Transcript Building European Operational Capabilities GMES ESA plans linked to IGOL

Building European
Operational Capabilities
GMES
ESA plans linked to IGOL
O. Arino, rome, 14 September 2004
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User process (100 + 100)
Project now and in short term future
Environmental convention (UNFCCC/Kyoto)
GLOBCOVER
ATSR/AATSR World Fire Atlas
Global Monitoring for Food Security
Operationalisation: GMES and the Sentinels
IGOL perequation and topics
User Involvement during the Project
User Group: shall devote, at least, 3
man/month of work to the project. This is
formalised through letters of commitment
(preparation phase).
User requirements
consolidation
Data access &
ground truthing
Support to
products validation
Service
assessment
Service
Development
EO data
Service
Products
User’s Portfolio
NGOs
International Scientific Programs
Projects name:GLOBCARBON, MEDSPIRATION, TEMIS, GLOBICE, GLOBCOLOUR
Projects name: HUMAN, URBEX
Usernames: MSF, WWF
Usernames: IGBP, GODAE, GOFC, WCRP, IOCCG
Intergovernmental Organisations
Projects name: DUDES,, GLOBCOVER, CONTRAIL, EPIDEMIO, GLOBAER, BeGO
Usernames: EC, UNEP, FAO, EUROCONTROL, WHO, ECMWF, UNESCO
Environmental conventions
Projects name: KYOTOINV, GLOBWETLAND, DESERTWATCH, ALPINE
Usernames: UNFCCC, RAMSAR, UNCCD, , ALPINE CONVENTION, NPoCs
National Governmental Ministries, Agencies
Projects name: ITALSCAR, SLAM, COASTCHART, TEMIS
Usernames: CPA, ENV MINISTRIES, HYDROGRAPHIC OFFICES, MET OFFICES
Projects now and in future
Global: Globcover, Globcarbon, ATSR WFA
Regional:
FOREST, KYOTO INV: continuity ensured up to 2008
SAGE (Land Ecosystems), GUS (Urban): continuity ensured up to 2008
GMFS: continuity ensured up to 2008
RISK-EOS (Flood and Fire for CPAs): up to 2008
GLOBWETLAND (RAMSAR) up to end 2006
DESERTWATCH (UNCCD) up to end 2006
DUDES (IGM)
AQUIFER (OSS)
BeGO (UNESCO)
EPIDEMIO (WHO)
HUMAN (MSF)
16 relevant project running today: 20 Meuro
Next GMES call: 43 Meuro
ESA Supporting International Conventions
• ESA supports:
 UNCCD;
 World Heritage
Convention;
 Ramsar Convention on
Wetlands;
 UNFCCC;
• ESA attending key events:
 World Summit,
Johannesburg, South
Africa, 2002;
 COP 8 of the UNFCCC,
New Delhi, India, 2002;
 COP 8 of the Ramsar
Convention, Valencia,
Spain, 2002;
 COP 6 of the UNCCD, La
Havana, Cuba, 2003;
COP9 of the UNFCCC,
Milano, 2003;
ESA Supporting International Conventions
TEMIS
TEMIS (Air quality)
GlobCarbon (Carbon Cycle)
Forest Monitoring GMES
TESEO-Carbon
Forest Monitorin
Kyoto-Inventory
Aquifer Management
TESEO-Desertification
Desertification Monitoring
TESEO-Wetlands
GlobWetland (Managing Ramsar sites)
BEGo (Gorilla Habitat Mapping)
2001
2002
2003
2004
FOREST MONITORING
LULUCF – Services for National Greenhouse Gas Reporting
IN-SITU DATA
Forest inventory field
data (sample plots)
Current Users:
Biomass Expansion
Factores (BEF)
Soil data
field data and default values
BMVEL - Germany; NOA - Greece; MAPAAR France
Responsible for UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol
reporting (Art. 3.3, 3.4)
Carbon estimates per sample plot
Services:
EO STRATIFICATION
Forest type & land use derived from optical and SAR data
Maps and Statistics for Land Use, Land Use
Change and Forestry (LULUCF)
1990 baseline assessment of Forest and Land
use area
Carbon Stock and annual changes
Error Budget and Minimum reliable estimate
Germany
Greece
French Guiana
Utility:
Consistent 1990 baseline assessment
CARBON BUDGET
Forest area
Carbon stock
Cost reduction and highest level of reliability
Average estimate
Minimum reliable
estimate
215 000 ha
212 850 ha
6 546 750 tons
5 892 075 tons
Compliance with COP decisions and LULUCF
Good Practice Guidance Guidlines
KYOTO-INV
Services for national reporting on LULUCF activities under the Kyoto Protocol
• Land Use Map
• Land Use Change /ARD Map
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0,5 ha minimum mappable unit
1:50000 scale
95% thematic accuracy
Statistic data associated
Prototype on 13 test sites
Full/half coverage for I, CH, NL,
SP
• Forest Map
Urban_Area
Wetland
Grassland
Water
Forest
Annual_Crop
Unproductive
KYOTO-INV
Services for national reporting on LULUCF activities under the Kyoto Protocol
Italian Land Use Change: Tuscany 89-02
The GLOBCOVER Initiative
ESA - JRC - FAO - UNEP - GOFC - IGBP
GLOBCOVER INITIATIVE
Olivier Arino, ESA/ESRIN
Frédéric Achard, EC/JRC
John Latham, FAO
Ron Witt, UNEP
Kathleen Neumann GOFC LC
Context
Steven Plummer, IGBP
• Build on European experience (GLC2000,…)
• GMES preparation (Operationalisation)
The initiative
Specifications
The GLOBCOVER User Requirements: April 2004
•Why GLOBCOVER (O. Arino)
•The IGOS Land theme and the GOFC strategy (S. Briggs)
•The GLOBCARBON example (S. Plummer)
•Building on GLC2000 and preparing GMES (A. Belward)
•The MERIS FR data collection (H. Laur)
•The MERIS FR processor status (A. Buongiorno)
•The MERIS FR data quality (S. Delwart)
•The UNEP requirements (R, Witt)
•The FAO requirements (J, Latham)
•The GLOCOVER specification (F. Achard)
•The GOFC LC role in GLOBCOVER (Katleen Newmann)
The GLOBCOVER Initiative
Partnership:
Programs:
Users:
ESA - JRC
GOFC - IGBP
FAO, UNEP, UN Conventions (CCD, CB)
Objectives:
Global Land Cover Map in 2005 by using
ENVISAT MERIS data at 300m (15 bands)
Schedule:
Definition phase Spring 2004
Invitation To Tender July 2004
KO December 2004
First Monthly Mosaic September 2005
GLOBCOVER V1 September 2006
GLOBCOVER V2 September 2007
Validation September 2008
Implementation: One European consortium industry/companies
GLOBCOVER specifications
1) Aqcuisitions:
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From 01st December 2005 to 31st March 2006
Land area between 82o North & 56o South
Estimated Total volume of input data = 20 TB
Pre-processing
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Geometric corrections (< 150m geo-location accuracy)
Radiometric corrections (BRDF needed for high Latitudes)
Cloud and Haze masking
Temporal compositing
2) Classification (interpretation)
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Production of a global land cover map
through ESA trained
by the GLC-2000 regional map GLOBCOVER V1
Production of an advanced land cover map through JRC and a
network of partners GLOBCOVER V2
3) Validation : quality control
GLOBCOVER strategy
GLC 2000 regional map
MERIS FR FS
MERIS Advanced Products (1/3 km)
GLOBCOVER V2
GLOBCOVER V1
GLOBCOVER Validation
GOFC leadership
Implemented by companies for GLOBCOVER V1 and by JRC
for GLOBCOVER V2
Comparison of the GLOBCOVER global product
with “reference” data (GLC-2000 map, others)
Comparison with regional maps
Use of High Resolution Images sampling
World Fire Atlas
 308 or 312K – 3.7μm channel
 Global
 1995-present
 ATSR-2 + AATSR
Jan.
Dec.
 1km*1km
Seasonal distribution of fires in 2000
 3-day repeat
 monthly files in ascii format (Date, Lat and Long)
 http://earth.esa.int/ionia
 Underestimation, industrial sites not masked, night-time
Seasonal - Interannual
25000
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
20000
15000
10000
5000
Ju
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Au
Se gus
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be
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Oc
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No ber
ve
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De
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ce
m
be
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Ja
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Fe
br
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M
ar
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Ap
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M
ay
Ju
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Number of fires
30000
annual variation normalized
Nov-03
Jul-03
Mar-03
Nov-02
Jul-02
Mar-02
Nov-01
Canada
India
South-east of Asia
Jul-01
Mar-01
Nov-00
Jul-00
Mar-00
Nov-99
Jul-99
Brazil
Finland/Norway/Sweden
South Africa
Mar-99
Nov-98
Jul-98
Mar-98
Nov-97
Jul-97
Mar-97
Nov-96
Jul-96
Mar-96
Nov-95
Countries
China
Russia
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
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Nov-95
Mar-96
Jul-96
Nov-96
Mar-97
Jul-97
Nov-97
Mar-98
Jul-98
Nov-98
Mar-99
Jul-99
Nov-99
Mar-00
Jul-00
Nov-00
Mar-01
Jul-01
Nov-01
Mar-02
Jul-02
Nov-02
Mar-03
Jul-03
Polar
Temperate
Cold
Dry
Tropical
Fires by Koeppen Classification
6000
4000
2000
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Number of fire
Climate zone
12000
10000
8000
Vegetation: GLC2000
1 Tree Cover, broadleaved, evergreen
10 Tree Cover, burnt
2 Tree Cover, broadleaved, deciduous, closed
11 Shrub Cover, closed-open, evergreen (with or without sparse tree layer)
3 Tree Cover, broadleaved, deciduous, open
12 Shrub Cover, closed-open, deciduous (with or without sparse tree layer)
4 Tree Cover, needle-leaved, evergreen
13 Herbaceous Cover, closed-open
5 Tree Cover, needle-leaved, deciduous
14 Sparse Herbaceous or sparse shrub cover
6 Tree Cover, mixed leaf type
15 Regularly flooded shrub and/or herbaceous cover
714000
Tree Cover, regularly flooded, fresh
16 Cultivated and managed areas
8 Tree Cover, regularly flooded, saline, (daily variation)
17 Mosaic: Cropland / Tree Cover / Other Natural Vegetation
12000
9 Mosaic: Tree cover / Other natural vegetation
18 Mosaic: Cropland / Shrub and/or Herbaceous cover
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
N
ov
M 95
ar
-9
Ju 6
lN 96
ov
M 96
ar
-9
Ju 7
lN 97
ov
M 97
ar
-9
Ju 8
lN 98
ov
M 98
ar
-9
Ju 9
lN 99
ov
M 99
ar
-0
Ju 0
lN 00
ov
M 00
ar
-0
Ju 1
lN 01
ov
M 01
ar
-0
Ju 2
lN 02
ov
M 02
ar
-0
Ju 3
lN 03
ov
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3
0
Class 1 to 8
Class 9 to 10
Class 11 to 15
Class 16 to 18
Trend? Need for more data
total number of fires detected by WFA
Number of fires
140000
120000
100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
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1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
YEAR
total number of fires detected by WFA
SST trend, D. Llewellyn-Jones et al., 2004
Data access: public
• World Fire Atlas:
http://shark1.esrin.esa.it/ionia/FIRE/AF/ATSR/
•Koeppen and biomass classification:
http://www.fao.org/SD/EIdirect/climate/EIsp0002.htm
•GLC2000 classification:
http://www.gvm.sai.jrc.it/glc2000/defaultGLC2000.htm
•ECMWF:
http://data.ecmwf.int/data/d/era40_daily/
•TEMIS (O3, NO2, SO2):
http://www.temis.nl
Global Monitoring for Food Security provides operational services to support
decision making in famine relief and agricultural development
Services
• Continental scale crop season monitoring
 Regional early warning
 Planning of FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessement Missions
• National scale resource base mapping and crop production forecasting
High resolution crop type/area + agrometeorological modelling
 More accurate information for national ministries and international donors
User Group
• Southern African Development Community Regional Early Warning Unit, Zimbabwe
• Ministry of Agriculture and Centre de Suivi Ecologique, Senegal
• Sudan Meteorological Authority, Khartoum
• AGRHYMET/CILSS, Niger
• Ministry of Agriculture, Malawi
• Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome
• World Food Programme, Rome
• European Commission DG-JRC
Continental Scale Monitoring
Southern Africa
Users: SADC-REWU, EC/JRC
Support to Crop and Food
Supply Assessment Missions
Users: FAO and WFP
Base maps provided to FAO/WFP for planning
Missions in April 2004:
- Mozambique
- Malawi
- Zimbabwe
Maize
Country
Ya/Ym relative to 5 yr avg(%)
Malawi
Province
-24
Ya/Ym relative to 5 yr avg(%)
CENTRAL
-21
NORTHERN
-13
SOUTHERN
-30
Sub-national production forecast
Senegal, 2003
User: Ministry Agriculture, Senegal
Millet yield forecasts 2003
relative to 10-year average
Average = + 5%
Peanut yield forecasts 2003
relative to 10-year average
Average = - 6%
Malawi - Nchisi, Acreage and planting time
(sub-national coverage)
Acreage (ha) at sub-district level
GMES and the Sentinels
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Sentinel 1: C band interferometric radar
Sentinel 2: SPOT/LANDSAT continuity
Sentinel 3: Medium Resolution/Altimeter, SST
Sentinel 4: Polar Orbiting Atmospheric
Sentinel 5: Geostationary Atmospheric
IGOL Topics and Paragone
• Land Cover Land Use and Change
• Natural and Managed Ecosystems
• Cross cutting (Soil and Elevation)
• Improve Science (in situ, validation)
• Operationalisation (socio ecomomic value
and data)