Transcript Document 7706941

NATURAL RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT
GULLY CONTROL
MEASURES
RICHA RAI (39)
Introduction
What is Gully?
Gullies are the landform that are
created by running water eroding
sharply into a hillsides.
How gullies are formed?
Gullies are generally formed by an
increase in surface runoff.
Areas of Concern
Reduction in cultivable land
 Increased velocity of run-off water
 Reduces storage capacity of
reservoirs and dams.
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Source:www.fao.org
FACTORS AFFECTING GULLY
FORMATION
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
MAN-MADE FACTORS
Improper land use
Forest and grass fires
Overgrazing
Mining
Road construction
Livestock and vehicle trails
Destructive logging
Physical Factors

a)
b)
c)
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a)
b)
c)
Precipitation
Monthly distribution of rainfall
Rainfall intensity and run-off
Rapid snowmelts
Topography
Shape of catchment
Size of catchment
Gradient of the slope.
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Soil properties

Vegetative cover
Criteria for selecting control
measures
1.Gully catchment area – the larger the area
is ,the greater will be the surface runoff.
Thus more water will enter the gully which
may further make the case worst. So,
large structures are preffered to stop this
incoming water like check dams.
2.The Gradient

The steeper the slope will be the greater
will be the speed with which water will
flow, more speed of water may lead to
more erosion of soil, so those structures
should be made that can reduce the speed
of incoming water.
3.Length of the gully channel

If the length of the gully channel will be
large than with due time the speed of the
water flowing in it will get reduce, on
other hand if the length of gully will be
small the chances of erosion increases.
Types of Control Measures
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Mechanical: Any earthern, stone or
masonry structure constructed across the
slope.
Vegetative: Any live bund or vegetation
established across the slope.
Vegetative Filter Strips

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Stripes of plant
species
Reduces velocity of
water flow, arresting
silt.
Adoptable in all areas
irrespective of soil
and rainfall
Semi-permanent
vegetative measure
plantandsoil.unl.edu/.../siteIma
ges/P325LG.jpg
Brush wood check dams
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Driving wooden pegs
into the ground
Intertwining brush
wood
Adoptable in all areas
Semi permanent
mechanical &
vegetative measure.
www.fao.org/DOCREP/006/AD
082E/images/3_3.jpg
Loose Boulder Check Dams
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Porous checks
Loose boulders
Adoptable in all
areas
Semi permanent
mechanical
measure.
www.fao.org/DOCREP/006/AD08
2E/images/3_9.jpg
Percolation Tanks
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Embankments across
natural depressions in
arable, non-arable
and community lands.
Recharges ground
water
Permanent
mechanical measures
raigarh.nic.in/images/jal6.jpg
Gabion Structures
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Wire woven baskets
filled with stones
Trap erosion debris
during heavy rains in
active gullies
Adoptable in high slope
& heavy rainfall areas
conducting high velocity
runoff, carrying large
sediments and cutting
of banks.
Semi permanent
mechanical measure
www.chandla.com/image/ne
w1/poto19.gif
Rubble Dams
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Rubble (A loose mass
of angular fragments
of rock ) obstructions.
Adoptable in all areas
Semi permanent
mechanical measure
www.cr.nps.gov/.../graphics/R
oosevelt1.jpg
CHUTE SPILLWAY
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Open channels with steep
slopes
Consist of Inlet, vertical
curve section, steep slope
channel & outlet
Constructed in areas of
steep slopes & sudden
drops
Permanent mechanical
measure
statelibrary.vic.gov.au/...
/0/1/im/rw001931.jpg
Nala Bunds
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Earthen
embankments across
nala
Regulates excess flow
through channel
Adopted in low to
medium rainfall areas
Permanent
mechanical measure
kar.nic.in/watershed/nal
a_bund.jpg
Drop Structure
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Dams constructed
across nala
Excess run off passes
through weir
Check water velocity
& permit storage
Permanent
mechanical measure
www.ars.usda.gov/images/do
cs/5537_5721/dec2.gif
References
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http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/006/AD082E/
AD082e02.htm
Information kit produced by MYRADA and
the International Institute of Rural
Reconstruction.