Transcript Executive Secretary, CACIER CIER Ester Beatriz Fandiño CACIER

Regional Energy Integration Commission
CIER Argentine Committee
CIER
CACIER
Ester Beatriz Fandiño
Executive Secretary, CACIER
THE ROLE OF TRADE AND MARKETS IN
ADDRESSING CLIMATE CHANGE AND
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
ICTSD SYMPOSIUM AT COP 16
Cancún
December 8-9/2010
Latin America Integrated
Mapa Nº 1
Principales Redes de Gasoductos existentes y proyectados
300
Electrical interconnections in
Latin America (MW)
380
100 200
300
150
30
200
150
220
400
244
60
2.050
70
2.100
Existentes
Under study
Main pipelines
planned
Fuente: Tomado de Petroleum Economist.
Existente
Under study
Main CIER 02 Results
Peru-Ecuador-Colombia-Venezuela
Peru – Ecuador – Colombia - Venezuela
Interconnection boundaries
Operating costs
M US$ 250
Sistem a
De
200
Perú
150
Ref
Caso A
Caso B
Ref
Caso A
Caso B
Para
(MW)
(MW)
(MW)
Ecuador
0.0
200.0
400.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
500.0
400.0
1000.0
Ecuador Colombia
Colombia Venezuela
100
US$/MWh 30
50
25
0
Perú
Ecuador
Colombia
Venezuela
20
The reduction of operating costs in Peru, Ecuador
and Colombia were substantial in case A, while
the operating cost increased in Venezuela.
Ref
Caso A
Caso B
15
10
5
0
Perú
Ecuador
Colombia
Venezuela
CIER 02 Main Results
Brazil-Argentina-Paraguay-Uruguay
Brazil-Argentina-Paraguay-Uruguay –
Operating Costs
interconnection boundaries
System
Ref.
Case A
(MW)
2000
1000
1000
3000
0
6300
(MW)
2000
2000
2500
3000
500
6300
500.00
From
Argentina-Me
Argentina-Me
Argentina-Me
Argentina-Me
Brasil – S
Brasil-SE
450.00
K$/MWh
400.00
350.00
Ref
300.00
Caso A
250.00
For
Brazil-S
Brazil – SE
Uruguay
Paraguay
Uruguay
Paraguay
200.00
Annual Average of annual
marginal costs
150.00
100.00
30.00
50.00
-
25.00
Brasil - SE
Brasil - Sul
Brasil Nordeste
Brasil - Norte
Argentina Mercado
Argentina Comahue
Uruguai
Ref
20.00
The graph shows the operating costs of each country for
the different interconnection scenarios. The operating
cost for Paraguay is considered nil since all the demand
is supplied through Itaipu y Yacyretá.
$/MWh
Caso A
15.00
10.00
5.00
Brasil - SE
Brasil - Sul
Brasil Nordeste
Brasil - Norte
Argentina Mercado
Argentina Comahue
Uruguai
CIERs view 2010:


As developing countries, our objective in Latin America is to
move towards higher development levels, while achiving
greater efficiency in carbon and emission avoidance..
As you all know, it will be difficult the shift to a low emissions
path to economic growth for most of the developing countries.
However, an easily integrated electric sector in the region will
take advantage of the potential provided by hydroelectricity and
complementary regimes of each system when consider
isolated, and provide a quite clean support for economic
development and poverty eradication. The de-coupling of
conventional economic growth and emissions is possible in
Latin America with an “integrated electricity infraestructure”
CIERs view 2010:


We need a better comprehension for our
productive electricity features as far as the
Flexible Mechanisms is concerned. We also need
financial resources –quite different from
development aids- and technology transfer.
In these terms there is a big gap for efficiency to
improve intensity and economic output for each
unit of carbon emission.
Main Results CIER 15
Date
Ben. Oper.
Year
(MUS$/year)
2015
342.0 1
N/C 2
210.0
1.6
BO - BR
C. Esperanza
2015
Operating Security and opportunity exchange
102.0 1
N/C 2
71.0
1.4
2016
42.0
0.22
44.4
0.95
PE - EC
2010
21.0
0.22
N/C 3
N/C
BO - PE
2014
7.7 4
N/C
5.8
1.3
AR - PY - BR
2014
300.0
0.51
54.0
5.6
BR – AR
2010
340.0
0.51
220.0 5
1.5
CH - AR
2015
PY - AR - CH
Operating Security and energy exports
2011
208.0
Technically non viable
1.50
70.0
3.0
CO – PA
2014
20.5
0.23
18.4
1.1
BR – UY
2013
88.0
0.44
29.3
3.0
BO – CH
2014
66.0
0.64
2.7
24.4
1537.2
4.27
726
Project
Ben. Emis.
Cost
(ktCO2/year) (MUS$/year)
IBC
(p.u.)
Economies of Scale
PE – BR
Central America
Inambari
SIEPAC II
Use of infrastructure
Total
Remarks: 1 – Benefit calculated as the difference between the cost of the hydroelectric plant and the marginal cost of generation in the long term in Brazil; 2 –
Amount not calculated due to uncertainty regarding the simulation of the hydroelectric plant in Brazil; 3– Information on transmission reinforcements not available.
4 –Due to uncertainty regarding systems operation, congestion entry in the interconnection was used as a proxy for operating costs reduction. 5 – Investment cost
values and ICB for the BR-AR for the project were calculated on the basis of annual payment reported by the investors.
Participation of non-emission sources(EF)
Wind, biomass, geothermal, small
hydroelectric and nuclear stations
CIER Position Paper COP16
Points of consensus to address :
 LA electric region is “quite clean” in terms of GHG
emissions, due to the past efforts, and the expansion
axes of our capacity for generation are
hydroelectricity, thermal generation based on natural
gas – with the alternative of LNG- and non
conventional renewable energies (NCRE).
 Thus, LAC is able to contribute to the achievement
of the reduction targets. For that, we ask to support
the following measures:
CIER Position Paper COP16
Points of consensus to address (cont):
1.
Perform prospective hydrological studies to face
greater variability of future flows
2.
Promote better understanding of the benefits of
hydroelectric projects and its dams for multiple
mitigation purposes and Climate Change effects
(floods & droughts)
3.
Support NAMA’s mitigation mechanisms &
technological transfer. Includes CO2 capture/CCS
CIER Position Paper COP16
Points of consensus to address (cont):
4.
Special considerations for the emissions of the
thermoelectric stations needed for security &
complementary to the generation matrix of the
CIER countries, (focusing the trends to minimize
the operating periods of thermoelectric facilities)
5.
The negotiations must avoid making commitments
that result in electric energy rate increases to
consumers of the CIER region.
CIER Position Paper COP16
Last, but not least:

Advocate for the continuity of CDM provided for
Kyoto, with new improvements to:
–
Better comprehension of hydro matrix & benefits.
–
Enforce Energy Integration as a strategic contribution to
GHG reduction (Project CIER 15 identified 12 projects to
increase cross border transactions with environmental
benefits of 7.8 millions tons CO2 avoided per year).
–
Promote improvements in the approval process of CDM
project, for instance: agility and transaction costs.
Thank you !
CIER
www.cier.org.uy
CACIER:
www.cacier.com.ar
Ester Fandiño
www.esterfandino.com.ar