Transcript Questioned Documents PPT

Questioned Documents
Questioned
Document
 Any object with handwriting or print whose source or
authenticity is in doubt.
Hitler’s Diaries
Document
Examiners
 A match is a subjective and is based on the examiners opinion and
expertise.
 Individual evidence.
 Everyone’s is unique
Handwriting
Zaner-Bloser System
Palmer System
Handwriting
Analysis
 The Hardware – ink, pens, paper, pencils, typewriters, printer…
 Visual Examination of the writing
 Things to look for:
Variations in
Handwriting
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Angularity
Slope
Speed
Pressure
Spacing (within words and between)
Size of letters
Connections
Pen movement (lifts or letter connections)
Writing skill
Dexterity
Flourishes/Embellishments
Diatric Placement (dotting I’s and crossing T’s)
Other
Considerations
 Arrangement of writing on page
 Diction and Syntax
 Alcohol/drugs
Exemplars
 Known writing samples for comparison.
What
Exemplars
Must Contain
 Same word and letter combinations as questioned document
 Length needs to be sufficient to show range of natural writing
variations
 Paper and writing implement needs to be the similar/same.
Methods of
Forgery
 Simulated forgery : one made by copying a genuine
signature
 Traced forgery : one made by tracing a genuine signature
 Blind forgery : made without a model of the signature
Genuine Mickey
Mantle
Simulated
Forgery
Traced from
genuine
signature
Transcript
Comparisons
 Did document come from same printer, copier, or fax machine.
 Use of printing devices create individual characteristics
 Tool Marks
 Transitory Defect Marks
Things to Look
For
 Fax machine headers
 Toner
 Toner application methods
 Mechanical and printing characteristics