Transcript Document 7590648

Introduction to HCI
• Today’s agenda
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Team 3: Hall of Fame / Hall of Shame
Why think about Design?
What is Design?
Where do ideas come from?
• brainstorming
• the morphological box
Design
• Why design?
• Two tracks: design project, design process
– Process and product get equal weight
– Scenario-based design is just one method!
• Developing a content design vocabulary
• Developing a process design vocabulary
• Do, reflect, do
WHAT IS DESIGN?
A survey of ideas about design and
designing.
Design is defined in terms of…
• Method
• Product
• Goal
The OED defines design as:
• A plan or scheme conceived in the mind and
intended for subsequent execution; the
preliminary conception of an idea that is to
be carried into affect by action; a project.
• To mark out; to designate; to name.
• To sketch.
Design is problem solving.
[cognitive science]
Design occurs in the tension
between what is and what ought
to be.
“Form follows function.”
[Louis Sullivan]
“Design is a mode of action.”
[Charles Eames]
Design is an act of individual
heroic creation.
[Howard Roarke in Ayn Rand’s The
Fountainhead]
Design is form-giving.
[translation of “design” from
Norwegian]
“Commodity, Firmness, Delight”
[Vitruvius ]
Design is a social activity.
Design is
just one of
the four
creative
disciplines
[Rich Gold]
Design is making something new
that fits with reality.
[Harrison & Stults]
“Good designers copy; great
designers steal.”
[Steve Jobs, after Pablo Picasso]
To design is to manipulate
representations of an imagined
future reality.
Design is the science of the
imaginary.
[Herbert Simon]
Design is the art of the imaginary.
Design is the engineering of the
imaginary.
Imagination and
Representations
•The mind sees what the ear hears
Imagination and
Representations
•The ear hears what the eye sees.
Most invention is design.
Some design is invention.
Design is appearance.
Good design increases sales;
great design creates market
leaders.
[Raymond Lowey]
Values collide when people
design; good design reflects good
values.
[Batya Friedman]
“God is in the details.”
[Ludwig Mies van der Rohe]
Design is evocative.
Design is a reflective practice.
[Donald Schon]
Design is optimization.
[engineering]
Design research is patternfinding; designing is patternapplying.
[Christopher Alexander]
Iterate.
Debug this into reality.
[hackers’ creed]
Design process: Enumerate
aspects of solution space,
evaluate each one.
[Zwicky, Whittle, Card]
Design addresses wicked
problems. [Horst Rittle]
• Wicked problems have no definitive
formulation, but every formulation
corresponds to a formulation of a solution.
Design addresses wicked
problems. [Horst Rittle]
• Wicked problems have no definitive
formulation, but every formulation
corresponds to a formulation of a solution.
• Wicked problems have no stopping rules.
Design addresses wicked
problems. [Horst Rittle]
• Wicked problems have no definitive
formulation, but every formulation
corresponds to a formulation of a solution.
• Wicked problems have no stopping rules.
• Solutions to wicked problems cannot be
true or false, only good or bad.
Design addresses wicked
problems. [Horst Rittle]
• Wicked problems have no definitive
formulation, but every formulation
corresponds to a formulation of a solution.
• Wicked problems have no stopping rules.
• Solutions to wicked problems cannot be
true or false, only good or bad.
• There is no exhaustive list of admissible
operations to finding a solution.
Design addresses wicked
problems. [Horst Rittle]
• For every wicked problem there is always
more than one possible explanation.
Design addresses wicked
problems. [Horst Rittle]
• For every wicked problem there is always
more than one possible explanation.
• Every wicked problem is a symptom of
another higher level problem.
Design addresses wicked
problems. [Horst Rittle]
• For every wicked problem there is always
more than one possible explanation.
• Every wicked problem is a symptom of
another higher level problem.
• No formulation of problem and solution has
a definitive test.
Design addresses wicked
problems. [Horst Rittle]
• For every wicked problem there is always
more than one possible explanation.
• Every wicked problem is a symptom of
another higher level problem.
• No formulation of problem and solution has
a definitive test.
• The problem solvers (designers) are fully
responsible for their actions.
Click to add your definition
….
Each Definition Implies a…
• Different relationship of designer to:
– user
– client
– customer
• Different way of measuring the outcome
• Different way of thinking about use
WHERE DO IDEAS COME
FROM?
The first of many methods for and reflections on
design ideation.
 Brainstorming
 Morphological Box
Brainstorming
 Developed in response to “group think”
 Basic rules:
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Someone keeps list so everyone can see
No idea is too wild
No evaluation
Silence does not mean “DONE”
 Fun and “light weight”
The Morphological Box
a.k.a. Zwicky Box
Scope requirements space
Lay out the design space
FOR NEXT WEEK
(Dr. North)
 Tuesday: Team 4 HoF/S
 Thursday:
 First Team Report: Requirements
 Read Chapter 4
 Team 5 HoF/S