Transcript Document 7436709

(2.2) The Periodic Table
(p118-121)
Periodic Table of the Elements (p450)
Table Characteristics
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Metals (LEFT), non-metals (RIGHT) and
metalloids (STAIRCASE LINE)
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Periods (or rows)
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Groups / Families (or columns)
Common Chemical Groups
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There are 18 chemical groups on the
periodic table, however four of these
groups are of particular interest
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Alkali metals (group 1)
Alkaline earth metals (group 2)
Halogens (group 17)
Noble gases (group 18)
Alkali Metals
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Group 1
Soft, silver-grey
metals that react
easily with water
and with oxygen
NOTE: H is not an
alkali metal.
alkali metals in water
Alkaline Earth Metals
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Group 2
Silver-grey metals
that are harder than
group 1 metals.
Reactive atoms (less
reactive than group
1 metals) that
combine easily with
other atoms.
Halogens
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Group 17
Coloured non-metals
that are VERY
reactive
Can be a solid, a
liquid or a gas
Noble Gases
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Group 18
Non-metals that are
colourless, odourless
gases.
Unreactive (inert)
atoms that do not
combine easily with
other atoms.
Ion Charge
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Reactive elements can become stable (full
valence shell) by gaining or losing electrons.
An atom that gains electrons becomes a
negatively charged ion called an anion.
Non-metals gain electrons.
An atom that loses electrons becomes a
positively charged ion called a cation.
Metals lose electrons.
Magnesium Ion
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Mg
Mg2+
Magnesium atom loses 2 valence electrons
2+
Mg has a full valence shell and is stable
Nitride Ion
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N
N3-
Nitrogen atom gains 3 valence electrons
The nitride ion has a full valence shell, so it
is stable
What will the charge be?
CLASS WORK
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“Periodic Table Assignment”