Transcript Innovationsin Pulses Promotion to Farmers: Dr. K.V.Sarvesh, Director
INNOVATIONS IN PULSES PROMOTION TO FARMERS
Dr. K.V.Sarvesh
Director of Agriculture Karnataka State
PULSES : Indian Scenario
India is the world’s largest producer, consumer and importer.
India’s total pulse production hovers at an average of 14-15 millions tonnes in a crop year.
Total consumption is 17-19 million tonnes. Pulses account for less than 8% of the total food grain production of India.
Stagnant production from past 20 years.
Per capita consumption is declining. (from 60 g in 1950-51 to 32 g at present)
Major Pulse Crops of Karnataka
•
Kharif Redgram: 8.91 lakh. Ha.
Greengram: 4.04 lakh ha.
Blackgram: 1.28 lakh ha.
Cow pea and others: 3.95 lakh ha.
** Rabi Bengal gram: 9.6 lakh ha.
* The productivity of Kharif Pulses depends on early onset of monsoon ** Productivity of Rabi pulses depends on storage of sub soil moisture
Summer ; 0,08 Area in lakh ha.
Rabi; 11,31 Kharif ; 16,39
Major Issues / Constraints in Pulse Production
More than 90% of Pulses are grown under rainfed condition and crop suffer due to moisture stress during critical stages Pulses are generally grown in low fertility soils , grown mostly as inter – crop/ mixed crops/ relay crops Suffer due to major pests (Pod borer) and diseases (Wilt, SMD, Powdery mildew and rust) causing yield losses upto 50% Insufficient availability of quality seeds (Low Seed Replacement Ratio) Lack of mechanization for sowing , harvesting and processing Inadequate facilities for marketing, storage and value addition.
BRIDGING THE YIELD GAPS IN PULSES
Existence of High variation amongst :Theoretical potential yield, Experimental station yield, Potential farm yield and Actual farm yield Attempt made by GoK to study in bridging the yield gaps particularly, potential farm yield and Actual farm yield. “Bridging yield gaps in major Agricultural crops Strategies for Karnataka” was brought out during 2010 Major production constraints were identified and strategies to increase production have been evolved
TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS
Introduction of New varieties in different Pulse crops TS3R, BSMR1, BRG2 in redgram, Greengram, JG14, Jaki 9218 in Bengalgram Selection-4 in Large scale soil testing for micro-nutrients status (96,000 samples drawn on stratified random sampling method) Launching of web based soil atlas Issue of soil fertility cards to all farmers New crop establishment technologies in redgram transplanting(4500ha.), dibbling (10000 ha.) and such as alteration of planting geometry such as wider spacing and intercropping systems Introduction of Drip Irrigation system (4000 ha.)
SOIL FERTILITY MAP & SOIL HEALTH CARD
Soil Health An Important Driver for Enhancing Productivity: Widespread Deficiencies of Micronutrients Percentage of farmers’ fields deficient in soil nutrients in different states of India
State No. of farmers’ fields Org.C
% Av. P ppm K ppm S ppm B ppm Zn ppm Andhra Pradesh 1927 84 39 12 87 88 81 Karnataka 1260 58 49 18 85 76 72 Madhya Pradesh Rajasthan Gujarat Tamilnadu Kerala 73 179 82 119 28 9 22 12 57 11 86 40 60 51 21 1 9 10 24 7 96 64 46 71 96 65 43 100 89 100 93 24 82 61 18
Preparation of seedlings for transplantation method of planting in Redgram
C. DRIP IRRIGATION IN REDGRAM.
Adoption of drip irrigation in transplanted redgram fields has enabled to enhance yield levels in transplanted redgram.
Yield recorded in transplanted redgram plots: upto 45 -50 qtl/ha.
D) INTERCROPPING WITH DIFFERENT CROPS:
•Intercropping system with different crop combination serves as insurance against failure of one or the other crop due to moisture stress/uneven • distribution of rainfall.
Different intercropping systems adopted in the state are:
Redgram : Greengram Chickpea : Jowar Redgram : Jowar Redgram : Groundnut Redgram : Groundnut Redgram : Sesamum vi)Redgram : Sunflower
INTER CROPPING
Tur + Sesamum Tur + Sunflower
ZERO TILL AGE IN BENGAL GRAM AFTER MAIZE IN BELLARY DISTRICT
Standing crop of Redgram dibbled plot
Standing Transplanted Redgram crop
EXTENSION INITIATIVES
Raitha Samparka Kendras (RSKs) established at sub block level for effective transfer of technology (747) Farmer facilitators one for every 500 ha. block – 10,000 persons engaged Farmers Field Schools are organized one for each block of 500 ha. 50,000 lead farmers are also engaged Capacity building of facilitators / lead farmers / farmers on pulse growing technologies at sub block / taluk and district levels Dissemination of technologies through mass media ,wall paintings and literature – leaflets/ folders/ pamphlets, Street plays, extensive field days Organizing mass sowings, community spraying through Raitha Shakthi Groups (RSG’s)
WALL WRITINGS FOR PUBLICITY
Farmer Facilitators for Extension Activities
Material Distribution at cluster point
Awareness Creation - Street Play
Farmer field schools on integrated crop production technologies
FIELD DAYS
Fecilitation to the Participant Farmer by Hon’ble MLA during Cotton Field Day at Rangapur , Jagalur Taluk
LOGISTIC SUPPORT FOR INPUT MANAGEMENT Pre-positioning of inputs – seeds (4.60 lakh qtls.) , micro nutrients (15,000 tons) , gypsum (80,000 tons) along with bio-fertilizers and plant protection chemicals at RSK level before the onset of season Supplies co-ordinated at 5200 cluster villages to farmers at subsidized rates in addition to 747 RSKs Established 660 Custom Hire Service Centers (CHSCs) has benefited small and marginal farmers in timely land preparation and harvesting and threshing
CUSTOM HIRE CENTER – ESTABLISHED IN THE STATE
COMMUNITY SPRAYING FOR CONTROL OF PESTS AND DISEASES
POST HARVEST AND MARKET LINKAGES
Enhancement of Minimum Support Price (MSP) Example: GoI MSP for Tur : Rs.3200/qtl Additional support by State: Rs.800/qtl Total : Rs.4000/qtls-
Formation of 1200 Farmers Produce Organisations (FPO) and providing market linkages through NCDEX and APMC’s for better remunerative prices
Procurement and processing of pulses organized through Tur Board
CONVERGENCE OF SCHEMES INPUT SUBSIDY BHOOCHETHANA TRAINING AND PUBLICITY LOGOISTIC SUPPORT NFSM, ISOPOM, A3P, NPMSHF, RKVY, Soil enrichment Plant protection TRAINING, KRISHI UTSAVA, ATMA, RKVY INTEGRATED AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SYSTEM
OVERALL IMPACT OF INITIATIVES AND INNOVATIVE METHODS ON PULSES PRODUCTION PULSES PARTICULARS AREA (LAKH Ha.) PRODUCTION (LAKH TONS) PRODUCTIVITY (Kg/Ha) Base Year 2006-07 23.16
8.39
381 2010-11* 27.91
15.67
591 % increase over base year 20% 86% 55%