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IT Doesn’t Matter Nicholas C. Carr Introduction • Information technology (IT) is becoming more common in the lives of many people whether at home or at work. Companies nowadays depend heavily on IT functions such as data processing, data storage, and data transport so as to compete with others and become successful in the business world. • People who work in the companies are expected to know the strategic of value of information technology and how to use it with efficiency to produce better results. 企業對IT比重 • 1965~1979 企業使用IT比例佔資本支出5% • 1980~1989 企業使用IT比例攀升至15% • 1990~1999 企業使用IT比例佔資本支出超過30% • 2000後 全球企業使用IT超過2兆美金 Information Technologies • There are two kinds of IT • Proprietary Technologies • Infrastructural Technologies. 數大不見得美 • 大量投資導致競爭激烈，產能大幅提升， 價格不斷下滑 • IT商品化，專利建設的優勢難以長期延續 • IT容易被複製，淪為毫無經濟利益的癈物 • 網際網路取代大型商業科技供應商，IT產 業不斷合併，最後無情地衰退 Smart Vendors • Of all the business leaders in the world today, many have foreseen the result of the rapid changes of information technology. Hence, they are also readjusting themselves to the new market economy. Major suppliers of IT, such as Microsoft and IBM, are finding other ways to attract consumers. Microsoft knows that companies cannot always upgrade their software, so it is thinking of providing an annual software subscription to keep the companies from turning to others. Also, companies like eBay has gained an advantage over others by its innovation of online auctions, which has effectively drawn numerous consumers to its website. New rules for IT Management • As information technology makes changes in the market, companies also need to make changes in order to survive. The following explains three rules to which a company should take heed. 1. Spend less. Big investments rarely give you good financial results. It is harder to gain an advantage now because IT is so widespread. A company should be aware of their investments so as to prevent enormous debts. 2. Follow others, don’t lead. According to Moore’s Law, the longer you wait to make an IT purchase, the more you will get for your money. Waiting can also decrease your risks of buying useless things. New Rules for IT Management II 3. Focus on vulnerabilities, not opportunities. Be prepared for technical glitches, outages, and security breaches. Opportunities for gaining an advantage are diminishing because IT is becoming more affordable and accessible to every company. Therefore, it is better to take precautions and focus more on defense than offense. IT管理新規則 • 一，減少支出：大投資無法完成好財政 • 二，追隨即可，不可主導：依據〔摩爾定 律〕，等待購買新產品，可以省錢 及降低投資風險 • 三，鎖定弱點，而非機會：採取防備措施 優於進攻 Conclusion • How does a company become successful? The answer lies in making the right investments. Some business owners worry that without the up-to-date technologies, they might not succeed. But what is more important is the ability to distinguish essential investments from unnecessary spending. Companies should be willing to explore cheaper solutions. • Walmart and Dell purchased the right technologies after they ruled out the useless ones. Smart thinking is the key to success in today’s market economy.