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Limits of Acceptable Change 可接受的改變限度 Key Issues to LAC • Monitoring監督 is a particularly important part of the LAC process p. 154 二(1) when? • 主觀性，指標的標準如何制定? • 眾多利害關係人，誰制定? • Ongoing public participation needs to involved with, p. 154 三(後3) • Identification of indicators指標的認定 • 缺乏通用性的指標，indicators would be site-specific for particular environmental attributes at specific locations p. 156 三(後 2) • Selection of indicators could follow some guidelines原則, Table 5.3, p. 123 • Challenge to managers is to differentiate between natural variations and recreation impacts p. 156 四(4) 以及identify base line or reference points參考點, p. 156 四(6) • How to determine? • Sampling 取樣 of Monitoring – frequency, sampling sites and consistency p. 157 一(5) • 唯一弱點 – 鼓勵”people are a problem” 的觀點 p. 158 一(4) • Primary goal of resource management: p. 157 (小字後1) Conclusions • If applied sensitively and constructively, the LAC process would be a valuable tool, p 158 二(3) • Managers can modify the LAC process, if necessary過程是可修正的 二(7) • Public participation is essential 二(後7) • LAC is not a comprehensive park management plan; rather a visitor management process p. 158 二(後4) Application of LAC • LAC of 蘭嶼 • Wild and scenic rivers • Management of public lands Wild and scenic rivers • A conceptual context for integrated resource management on a catchment basis 流域 in New South Wales, p. 159 一(3) • Challenge – resolve increasing demand for water between competing uses 一(4) • Nymboida River and its upper gorge is renowned for its wild and scenic characteristic – p. 159 二(4) • 使用者多 二(6) • ownership and control are shared • 複雜的資源環境和競爭性使用 • Community and agency coordinate to set the accepted criteria and management objectives • Table 6.6, p. 160 • River setting classes and accepted levels of disturbance, Table 6.7, p. 161 • The point is • p. 160 一(後3) Management of public lands • Prepare a management plan for public lands and reserves to protect and restore the resource base, while assuring diverse and high-quality opportunities for outdoor recreation for Wallis Island in NSW, p. 161 一(2) • Waterways and lake system p. 161 (後1) • Mix of residential, commercial development and natural areas, p. 163, Figure 6.4 • Key concerns - p. 162 一(1) • Growing needs for recreation 一(4) • Modification to low impact recreational use p. 162 一(後2) • Concern environmental attributes and recreation experiences, 設定兩類 Management classes – natural and seminatural, p. 164, 二(3) Figure 6.5 • Table 6.8, LAC – Indicators (resource, social) and measurement p. 162 三(4) • Recreation development: p. 162 五(4) • Management strategies: