Transcript Diagnosis of the production and sales sectors of materials in... Brazilian house construction production chain: contributions for

Diagnosis of the production and sales sectors of materials in the
Brazilian house construction production chain: contributions for
the development of technological foresight studies
The Brazilian construction sector
has recently been showing intense growth, and its dynamism is
due to institutional changes and evolution in the macroeconomic
scenario. The increasing volume of new constructions has put
pressure on the construction materials sectors and some
consequences of this situation have already been noticed, such
as local supply problems and variation in the price of some
materials.
This explorative research is inserted in this scenario and aims to
make a diagnosis of the production and sales sectors of materials
in the house construction production chain, using a method based
on the concept of technological foresight.
First diagnostic step
Characterization of the building materials sector
This part of the research, which aims to establish a structure model of
the building materials sector in Brazil, was based on the analysis of
the classifications of this industrial sector and on fundamental
concepts used in the technological foresight studies of Castro & Lima.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT
BASIC MATERIALS
MANUFACTURE
EXTRACTION AND
BENEFICIATION
COMPONENTS
INDUSTRIALIZATION
SAND
AGGREGATE
CEMENT
LIMESTONE
ASSOCIATION AND
Premolded concrete
elements
CLAY
Prefabricated facades
WHITE CERAMIC
RED CERAMIC
Flat glass
GLASS
Plywood (concrete
form)
WOOD
CHAINS
outside the
construction
complex
The method
is based on bibliographical and descriptive researches, also using
field data collection to gather up-to-date information. The data
were obtained in a review of the bibliography and of specific data
about production and sales in the sector; interviews were also
conducted with representatives of the production chains of the
materials under analysis. The conceptual model proposed by
Castro & Lima (2001) of technological foresight method for
production chain analysis was adopted.
SECTOR
Division
WOOD panels
IRON
Industrial plywood
(construction)
WOOD door and
window frames
STEEL structures
Bars and
frames
STEEL frames
ALUMINUM
ALLUMINUM frames
Wires and cables
COPPER
Ironware
ZINC
PETROCHEMICAL
PVC tubes
Paints
PVC frames
Figure 1. Basic structure model of the building materials sector
Table 1: Critical Factors and forces
Degree Critical factors
of
impact
Sand
And
Aggregate
H
Forces
Cr*
Transportation cost
Informality index
Productive capacity (general)
Government-level planning (+)
Excessive environmental requirements (-)
Ef
Productive capacity of the machine and equipment sector
(+) and environmental requirements (-)
Government-level planning (+)
Poor managerial and entrepreneurial capacity (-)
Government incentives for reforestation (+)
Excessive environmental requirements (-)
Ef
Wood
H
Transportation cost
Product quality for construction
Productive capacity
Productive capacity
Limestone
H
M
H
Transportation cost
Conformity index
Availability of energy materials
High taxes (-)
Index of participants in quality programs (+)
Energy matrix (+)
Ef/C
Gypsum
H
Transportation cost (logistics)
Investments on transportation infrastructure (+)
Ef
Ceramic
Red
H
Transportation cost
Operational costs
High taxes (-)
Ceramic
White
M
Transportation cost (logistics)
Investments on transportation infrastructure (+)
Ef
M
Transportation cost
Investments on infrastructure
Ef
M
Transportation cost
High taxes (-)
Productive capacity (specific regions) Availability of credit for the purchase of machines to
Productive capacity (new plants)
expand productive capacity (+)
Excessive environmental requirements (-)
Ef
M
Transportation cost (logistics)
Investments on transportation infrastructure (+)
Ef
Transportation cost (logistics)
Investments on transportation infrastructure (+)
Transportation cost (logistics)
Investments on transportation infrastructure (+)
Glass
Cement
Iron
Bars and frames
Building
stones
M
Ef/C
Ef
Aluminum
Door and
window frames
L
Copper
Wires
L
Transportation cost
Investments on infrastructure
Ef
Zinc
Ironware
L
Transportation cost
Investments on infrastructure
Ef
Chemical
and
Petrochemical
PVC
L
Lack of raw material (from the
petrochemical sector)
Energy matrix (+)
Paints
L
Lack of raw material (monomers of
chemical sector and packaging)
Energy matrix (+)
Transportation cost (logistics)
Worker turnover
Speculative purchase
Investments on transportation infrastructure (+)
Rigidity of labor laws (-)
Mechanisms to avoid speculation (+)
Sales
(in general)
Heitor Cesar R. Haga
Department of Civil Construction Engineering, Escola Politécnica of Universidade de São Paulo - Brazil
Tel. +55 11 3091 5459 • Fax +55 11 3091 5715
http://heitorhaga.pcc.usp.br/
E-mail: [email protected]
© European Communities, 2007
Prefabricated
structures
Building stones
The objective of this poster
is to describe the application of this method and to present some
main results, like the performance analysis, identification of
critical factors, their respective driving and restrictive forces.
These results are elements to be used in prospective studies in
this sector.
Contact
ASSEMBLY
Prefabricated
toilets
Cement mass and
industrialized concrete
GYPSUM
Conclusions
The research shows that all segments of the
Brazilian construction sector are focusing their
efforts to obtain production capacity efficiency, so as
to guarantee the supply of their products. The
scarcity of data and knowledge regarding the
distribution of building materials leads to the
conclusion that the exercise undertaken in this
research study - containing important pointers for
undertaking further diagnostic and prognostic
studies - could certainly provide valuable information
for formulating strategies for the development of the
housing construction production chain and its
components/sectors in Brazil. It can be concluded
that the adopted method shows strong potential to
be used to analyze production chains in the
construction materials industry for developing
countries.
SUBSYSTEMS
2008
INTERNATIONAL
CONFERENCE
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