Transcript Environment and Disaster Planning Hari Srinivas, GDRC Rajib Shaw, Kyoto University

Environment and Disaster
Planning
Hari Srinivas, GDRC
Rajib Shaw, Kyoto University
Contents of the presentation:
-What is the problem?
-Precautionary Principles
-Environment and Disaster Planning (EDP) Framework
-EDP Tools
-Steps to consider in EDP
-Post-disaster: EDP things to consider
Environment and Disaster Planning (EDP)
There are
environmental
aspects, tools and
strategies that need to
be considered at
every stage of the
disaster cycle
• Session 3 will focus on environmental planning as a process for preparing a set of
decisions for action in the future, directed at achieving disaster mitigation goals.
• It will illustrate some of the tools that can be used to integrate and link environment
and disaster dimensions in planning processes
What is the Problem?
Level
1
Level
2
Integrating environmental planning and disaster management
raises problems at three levels:
Lack of awareness in
preparing for disasters at
all levels
Environment
Planning
Disaster
Planning
Not incorporating
disaster
dimensions
Not incorporating
environmental
dimensions
Lack of Level
3
• Finances and budgetary allocations
• Human resources
• Legislation and rules
• Other resources
Precautionary Principle and Disaster Management
A good starting point is using the ‘Precautionary Principles’ for
environment and disaster planning
The “Precautionary
Principle” is a well know
approach to prevent or
reduce negative impacts on
the environment
“ … lack of scientific
certainty is no reason
to postpone action to
avoid potentially
serious or irreversible
harm to the
environment.”
1. Preventative anticipation
2. Safe-guarding of ecological
space
3. Proportionality of response
4. Duty of care
5. Promoting the cause of
intrinsic natural rights
6. Paying for past ecological
debt
An EDP Framework
In attempting to incorporate environmental dimensions in disaster
management, it is useful to create a framework of actors and actions
covering the management of governance, education , and technology
Governance
Solid Waste
Urban
Components
Education
Technology
Management
Systems
Water
Energy
Transportation
Housing
…
Actors and
Actions
EDP Tools – Overview
1. Environmental
profiling
2. Eco and
Hazard Mapping
Planning
Options
Assessment
of Options
3. ERA
4. EIA
6. Environmental
Management
Systems (EMS)
Implementing
action
5. SEA
EDP Tools for
Planning Options
1 – Environmental Profiling*
Introduction to the City
Creating an environmental profile
of an urban area is a first and
critical step in understanding the
interactions between the local
environment and disaster
vulnerabilities it faces.
Development Setting
Environmental Setting
Disaster Setting
Environmental Management
for Disaster Preparedness
EDP Tools for
Planning Options
2 – Eco and Hazard Mapping
Create a map of the city
Eco and hazard mapping is
a simple visual tool that
creates an inventory of
environmental assets of an
urban area, and the
vulnerabilities and risks it
faces.
Locate and mark critical
environmental features, natural
and man-made
On the map, mark all
vulnerabilities and hazards faced
by communities, business and
industry and other sectors
Identify and indicate potential
causes and effects of the risks
EDP Tools for
Assessment
3 – Environmental Risk Assessment
Problem Identification
ERA is a systematic analysis of
the likelihood that the
environment will experience a
specified level of harm as a
result of a natural disaster or a
planned human activity.
Risk Characterization
Risk Management
Risk Review
Communication and
Consultation
EDP Tools for
Assessment
4 – Environmental Impact Assessment
Baseline studies
EIA is a formal process used to
predict the environmental
consequences of a project or an
event. EIA ensures that the
potential problems are foreseen
and addressed at an early stage.
Impact Evaluation / Assessment
Documentation
Decision-making
Post-audit evaluation
EDP Tools for
Assessment
5 – Strategic Environmental Assessment
A. Context and Baseline
SEA is a process to ensure that
significant environmental effects
arising from disasters are identified,
assessed, mitigated, communicated
to decision-makers, monitored and
that public involvement is ensured.
B. Scope/Alternatives
C. Assessment/Mitigation
D. Consultation Process
E. Monitoring
EDP Tools for
Implementation
6 – Environmental Management Systems
Policy Development
EMS is a problem-identification and
problem-solving tool, based on the
concept of continual improvement,
that can be implemented in an urban
area in many different ways
Planning Action
Implementation/Operation
Checking/Corrective
Action
Management Review
Steps to take in EDP
• Identify the key stakeholders and establish their roles, resources, and
concerns.
• Evaluate the hazards and risks that may result in emergency situations
in the community.
• Have stakeholders review their own plans to ensure a coordinated
response, and identify lacks and gaps.
• Match these tasks to the resources of the identified participants.
• Identify resources needed, make necessary changes to improve plans,
and integrate them into an overall community plan.
• Get political commitment from local and national governments.
• Educate and train participating groups about the integrated plan,
including emergency responders.
• Establish procedures for periodic testing, review, and updating of the
plan.
Issues to consider in EDP – 1
Build local community
capacity
For
Pre-and post-disaster resilience
Create partnerships
& alliances
For
Responsive Actions
Share and exchange
information
Develop learning and
decision-making tools
For
Learning Opportunity
For
Mapping and planning
Issues to consider in EDP – 2
• Help find appropriate and sustainable solutions
• Record and provide critical experiences and lessons learnt in the
disaster
• Inventorize institutional and individual knowledge gained from
responding to the future disaster
• Capacitate local communities to prepare them for the next disaster
• Channel scarce funds to appropriate and critical areas that need
them
Post-Disaster: EDP Things to Consider
• Appropriate environment management and quick restoration is
also crucial in the wake of disasters
• Proper waste management: clearing, sorting, recycling/reuse,
disposal of disaster debris
• Assessing water contamination and pollution, for drinking and
for other purposes
• Appropriate handling of hazardous and toxic materials
• Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) of the environmental
damage