrda
 “gamonaklisebis” gauqmeba
 dagrovebiTi sapensio sqemebis stimulireba
 magaliTebi:
 safrangeTi
 eqtoneTi
saqarTvelo – dRevandeli mdgomareoba
 saqarTveloSi arsebuli sistema arc erT ZiriTad 3 models ar Seesabameba
 kanoni saxelmwifo pensiebis Sesaxeb
 kanoni arasaxelmwifo sapensio dazRvevisa da uzrunvelyofis Sesaxeb
 swrafva evropisken – evropuli qartiis CarCo
saqarTvelo – dRevandeli mdgomareoba
 sapensio asakis mosaxleoba – saerTo mosaxleobis 16,6%
 sicocxlis xangrZlivoba – 76,72
 pensias Rebulobs sapensio asakis mosaxleobis 90%
 pensiis moculoba – 80 lari
 sapensio danaxarji – 2010 wlis saxelmwifo biujetis 12,6%
saqarTvelo – dRevandeli mdgomareoba
 asakovani mosaxleoba:
 sapensio asakis mosaxleoba gaizarda 4 %-iT 2000-2009 ww
 85+ gaizarda 57%-iT
 bavSvebi:
 0-15 wlamde bavSvebis ricxovnoba Semcirda 20%-iT 2000-2009 ww
 bavSvTa sikvdilianoba 16,22 (saS.evropuli 5,6)
 migracia: - 50,000 adamiani 2000-2009 ww
 dasaqmeba/umuSevroba:
 4,3%-iT gazarda umuSevroba 2004-2009 ww
 13%-iT Semcirda formalur seqtorSi dasaqmebulTa ricxvi 2000-2009 ww
gamowvevebi:
 sapensio garantireba ar aris institucionalizebuli
 mosaxleoba berdeba
 sabiujeto wnexi izrdeba
 saxelmwifo biujeti ver izrdeba
 sxva socialuri valdebulebebi izrdeba
sapensio repormis miznebi
ღირსეული
სიბერე
სიღარიბის
დაძლევა
problemis mogvarebis SesaZlo gzebi:
 sapensio asakis momateba
 gamonTavisuflebuli fulis mimarTva pensionerTa socialur saWiroebebisaken
 sapensio valdebulebebis institucionalizacia:
 kanonmdeblobaSi mkafio valdebulebebis asaxva
 sapensio saxsrebis finansuri wyaros identificireba
 asakiT pensiis integracia socialuri daxmarebis erTian sistemaSi
 kerZo dagrovebiTi sqemebis ganviTarebis stimulireba
sadiskusio kiTxvebi
 arsebuli realobidan gamomdinare, saWiroa Tu ara sapensio uzrunvelyofis
sistemuri cvlileba?
 siRaribis daZlevis miznobriobis gazrdisTvis SesaZlebelia Tu ara asakiT
pensiis integracia socialuri daxmarebis erTian sistemaSi?
mosalodnelia Tu ara sapensio sistemis efeqtianobis zrda dagrovebiTi
komponentis gaZlierebiT?