Transcript Chapter 19 Notes

The Growth of Industry
CHAPTER 19
SECTION 1: RAILROADS LEAD THE WAY!
(PAGE 551)
S.1 Question
 How did the railways pave the way for the
expansion of industry in the West?
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TRAINS!
INFLUENCE OF TRAINS
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Civil War?
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Moved troops and
supplies
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After the War?
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Lines expanded to help
with trade and
rebuilding.
163,000 miles of track
by 1900!
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RAILROADS IN SONG
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John Henry
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I’ve been working on the
railroad
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http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=HGglKPqG16s
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http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=PpZMqCiD_Nw
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Buggs clip 30 sec.
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http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=CrRFOCM9XtE
Rr clip 2 min or so.
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9 minutes
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QUIZ ITEM
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Consolidation
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Practice of large RR
companies buying
smaller companies
Other examples?
Internet?
Cable?
Cell phone companies…?
QUIZ ITEM
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Railroad Barons
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Cornelius Vanderbilt
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History Channel clip
The Men Who Built America: The
Rise of Cornelius Vanderbilt (3:47)
TV-G
Discover how a steamboat captain
built a railroad empire.
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http://www.history.com/shows/me
n-who-built-america/videos/themen-who-built-america-the-rise-ofcornelius-vanderbilt#the-men-whobuilt-america-the-rise-of-corneliusvanderbilt
HOW DID THE RAILROADS INCREASE GROWTH
IN INDUSTRY?
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Raw Materials: coal,
iron ore, and timber to
factories
Move manufactured
good to markets
Transport produce from
farms
CONNECTING AMERICA
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Standard Gauge
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Same width of RR track,
4 feet, 8.5 inches
STANDARD GAUGE
RR TECHNOLOGY IMPROVES
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Air brakes
Couplers
Refrigerated cars
Sleeping cars
Dining cars
QUIZ ITEM
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Rebates
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Secret discounts to the
largest customers
HOW DID THE RAILWAYS PAVE THE WAY FOR
THE EXPANSION OF INDUSTRY IN THE WEST?
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Write your answer here:
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Draw a picture related to
your response:
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Share with a neighbor!
End section 1 notes.
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SECTION 2 NOTES CHAPTER 19
Inventions!
 How did inventions change the way Americans
lived?
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INVENTIONS
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Samuel B. Morse
invented?
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Telegraph
INVENTIONS
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Alexander Graham Bell invented?
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Telephone!
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The Birth of Telecommunications
(4:11) TV-PG
Alexander Graham Bell thought he
was on to something, but no one
wanted his new invention. Hear the
first messages to travel by wire and
through the air.
http://www.history.com/topics/alex
ander-graham-bell/videos#thetelegraph-and-telephone
INVENTIONS
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Thomas Edison invented?
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Light bulb!
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http://www.history.com/topic
s/thomasedison/videos#thomasedison
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http://www.history.com/topic
s/thomasedison/videos#light-bulbturns-night-into-day
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http://www.history.com/topic
s/thomasedison/videos#edisonsfailed-inventions
INVENTIONS
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Henry Ford improved…
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The ways cars were
made so they were less
expensive
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http://www.history.com/t
opics/henryford/videos#great-mindsof-business-henry-ford
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http://www.history.com/t
opics/henryford/videos#henry-fordand-the-model-t
INVENTIONS
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The Wright Brothers
were the first to…
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Fly an airplane!
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How did the various
inventions change the
way Americans lived?
Assignment: Categorize
the inventions on a piece
of notebook paper!
SECTION 3, C.19, THE AGE OF BIG BUSINESS
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How did big business
change the way
Americans lived?
This time period in
history is referred to as
the “guilded age.”
What is guilded?
Who prospered?
Who did not?
What is the result?
THE CORPORATION
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What is a corporation?
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A company that sells
shares or stock to the
public
FACEBOOK
QUIZ ITEM
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What are dividends?
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A reward or cash
payment for investing in
the company stock
THE OIL BUSINESS
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John D. Rockefeller
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Formed a company
called Standard Oil.
(Kerosene)
STANDARD OIL
STANDARD OIL
THE STEEL BUSINESS
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Andrew Carnegie
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Made steel at a lower cost
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Sidenote: Pittsburgh
Steelers
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J.P. Morgan bought
Carnegie’s steel company
for 450 Million.
First Billion $ company in
the U.S.
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WHAT TO DO WITH ALL OF THE MONEY?
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Philanthropy
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Use of money to benefit
the community
Sidenotes: Carnegie
donated over 350M,
Carnegie Hall in NYC
Rockefeller, money for
medical research and
started the University of
Chicago
CORPORATIONS (BIG BUSINESS)
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Sherman Anti-Trust Act
of 1890
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This was the first attempt
to limit the power of
monopolies
WHAT IS THE PROBLEM WITH MONOPOLIES?
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Prices?
Quality?
Competition?
Cell phones?
Other products?
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Section summary?
How did big business
change the life of
Americans?
End section 3.
THE MEN WHO BUILT AMERICA
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The Men Who Built
America: Traits of a
Titan (3:37) TV-G
Today's business
leaders reflect on the
character and
inspiration that many of
America's first titans of
industry all had in
common.
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http://www.history.com/
shows/men-who-builtamerica/videos/themen-who-built-americathe-rise-of-corneliusvanderbilt#the-men-whobuilt-america-traits-of-atitan
SECTION 4 INDUSTRIAL WORKERS
Challenges for workers:
 Big factories
 Less personal
 Long work day (10-12 hours)
 6 day work week
 Fired for no reason
 Could be replaced by immigrants who were
willing to take less pay
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WORKING CONDITIONS
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Sweatshops
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Garment workers who
toiled in crowded
factories and ruined their
eyesight by sewing in
poor light for many hours
CHILD LABOR
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Laws to protect children
were often ignored by
employers
Law: 12 years old, not
work more than 10 hours
per day.
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Jacob Riis (2:07) TV-PG
Learn how photographer
Jacob Riis changed the
lives of New York Citiy's
poor by exposing how they
were forced to live.
http://www.history.com/to
pics/triangle-shirtwaistfire/videos#jacob-riis
LABOR UNIONS BEGIN TO FORM. WHY?
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Trade Unions
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Groups that formed
because they worked in
the same type of job
UNIONS BEGIN TO GROW
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Collective bargaining
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The union represents the
workers when bargaining
with manangement.
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Sidenote: Some unions
are allowed to strike
Triangle Shirt Company
Fire, Co. locked the
doors so workers
couldn’t leave early. 150
died in a fire.
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THE UNIONS TAKE ACTION
Railroad strike of 1877:
Strikebreakers were hired
to replace striking
workers. Led to violence
MORE UNION ACTION
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Haymarket Square Riot
in Chicago 1886
Workers were protesting
the killing of 4 strikes
Someone threw a bomb
that killed 7 policemen.
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http://www.youtube.com
/watch?v=VKkEl9XzjFc
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Pbs 8 minute clip
MORE UNION ACTION
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Homestead Strike:
Carnegie cut worker’s
wages hoping to break
the union, led to riots
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http://www.youtube.com
/watch?v=r5j2Zm353cY
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Pinkertons
MORE UNION ACTION
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Pullman Strike of 1894:
Railway plant workers in
Chicago went on strike
due to cut in wages.
President Cleveland
sent troops to end the
strike. A big hit to the
labor movement.
End section 4.
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Summarize the labor
movement. Include a
picture in the space
below.