National Innovation Systems and Research Outsourcing
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Transcript National Innovation Systems and Research Outsourcing
National Innovation Systems
and the Outsourcing of
Research
Conference on Global R&D in China
Nanjing, May 27-29, 2005
Richard P. Suttmeier
University of Oregon
[email protected]
The “NIS” Concept
Innovation as systemic phenomenon
The relevance of institutional and
cultural legacies
The “national” in “NIS”
NIS and the globalization of
innovation
Contradictions?
“Outsourcing”
Markets, hierarchies, transaction
costs, and the search for
“complementary assets”
The changed calculus
• The IT revolution
• Challenges of innovation
• “Global” diffusion of S&T capabilities
Rethinking the “boundary of the
firm”
Outsourcing R&D and NIS
Companies and countries
The inevitable tensions between
“source” and “target”
Enhancing NIS through technoglobalism ?
• Managing tensions through domestic
compensatory measures
• Harmonization of international norms
“Win-win” outcomes?
The China Case
NIS characteristics
• Capable research system
• Weak industrial innovation tradition
• Research – production gap
• IPR, VC problems
Trajectory of Chinese NIS(?)
• “Enterprise - centered” (model 1)
• “Networked” (no center) (model 2)
Foreign R&D in China
Add value to NIS
• Exploit under-utilized talent
• Incubate talent
• Capitalize innovation
• Illustrate how to close the research –
production gap
• Demonstrate network management
• Reinforce “model 2”
• Promote harmonization of norms
Questions
Relative and absolute gains
Are national compensatory policies
consistent with the network “imperatives”
of outsourcing?
Foreign R&D and International
Cooperation in S&T (ICST)
• “Spillovers”
• Effects on “self-organizing communities”
• Business models and the “intellectual
commons”