Transcript Intro to Ornithology 2010.ppt

ART
1
Montezuma Quail
2
ART
“Bird-Man of Lascaux”
(17,000 yrs ago)
ART
Egypt
Cambodia
19
20
21
Australia
ART
Inca
Aztec
23
22
Pacific Northwest
ART
Navajo
Inuit
18
24
25
DANCE
Choctaw Eagle Dance
Taos Eagle Dance
26
27
DANCE
“Swan Lake”
31
LITERATURE
LITERATURE
28
29
FILMS
31
43
CARTOONS
32
FOOD
Great Auk
9
Neanderthal (50,000-90,000 yrs ago)
10
8
FOOD
11
First Duck Decoys (3,500 to 1,000 years ago)
(Lovelock Cave, Nevada)
FOOD
20
(Red Junglefowl)
Chicken Domestication:
• India: 3200 B.C.
• Egypt: 1500 B.C.
15
FOOD
13
Cortes Expedition (1519)
14
16
“Ornithology” – Study of Birds
3
Aristotle
(324 – 322 BC)
4
Aristotle: Nest Parasitism
European Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus)
6
5
Aristotle: Migration
7
“THE ART OF FALCONRY”
Emperor Frederick II of Hohenstaufen (1248)
Christopher Columbus (1492)
(Observations in the Bahamas)
Oct. 8 – There were many small
Land-birds and {the sailors] took
one which was flying to the south-west.
There were jays, ducks, and a pelican.
Cabeza de Vaca (1528)
(Observations in Florida)
“Geese in great numbers. Ducks, mallards,
royal ducks, flycatchers, night herons and
Partridges abound. We saw many falcons,
Gerfalcons, sparrowhawks, merlins”
Castenada (1541-1542)
(Coronado
Expedition)
• Observed turkeys and eagles in Arizona
• Observed
cranes, geese, crows, and blackbirds
•in New Mexico
John White (1585)
(Roanoke, VA Colony)
Paints series of watercolors
of birds (not shown)
34
William Bradford (1630-1646)
(Governor of Plymouth, MA colony)
Noted abundant wild turkey
and waterfowl populations in 1621,
decreases in waterfowl populations’
thereafter.
33
Francis Willughby (1678)
“The Ornithology of Francis Willughby”
35
36
Mark Catesby (1712-1719; 1722-1726)
“The Natural History of Carolina, Florida,
and the Bahama Islands”
37
Eagle proposed as Official Symbol of the United States
(1776)
Benjamin Franklin wrote:
I wish that the bald eagle had not been chosen as the representative of our
country, he is a bird of bad moral character, he does not get his living honestly,
you may have seen him perched on some dead tree, where, too lazy to fish for
himself, he watches the labor of the fishing-hawk, and when that diligent bird
has at length taken a fish, and is bearing it to its nest for the support of his mate
and young ones, the bald eagle pursues him and takes it from him.... Besides
he is a rank coward; the little kingbird, not bigger than a sparrow attacks him
boldly and drives him out of the district. He is therefore by no means a proper
emblem for the brave and honest. . . of America.. . . For a truth, the turkey is in
comparison a much more respectable bird, and withal a true original native of
America . . . a bird of courage, and would not hesitate to attack a grenadier of
the British guards, who should presume to invade his farmyard with a red coat
on
Alexander Wilson (early 1800s)
“American Ornithology” (8 volumes)
38
*320 Species of American Birds on
76 Plates (Crowded)
39
*Detailed observations, notes on
colors of fresh specimens, etc.
John James Audubon (1827-1838)
“Birds of America”(4 Volumes, 435 Engravings)
• Birds painted from fresh specimens
• Birds often painted in habitat context
40
41
Audubon’s Oriole
Yellow-Rumped Warbler
(Audubon’s Warbler)
51
52
Lewis and Clark Expedition (Early 1800s)
44
45
Lewis and Clark (Continued)
47
46
Lewis’s Woodpecker
49
Clark’s Nutcracker
48
Additional Expeditions West (1800s)
52
53
Cassin’s Finch
54
Baird’s Sparrow
55
American Ornithological Union (AOU)
(National Organization formed in 1883 by 23 men)
• Committee
on Bird Migration
• Committee on Classification
and Nomenclature
• Committee
• Publish
56
on Conservation
“The Auk”
AOU: Large Scale Collection of Census Data
61
AOU: Bird Banding
69
70
AOU Decision
“Western Grebe”
OR
58
57
“Clark’s Grebe” “Western Grebe”
AOU Decision
“Green Heron”, “Green-Backed Heron”
60
“Northern Oriole”, “Baltimore Oriole”
59
AOU: Concern over Bird Population Decline
Passenger Pigeon
62
Carolina Parakeet
Audubon Society (Formed in late 1800s)
• Similar to AOU
• Emphasis on Local Chapters
• Focus on Public Awareness
• Sponsor Christmas Bird Count
• Publish Audubon Magazine
63
Feather Ornamentation
65
64
Field Guides (Early 1900s)
68
66
•
67
Emphasis on Key Characteristics
Ornithology as an Academic Pursuit
(Early 1900s)
71
Speciation
Intraspecific Competition
74
Interspecific Competition, Niche Partitioning
Breeding Systems
Cooperative Breeding
Class Aves (Birds)
~ 9700 Species Worldwide
~31 Orders
~ 175 Families
Order Sphenisciformes (Penguins)
•Emperor Penguins dive up to 1600 ft and hold breaths
for up to 15 minutes
Order Caprimulgiformes
• OIlbirds
use echolocation to navigate within caves
Order Falconiformes
• Peregrine
falcons can fly 100 - 270 mph!
Order Falconiformes
• Ruppell’s
Vulture can soar up to 37,000 ft
1 http://www.dl-digital.com/images/West-Texas/DSC_3249-bird-quail1.jpg
2 http://www-tc.pbs.org/wgbh/sisterwendy/works/images/mfa_mim.jpg
3 http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/ponyexpress/pony13_1/PE131steadmanbird_web.jpg
4 http://www.stenudd.com/myth/greek/images/aristotle.jpg
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6 http://www.retamatour.com/web/02web/fauna/fichas/fotos/aves/
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7 http://breakspics.mysite.wanadoo-members.co.uk/
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8 http://www.rdg.ac.uk/biomim/personal/richard/guinea_bones.jpg
9 http://www.todayinsci.com/Events/Animals/GreatAuk.jpg
10 http://a.abcnews.com/images/Technology/nm_neanderthal_071018_ms.jpg
11 http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/archaeology/sites/images/duck.gif
12 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Red_junglefowl_hm.jpg
13 http://www.pbs.org/conquistadors/images/cortes_pix/cortes4_3.jpg
14 http://chipolaalpacas.com/db5/00414/chipolaalpacas.com/_uimages/
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15 http://www.wilsonsalmanac.com/images/cortes1.jpg
16 http://www.surfnetkids.com/images/thanksgiving-turkey.jpg
17 http://watarts.uwaterloo.ca/~acheyne/bird_files/image001.jpg
18 http://www.totem-pole.net/images/totem_pole_3.jpg
19 http://www1.istockphoto.com/file_thumbview_approve/1200327/
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20 http://angkorblog.com/db1/00087/angkorblog.com/_uimages/
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21 http://www.karinya.com/images/Emu1.jpg
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23 http://www.logosportswear.com/cgi-images/MI1724.JPG
24 http://www.arcticravengallery.com/inuit/images_07/TSharkey_Bird_C.jpg
25 http://www.plexusowls.com/owls/owlart_kuchina.jpg
26 http://americanart.si.edu/images/1985/1985.66.449_1b.jpg
27 http://blankinship-web.com/intertribal/P_de_Taos_Eagle_Dancers_003.jpg
28 http://images.amazon.com/images/P/0061120081.01.LZZZZZZZ.jpg
29 http://www.nebraskahistory.org/images/oversite/store/catalog4/
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30 http://site.missiondelrey.com/images/semanasanta.jpg
31 http://www.balet.by/performances/swan_lake2.jpg
32 http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/t/3/t3b/Tom'smediafolder/
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33 http://www.etsu.edu/cas/history/resources/Private/Faculty/
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34 http://www.she-philosopher.com/images/gallery/exhibits/
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35 http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en-commons/thumb
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36 http://www.library.usyd.edu.au/libraries/rare/modernity/images/
willughby3-1.jpg
37 http://www.learner.org/jnorth/images/graphics/a-b/RedwingCatesby.jpg
38 http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en-commons/thumb/
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39 http://www.audubonart.com/images/Catalog/wil/wil_050_01.jpg
40 http://www.ursusbooks.com/thumbnail.php?img=./itemimages/
28256a.jpg&maxwidth=700
41 http://www.amphilsoc.org/library/mole/a/audubon.jpg
42 http://spencer.lib.ku.edu/exhibits/gould/titlepic%20copy.jpg
43 http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/5195D5V94QL._AA280_.jpg
44 http://www.gearthblog.com/images/lewisandclark.jpg
45 http://celebrating200years.noaa.gov/magazine/lewis_clark/lewis_clark_569.j
46 http://www.eicsd.k12.ny.us/staffweb/jdejohn/Social%20Studies/
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47 http://www.birds.cornell.edu/crows/images/calmsp6a.jpg
48 http://www.mcssb.com/photos/Birds/ClarksNutcracker.jpg
49 http://www.monasheetourism.com/Pictures/Lewis_s_Woodpecker.jpg
50 http://pie.midco.net/tigerbeetle/TigerBeetle/miscphotos/Colorado/
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51 http://birdsbybaranoff.com/images/06sb0460-1-audubon-oriole-a.jpg
52 http://www1.istockphoto.com/file_thumbview_approve/3280372/2/
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53 http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en/a/a7/Uploco.jpg
54 http://research.unc.edu/endeavors/fall2005/images/finch.jpg
55 http://content.ornith.cornell.edu/UEWebApp/images/GWL_021104_
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56 http://www.nmnh.si.edu/BIRDNET/OC/AOUWP.GIF
57 http://sdakotabirds.com/species/photos/western_grebe.jpg
58 http://www.towhee.net/hf-images/len-blumin/cl-grebe.jpg
59 http://www.fnal.gov/ecology/wildlife/pics/Green_Heron.jpg
60 http://www.learner.org/jnorth/www/graphics/oriole.19.jpg
61 http://www.lib.niu.edu/ipo/2000/oi0012123.jpg
62 http://www.carolinanature.com/birds/capapapi3807.jpg
63 http://www.dayton.net/audubon/minlogo3.jpg
64 http://americanhistory.si.edu/feather/images/A2l.jpg
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69 http://www.tetonscience.org/blogs/GS/wp-content/uploads/2007/07/banding1.jpg
70 http://www.sdgfp.info/Wildlife/Diversity/birdbanding/catbird_band.jpg
71 http://www.eagleoptics.com/images/Articles07/cornell_sponsor_200px.jpg
72 http://biology.unm.edu/ccouncil/Biology_203/Images/
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73 http://www.agen.ufl.edu/~chyn/age2062/lect/lect_27/39_20.GIF
74 http://jrscience.wcp.muohio.edu/birds/ohio_birds/images/
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75 http://www.sibleynaturecenter.org/photoessays/prairiechickens/07.jpg
76 http://pictopia.com/perl/get_image?provider_id=
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