Transcript Systems Development Management Controls Chapter 4

Systems Development
Management Controls
Chapter 4
Approaches to Auditing Systems
Development
Three types of Audits of the systems development
process :
1. Concurrent audit
2. Postimplementation audit
3. General audit
Normative Models of The Systems
Development Process
•
Systems Development Life-Cycle Approach :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Feasibility study
Information analysis
System design
Program development
Procedures & forms development
Acceptance testing
Conversion
Operation & maintenance
Sociotechnical Design Approach
Social System
High quality of
Working life
Interaction
Joint
optimization
Technical
System
High task
accomplishment
Major phases in the sociotechnical system design
process
Management of
The change process
Social
Systems
Design
Diagnosis
And
entry
Adjustment of
Coordinating
mechanisms
Implementation
Task
Systems
Design
• Political Approach
start
Historical analysis
To determine
Power structure
no
Will
Proposed system
Change power
Structure ?
User
participation
continue
Yes
Face to face
Negotiation &
compromise
•
Soft-Systems Approach
Soft system methodology involves :
1. Recognize the problem situation
2. Express the problem situation
3. Produce ‘root definitions’ of relevant systems
4. Develop conceptual models of relevant systems
5. Compare conceptual models with perceived problem
situation
6. Identify desirable and feasible changes
7. Take action to improve problem situation
•
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Prototyping Approach
•
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Contingency Approach
Elicit user requirements
Design prototype
Implement prototype
Use prototype
Build production system
Social systems impact
Task system impact
System size
Commonality
Requirements uncertainty
Technological uncertainty
Evaluating The Major Phases in The Systems
Development Process
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Problem / opportunity definition
Management of the change process
Entry and feasibility assessment
Analysis of the existing system
Formulation of strategic requirements
Organizational and job design
Information processing systems design
Application software acquisition and development
Hardware/system software acquisition
Procedures development
Acceptance testing
Conversion
Operation and maintenance