Transcript plant classification

Plant Classification
Plant Phyla or Division
• Kingdom: Plantae
• Characteristics:
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Photosynthetic
Chlorophyll
Cellulose cell wall
Permanent vacuoles
Stores starch
• Classification of the major plant phyla is based on
external observables structures
• Need to know:
-Bryophyta
-angiospermophyta
-Filicinophyta -Coniferophyta
Phylum: Bryophyta
(Mosses, Liverworts, Hornworts)
• Small terrestrial plants
• Do not have true roots, stems or leaves but they
must have structures resembling them
• Leaf-like structures are often arranged in a spiral
• Usually have live in clusters which act like sponges
holding water
• No cuticle
• Reproductive structures are called sporangium which
is on long stalks with capsules on end.
Phylum: Filicinophyta
(ferns)
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Have true leaves
New leaves unroll
Divided leaves
Have an underground creeping stem (rhizome)
Height up to 20m
Reproduction: sporangia (sori) contain
reproductive spores
Phylum: Coniferophytes
(conifers & pines)
• All conifers are woody plants, most are trees
with a single wooden trunk with side branches
• Leaves are waxy, long thin needles, often
arranged in spirals, often a dark green colour
• Produce seeds found in cones
• Vascular system (tracheids)
Phylum: Angiospermophyta (flowering plants
and grasses)
• Have flowers, although they may be small in
wind-pollinated angiospermophyta
• Seeds are ovaries which become the fruit
• Leaves usually as leaf blade and leaf stalk,
with veins visible on the lower surface
• Leaves have waxy cuticle
• Vascular bundles (veins) are made
up of xylem & phloem