Transcript 3-3key_to_exercises.ppt

New Horizon College English Book III
Key to Unit Three
Section A
Where Principles Come First
Section B
Cultural Differences in Western and
Japanese Decision-Making
Exercises
Section A
《读写教程 III》: Ex. III, p. 65
1. Vocabulary
《读写教程 III》: Ex. IV, p. 66
《读写教程 III》: Ex. V, p. 67
2.Collocation
3. Word Building
《读写教程 III》: Ex. VI, p.67
《读写教程 III》: Ex. VII, p.68
《读写教程 III》: Ex. VIII, p. 69
4. Sentence Structure 《读写教程 III》: Ex. IX, p.69
《读写教程 III》: Ex. X, p. 70
4. Translation 《读写教程 III》: Ex. XI, p. 71
《读写教程 III》: Ex. XII, p. 71
5. Cloze
《读写教程 III》: Ex. XIII, p. 72
Vocabulary
III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where
necessary.
cultivate
suspend
worthwhile
comprehensive
conventional
controversial
mixture
strain
publicity
insult
preliminary
reform
energetic
curse
intelligence
1.Education should aim to cultivate a child’s mind to its utmost
potential.
2.We have tried to make the test simple but comprehensive so
that it will give us a basic idea of what you do and do not
understand.
3.This controversial book was both praised and criticized, but
whether it was read by artists I leave to further research.
4.Three independent daily newspapers have been ordered to
suspend publication.
5.They offered me only $5 for a whole day’s work—I felt really
insulted.
cultivate
suspend
worthwhile
comprehensive
conventional
controversial
mixture
strain
publicity
insult
preliminary
reform
energetic
curse
intelligence
6.The lab director said that the experiment was at its preliminary
stage and they would need more time to come to a final result.
7.They must know how to make use of and ,when necessary, to replace
the old, conventional rules.
8.It is made quite clear in the report that China will stick to its
reform and opening-up policy.
9.One of the things many of us hope for is a chance to contribute
something worthwhile to the world.
10.The reports have attracted considerable publicity although only a
tiny proportion of the reports have been debated in the House.
Vocabulary
IV. Rewrite each of the following sentences using the expression given in
brackets.
1. His girlfriend’s father thought he was a man who could not make a living. (see
as)
2. The course was cancelled although this was against the students’ will. (over
protest
3. The problem is so difficult that we cannot find the solution to it without the
help of our teacher. (work out)
4. Children tend to try as hard as possible when they are encouraged by their
parents who are making similar efforts. ( do/try one’s utmost)
1. His girlfriend’s father saw him as a man who could not make a
living.
2. The course was canceled over the students’ protest.
3. The problem is so difficult that we cannot work it out without the
help of our teacher.
4. Children tend to do/try their utmost when they know their parents
are making similar efforts.
Vocabulary
5.The new teaching program didn’t work well in the school at the beginning.
(at the outset)
6. I was a little bit excited when I received the letter that allowed me an
interview. (kind of)
7. The school is planned on September 1. (be scheduled to do)
8. They appeared to offer a free computer, including software and a printer.
(complete with)
5. The new teaching program didn’t work well in the school at the
outset.
6. I was kind of excited when I received the letter that offered me
an interview.
7. The school is scheduled to open on September 1.
8. They appeared to offer a free computer, complete with software
and a printer.
Vocabulary
9. Although they had to face hardships, they made real efforts that have
resulted in more progress than expected. (in spite of)
10. Many people make things more difficult for themselves because they still
follow the principle that you should not ask for help, or you might seem
weak. (operate on)
9. In spite of hardships, they made real efforts that have resulted
in more progress than expected.
10. Many people make things more difficult for themselves
because they still operate on the principle that you should not
ask for help, or you might seem weak.
Vocabulary
V. Fill in the blanks in the following passage by selecting suitable words from
the Word Bank. You may not use any of the words more than once.
A)
E)
I)
M)
intensify
impossible
alike
penalties
Word Bank
B)improve
C) cultivating
F) academic
G) beneficial
J) confine
K) concentrated
N) sanctions
O) obstacles
D) comprehensive
H) enjoyable
L) equipped
While many private schools are focusing more on values, public schools are
moving toward testing standards. The national government demands academic
success and tests are taken as a key measurement for a school's performance.
Schools with low test scores face penalties such as a reduction in money to
run their schools. And, even individual teachers are being graded on how
they're preparing their students for these tests.
"We have concentrated too much on teaching the kids how to take these
tests," commented one elementary school teacher. "We should be providing
1. F
2. M
3. K
Vocabulary
A)
E)
I)
M)
intensify
impossible
alike
penalties
Word Bank
B)improve
C) cultivating
F) academic
G) beneficial
J) confine
K) concentrated
N) sanctions
O) obstacles
D) comprehensive
H) enjoyable
L) equipped
a more comprehensive curriculum to these kids. We should be cultivating
leadership and curiosity. Unfortunately, there is never time."
One school principal remarked, "It's true that it would be beneficial to our
kids if they were getting better scores on the subjects being tested. The
trouble is that in poorer areas of the city like ours, kids start school less
equipped to perform well. We have many obstacles to overcome before we
can teach them basic subjects. All schools are not alike, so they shouldn't be
tested that way."
"The goal is to improve performance in schools that are not providing their
students with tools for success," said one government official. He admits,
however, that he is having a hard time convincing faculty and teachers this plan
will work.
4. D 5. C
6. G
7. L
8. O 9. I
10. B
Collocation
VI. Study the words that can be modified by “intense” and complete the
following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.
heat
cold
interest
love
pleasure
enthusiasm
competition
debate
desire
fear
1. she was sure that what she would remember most about the visit to
New York that year was the intense _____ of the house. She
shivered during the small morning hours.
2. Faced with intense ____ , companies and countries can succeed only
by constantly improving their sales strategies and services.
3. The report is published at a time of intense ______ between
European countries about the future development of their economy.
4. Humanity has an intense _____ to explain reality and uses every
possible means to do this.
5. She nursed her father to the last moment who died of a highly
contagious disease. But now she experienced intense _____ that she
would die similarly.
1 cold
2 competition 3 debate 4 desire 5 fear
Collocation
heat
cold
interest
love
pleasure
enthusiasm
competition
debate
desire
fear
6. Three police officers who tried to save the children were beaten back
by the intense _____ and smoke from the fire.
7. The bus was almost full and we had to sit separately, and it was obvious
that, as foreigners, we were the object of intense _____.
8. His lively and passionate nature was expressed creatively in his own
paintings and in his intense ______ of music.
9. He is basically a happy man who gets intense _____ from his senses
every day, from the sunlight on his back, the scent of fresh coffee to the
company of others.
10. It is already apparent that the intense ______ for sport generated
by blacks in both the United States and Britain is no historical accident.
6 heat
7 interest
8 love
9 pleasure
10 enthusiasm
World Building
VII. One way to form an adjective is to add the suffix -ic to a noun. For
example:
organ + -ic
organnic
pessimist + -ic
pessimistic
Study the following adjectives formed by adding –ic to nouns and
complete the following sentences with them.
energy
+ ic
energetic
atom
hero
optimist
+ ic
+ ic
+ ic
atomic
heroic
optimistic
economy
+ ic
economic
history
+ ic
historic
World Building
1. The falling of the Berlin Wall was a ____ occasion
2. The first_____ bomb was dropped on Hiroshima.
3. This book is about the development of modern _____ literature.
4. Iron deficiency may derive from frequent ____ exercises.
5. Due to increased productivity, the past decade saw great
_______ growth in China.
6. His ____ deeds were celebrated in every corner of China.
1 historic
4 energetic
2 atomic
5 economic
3 optimistic
6 heroic
World Building
VIII. A common way to form an abstract noun is to add
the suffix –ity to an adjective. For example:
.
able — ability
capable — capability
Study the following abstract nouns formed by adding -ity to
adjectives and complete the following sentences with them.
Change the form where necessary.
curious
+ ity
curiosity
public
+ ity
publicity
responsible
+ ity
responsibility
rapid
+ ity
rapidity
mobile
+ ity
mobility
complex
+ ity
complexity
Word Building
1. We need to take _____ for looking after our own health.
2. People wonder at the ____ with which the weather can change
in this area.
3. The difference in regional house prices acts as an obstacle to
_____ of labor.
4. The child opened the box to satisfy his ______.
5. Some people, especially stars, try to seek _____ while some
others try to avoid it.
6. Only then did he understand the full _______ of the problem.
1. responsibility 2. rapidity 3. mobility
4. curiosity 5. publicity 6. complexity
Sentence Structure
IX. Study the following model and then combine the groups of
sentences, using “as”.
Model: The quest for truth is widespread in Maine.
The same thing happens at the school in Connecticut.
As in Maine the quest for truth is also
widespread at the school in Connecticut.
1. There is a great demand for educational reform in America.
There is a great demand for educational reform in Britain, too.
1. In Britain, as in America, there is a great demand for
educational reform.
Sentence Structure
2. In Italy people use a lot of olive oil in cooking. The same thing happens in
Greece.
3. In the Hyde School values such as courage, integrity, leadership, curiosity
and concern are the first, most important lesson. The same is true for
some public inner-city schools in Maryland.
2. In Greece, as in Italy, people use a lot of olive oil in cooking.
3. As in the Hyde School, values such as courage, integrity,
leadership, curiosity and concern are the first, most important
lesson in some public inner-city schools in Maryland.
Sentence Structure
4. In Japan, in order to get into a famous university a large number of middle
school students take supplementary classes. The same thing happens in
China.
5. In the middle of 1950s many young people went down to the countryside.
The same was true for the late 1960s and early 1970s.
4. In China, as in Japan, a large number of middle school
students take supplementary classes in order to get into a
famous university.
5. As in the middle of the 1950s, many young people went down
to the countryside in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
Sentence Structure
X. The word “once” can be used as a conjunction with the meaning “from
the moment that”. Now study the following groups of
sentences and then use “once” to combine each group into one
sentence based on a sound logic.
Model: The problem are worked out. Hyde should work well in
public schools.
Once the problems are worked out, Hyde should
work well in public schools.
1. You’ve practiced a bit. You’ll find that it’s quite easy.
1. Once you’ve practiced a bit, you’ll find that it’s quite easy.
Sentence Structure
2. The meal was finished. The discussion began.
3. You show any fear. He will attack you.
4. Parents make a commitment to the program. They will be daily role models
for their children.
5. Customers come to rely on these systems. Customers almost never take
their business elsewhere.
2. Once the meal was finished, the discussions began.
3. Once you show any fear, he will attack you.
4. Once parents make a commitment to the program, they will be
daily role models for their children.
5. Once customers come to rely on these systems, they almost
never take their business elsewhere.
Translation
XI. Translate the following sentences into English.
in his thinking
as
1. 在思维方面，与他的行为一样，他是非常传统的。
1. In his thinking, as in his behavior, he is very traditional.
Translation
put on
once
2. 教师一旦同意接受新的教学计划，他们就得面对新计划所带给他
们的压力。
teaching program
2. Once the teachers agree to accept the new teaching
program, they have to face the strain it puts on them.
Translation
in the long run
worthwhile
3. 从长远看， 大学毕业后继续深造而不是直接参加工作是值得的。
pursue one’s study
3. In the long run, it is worthwhile to pursue one's study
after graduating from university instead of going to
work directly.
Translation
operate on
Character First
4. 由于这所学校的办学宗旨是品德第一，所以道德观和学习成绩受到
同样的重视。
4. As the school operates on the Character First
principle, moral values and academic achievements are
stressed equally.
Translation
be scheduled to
5. 据说，原定于这个月召开的会议将推迟到下个月召开。
it is said
put off
5. It is said that the meeting, which is scheduled to be held
this month, will be put off till next month.
Translation
see…as
6. 这所学校把为学生做好人生准备当作其职责。办法是倡导一整套能
使所有学生受益的道德标准。
benefit
a comprehensive set of
6. The school sees its job as preparing its students
for life by cultivating a comprehensive set of
principles that can benefit all of them.
Translation
XI. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1.
As in France, during the 1960s in the United States
there was a cultural revolution.
2. Once he made up his mind to do something, there was no
stopping him.
1. 在法国一样，美国在20世纪60年代也发生过文化革命。
2. 他一旦下定决心去干一件事，就根本拦不住他。
Translation
3. The school stresses the idea that it is worthwhile for
parents to participate in school activities together with
their children.
4. At the end of the class, the teacher asked her students
to spend the last five minutes in an energetic exchange
evaluating their class performance for the day on a 1-10
scale.
3.学校强调的观点是：家长和孩子一起参加学校的活动是值得的
4. 快下课时，老师让学生用最后的五分钟来展开激烈的讨论，依照1－10
的评分标准相互评价他们当天的课堂表现。
Translation
5. In order to avoid potential controversy regarding their
character program, the principal of the school explains that
Character First doesn't mean forcing the students to accept a
particular set of morals or religious values.
6. Not all parents believe in the Hyde School's principle that if
you teach students the merit of such values as truth, courage,
integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern, then academic
achievement naturally follows.
5. 为了避免引发针对他们的品格培养方案的争论，该校校长解释说，
品格第一并不是要强迫学生接受某一套道德原则或宗教观念。
6. 并非所有的家长都相信海德中学的办学原则，即如果你向学生传授
诸如求真、勇敢、正直、领导能力、好奇心和关心他人等美德的话，
学生的学习成绩就自然会提高。
Cloze
XII. Read the following passage carefully and choose the best word or phrase
to fill in each blank.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
A. more than
A. though
A. before
A. ultimately
A. preliminary
A. adapt
A. is placed on
B. rather than
C. better than
D. other than
B. while
C. even
D. because
B. after
C. instead of
D. despite
B. typically
C. finally
D. consequently
B. possible
C. conventional
D. primary
B. adopt
C. display
D. expose
B. is put forth
C. is made into
D. is headed for
Hyde was founded in 1966 to provide education based on character
development rather than academic achievement. It is a place where well-todo families can send their children who have difficulty in other educational
environments. Many students are there because their parents believe in the
educational theory of character before performance.
Although Hyde is typically categorized as a college preparatory school,
the school regards its primary purpose as preparation for life. Hyde helps
students learn, embrace, and adopt a character compass that will guide them
for the rest of their lives.
Emphasis is placed on performing arts and sports. Hyde believes that one
1B 2D 3A 4B 5D 6B 7A
Cloze
8) A. show
B. reveal
C. display
9) A. lay in
B. resulted from
C. led to
10) A. applicable B. available
C. acceptable
11) A. suspend
B. counsel
C. insult
12) A. to
B. at
C. for
13) A. work out
B. rely on
C. focus on
14) A. perform
B. reform
C. share
D. expose
D. settled down
D. possibly
D. recognize
D. up
D. keep on
D. enjoy
needs to expose themselves to group and community interactions as part of
the growth process. Competitive sports are played year round and have led to
many championships. There are typical high school classes and academics. Many
Advanced Placement courses are available and encouraged. Most students are
accepted to four-year colleges and universities.
There are “Group Discovery” sessions several times per week. Students are
encouraged to counsel each other when they think another student’s actions or
thoughts do not correspond to the school’s philosophy. These sessions focus on
the individual students and their current issues and problems faced at the
school. Students are encouraged to share intimate secrets, doubts and regrets
8 D 9 C 10 B 11 B 12 A 13 C 14 C
15)
16)
17)
18)
19)
20)
A. extended
A. relate
A. beyond
A. assigned
A. but that
A. arouse
B. ranged
B. involve
B. from
B. afforded
B. but for
B. earn
C. exploited
C. invest
C. over
C. admired
C. but then
C. make
D. expended
D. invade
D. upon
D. assured
D. but also
D. offer
about themselves and their families. These sessions are extended to
parents. The purpose of these sessions is to involve the whole family into
the Hyde community social structure.
Truth is emphasized over harmony. Students who have difficulty with
following the school rules are assigned to perform maintenance jobs and
lawn care for the school. The practice is not solely punitive but also
serves to illustrate that the transgressor has separated him/herself from
the community by their actions. The idea behind it is to earn acceptance
by the group, and work back into the trust of the community.
15 A
16 B 17 C 18 A 19 D 20 B
Section B
Exercises
III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
delicate
feasible
fundamental
sophisticated
dismiss
volume
extreme
discarded
aspect
analyze
differ
convert
flexible
consult
exert
1.The more self-knowledge we have, the more control we can exert
over our feelings and behavior.
2.I realized that I had a problem and decided to have it analyzed,
and I traced it back to when I was in hospital as a child.
3.This is where we differ from the professionals—they study in
order to work better; we study in order to understand more.
4.Before making any changes, consult your family to find out what
are most important to them.
5.She discarded all her old clothes when she moved to a new city.
Vocabulary
delicate
feasible
fundamental
sophisticated
dismiss
volume
extreme
discarded
aspect
analyze
differ
convert
flexible
consult
exert
6.The volume of trade between the two countries continues to grow,
and so does the cultural exchange.
7.Madeline was wondering how to approach the delicate question of
her salary with her new boss.
8.It takes the technician 15 minutes to convert the plane into a car by
removing the wings and tail.
9.The company, which has dismissed most of its staff, said it had lost
$270 million in the last year.
10.We need a flexible management system to meet the changing needs
of our customers.
Vocabulary
IV. Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable preposition or adverb.
1. The Chinese culture differs ____ many ways ___ the American
culture.
2. Some scientists believe that language has a great impact _____
people’s thinking.
3. When we are together there’s no competition; neither of us feels
better than or inferior ___ the other.
4. When started walking faster, not wanting to lag ____ the rest
of the group.
5. ____ my point of view the “you to you” approach is superior ___
the “I to you” approach.
1. in
from
2. on
3. to
4. behind
5. From to
Vocabulary
6. A very close relationship ____ teachers and students is set
____ by this teaching style.
7. As prices go up, employees are pressing _____ better pay
and benefits.
8. The color of a car is secondary _____ its quality and price.
9. The factor that distinguishes this company ____ others is
customer service.
10. It was unbelievable – it took two years to set the whole
thing up and it fell ____ at the last minute!
6. between up
7. for
8. to
9. from
10. through