Transcript Document 7692049

WRA 453
Grant &
Proposal Writing
Fall 2005
Bill Hart-Davidson
[email protected]
Session 14: Proposing as a social act;
PIP, or proposal microstructure
Communication Event Models
10/25/01 –
10/26/01
Proposing activity
can be seen as
transactional,
intersubjective
exchange of
information, thoughts,
and speech among
participants. Chains of
communicative events.
P
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f2f
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Template
for target
document
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f2f
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11/07/01 –
11/08/01
12/20/01 –
1/29/02
First draft
of target
document
E
f2f
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One approach:
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P
Final
draft sent
E
Visualize the
chains
2/01/02
2/20/02
f2f
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P
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How & Why do we build them?
How: Units used to construct visualizations are
communication events, taken from diaries
Why: Distributed processes of work can be
presented in intelligible ways to foster both
formal inquiry (e.g. research) and informal
reasoning about practice
…for example…
CEMs for Two Student Teams
E-mail
IM
f2f/
phone
Local
team
27
0
10
1
38
Distance
team
57
5
2
0
64
Other
Total
These teams were writing a proposal for a new
technical product. Their task was to show that their
design was state-of-the-art.
Sort = Coordination
f2f
f2ff2f f2f
ph
f2f f2f
ph
ph
f2ff2f f2f
ph
New horizontal line
for each event that
did not include all
team members
The distance
team was
working with
people out of
the loop early
on…what if
they had
known here?
Syntagmatic Dimension
Paradigmatic Dimension
P
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P
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f2f
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Paradigmatic
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f2f E
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f2f E
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f2f E
How do proposals
get started at
SpaceCo?
P
Syntagmatic
How does a project that begins
with a “strategy meeting”
proceed?
CAUTION
The diagrams here
and on the next
slide are mocked
up, not models of
real data
Going deeper…
CIWC ‘04
report
P
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f2f
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P
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P
ICTC ‘05
report
LCT
Spreadsheet
E-mail
WC
request
CIWC Fall
report
P
E
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Each is a site
of mediated
activity too
f2f E
Event Descr iption: E-mail to JP, DD, & JG; also used CIWC 2004 APP&R report, CIWC 2004
Fall activity report, ICTC draft 2005 APP&R repo rt, LCT spreadsheets, DSХs Writing Center
recommendations/requests submitted in Fall reporting process
Goal of Event: Acknowledge wr iting task, float a plan for framing the recommendations
Date: 2/9/2005
Start Time: 5:35 p.m.
End Time: approx 6:30 p.m.
Location: Mother-in-lawХshouse, dining room
Reading or Writing?: Both, but writing was focal
Related to Project (Y/N)?: Y
If so, how?: I framed a plan Р not quite an outline Р for the report to make sure that I was on the
right track before I drafted a full version
Technolog y Use d: iBook G4; Netscape mail client for writing; MSWord, MSExcel, Adobe
Acrobat for viewing files
Participants: Me, various authors of the other documents scaffolding my planning process
Summary: I was watching Lily, so I worked downstairs on this preliminary plan for the report that
it was now clear I would need to draft on 2/10 so that I could circulate it for comments by the
committee ove r the weekend. I downloaded/gathered all the documents I needed to draw on for
precedent, and put them in a new folder on my laptop desktop called CIWC. My time was limited
to about an hour for this, because the dining room table was going to be used for dinner!
Studying Proposing Activity, sources
Prior, P., & Shipka,J. (2002).“Chronotopic laminations:
Tracing the contours of literate activity.” In Bazerman, C. &
Russel, D. Writing selves/writing societies: Research from
activity perspectives.
http://wac.colostate.edu/books/selves_societies/index.cfm
Faigley, L. (1986). “Nonacademic writing: The social
perspective.” In L. Odell & D. Goswami (Eds.) Writing in
nonacademic settings.
Gunnarson, B.L. (1997) “The Writing process from a
sociolinguistic viewpoint.” Written Communication 14.2.
Dourish, P. (2001). “Process descriptions as organizational
accounting devices: The dual-use of workflow technologies.”
SIGGROUP ’01. ACM.
Suchman, Lucy. (1984). Plans & situated actions: The
problem of human-machine communication. Cambridge UP.
PIP : A fractal organization
scheme for proposing
Persuade
Inform
Persuade
Try it: proposing an activity
Persuade
Inform
Persuade
To ensure that our visualizations are usable, we
will invite two expert reviewers from the field of
information visualization to comment and give
feedback on the design. Paul Dourish & Barbara
Mirel are two leading researchers in the areas of
information visualizationa and computersupported cooperative work. Both have agreed
to support this project by serving as reviewers.
We believe that with the help of Mirel & Dourish,
our visualization tool can be integrated into the
work practice of proposal writers who have not
previously used self-analytic tools to improve
their performance.
Scaled up: PIP for methods slot
Persuade
Line of Argument: Here is a methodological
approach that has been shown to be sound in
these previous studies/projects.
Inform
Line of Argument: We are using the
methodological approach, adapting for our
specific project in these ways.
Persuade
Line of Argument: Based on our pilot study and
previous published work, here are the positive
outcomes we expect that match with the goals
stated in the RFP. (e.g. replicability, validity, etc.)
Scaled down: PIP elevator speech
Persuade
Some colleagues of mine and I are working on a
way to improve proposal writing success by
visualizing the proposing process.
Inform
We depict proposing process as chains of
communication events rather than tasks.
Persuade
Task-based visualizations are not detailed
enough, we find, because knowledge work tasks
are themselves made up of communication
events - sometimes many of them!
Your PIP practice
Persuade
Inform
Persuade
Using the PIP structure can be a helpful,
ready-to-hand strategy for all parts of the
proposing process. Try it for yourself!
Draft an elevator speech for your P2 project
using the PIP structure. Post it to your project
page
Not only will this earn you credit for an in
class exercise when you post it to your project
page, you might also find yourself using it for
real when talking to someone about project 2!
Next Time: Guest Speaker!
Martine Rife, RA for the WIDE research center, will
discuss her recent proposing work. Her
presentation will serve as an excellent example of
the reflective approach I am encouraging you to
take with Project 2.