Transcript Document 7333678

Topic 2 第二讲:
Web 2.0 and Beyond
Web 2.0 及其他
Marshall Breeding
Director for Innovative Technologies and Research
Vanderbilt University
http://staffweb.library.vanderbilt.edu/breeding
Redefining Libraries:
Web 2.0 and other Challenges
May 2007 Xiamen, China
Web 2.0 and Beyond
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How to incorporate computer based
resources and new technology in library
services.
如何整合以计算机为基础的资源及图书馆服务中的
新技术。
– This section will include a discussion of how
libraries can take advantage of some of the Web
2.0 technologies such as blogs, wikis and other
social software to enhance the services they
deliver to their user. 本部份所讨论的包括图书馆
如何利用 web 2.0 技术，如网志，维基百科及其
它软件来提高图书馆的服务。
Evolution and advancement
进化与进步
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Technology 科技
Society 社会
Generational shifts 世代轮替
– Boomer > gen X > Millennials
原子弹新生代 > X 新生代 > 千禧新
生代
Heightened User
Expectations 提高读者的期望
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Library users come with expectations set by their
experiences of the Web 由于图书馆读者拥有网络经
验而对图书馆的服务抱有期望
Conventions for navigating and exploring Webbased resources well established 以常用的手法来检
索网络上的信息已十分完备
Dealing with large and complex bodies of
information nothing new to incoming library users.
新的图书馆读者对应付既复杂及庞大的信息一点也不
觉新奇
Sophisticated Web skills 复杂的网络技术
Low tolerance for clunky and ineffective Web sites
没法容忍低效率的网站
Confident in their ability – reluctant to ask for
Problems with the Status
Quo 当前的难题
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A look and feel that may not meet the expectations
of the current generation of Web-savvy users. 只是
看看并不能满足这机智的网络一代
The conventional library environment requires users
to interact with many different interfaces, and
search many different resources. 传统的图书馆环境
要求读者面对不同的接口及不同的信息
Overly complex 过份复杂
Not always intuitive 并不是经常可以凭直觉得知
Users have to go to different places to find different
kinds of information on a given topic: Library OPAC
for books, Article and E-journal locators for articles.
读者要到不同的地方找不同的信息: 利用图书馆目录
检索图书、文章, 电子期刊检索器检索文章
An urgent need
急切需要
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Baby boomers and Gen X’rs are happier with
traditional forms of content and existing modes of
service 原子弹世代及 X 世代的孩子满足于传统服务
的形式及内容
Millennials will move on to non-library provided
information sources and services if not readily
satisfied 千禧世代者一旦发觉传统不足, 便会转移至
非图书馆服务所提供的信息
There is a lot at stake for the future of libraries in
adapting to generational transitions. 图书馆将要准
备更多来迎接未来的一代
Web 2.0 provides a metaphor and model for
adapting library services to today’s Web-savvy
users. Web 2.0 既隐喻未来, 也提供了一个模式供今
天的图书馆服务作为参考
Web 1.0
Static Web
静态的网络
 Information silos
地窖式的信息
 One-way communication
单一的沟通
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Web 2.0
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Coined by O’Rielly Media in 2004
2004年由O’Rielly开始使用这个名词
Web + Social Computing 网络 + 社会计算机
Dynamic Content 动态内容
Highly interactive 高度互动
Collaborative 协作的
Focus on the user 以读者为本
Focus on communities 以小区为本
Web 2.0 examples 例子
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RSS delivery of content RSS 内容发放
Blogs – Web logs + comments
网志 – 网络 + 评论
Wikis – content created in community
维基 – 内容在小区内建立
Instant Messaging, SMS 直接的信息, SMS
Voice over IP – Skype 透过IP来传送声音 – Skype
Podcasting 播客
Vlogs 视频博客
Web 2.0 supporting
technologies 支持技术
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Web services 网络服务
XML APIs
AJAX (asynchronous JavaScript and
XML)
Microformats
OpenSearch vs SRU/SRW
开放式检索 vs SRU/SRW
Web 2.0 media 媒体
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Rich media – beyond text 丰富的媒体 – 超越文本
Music and audio 音乐与声音
– Well experienced: File swapping, p2p, iPod, MP3
富经验的。档案互换，p2p, iPod, MP3
Video 影像
– Recreational and academic 娱乐与学术 :
youtube.com, myspace.com/video, yahoo! Video,
bittorrent
Opportunities to remix. Usually recreational, but
explore ways to tap this interest with an academic
slant. 可以重新混合。常用作娱乐，但也常发掘更多
方法以配合个人的兴趣，且也偏向学术的。
The sprit of Web 2.0
Web 2.0 的骨干
 YouTube
 Facebook
 MySpace
 Flickr
Web 3.0
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Web 2.0 + artificial intelligence
Web 2.0 + 人工智能
Semantic Web 语义式网络
 Web 2.0 + enterprise computing
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Web 2.0 + 企业计算机
Library 2.0
图书馆 2.0
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First mentioned by Michael Casey
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由 Michael Casey 率先提出
Web 2.0 + Library = Library 2.0
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Web 2.0 + 图书馆 = 图书馆 2.0
Apply Web 2.0 concepts to library
applications
在图书馆中应用 Web 2.0 的概念
Examples 例子
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Library Blogs 图书馆网志
New book lists through RSS 利用RSS发布新增馆藏
Wikis 维基
– Intranets for staff documentation
建立内联网来收集员工文档
– Collaborative resources for library users
为读者共建资源
Enriched library catalogs 丰富图书馆目录
User participation in library resources 读者参与建立
图书馆资源
– User tagging in catalog 读者在图书馆加入卷标
– Reviews 评论
– Ratings 评级
Evolution 进化
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The Web has been evolving since its very beginning
网络一开始便在进化中
Web 2.0 didn’t happen all at onceWeb 2.0
并不是立刻全面发生的
Many of the concepts behind Web 2.0 trace back to
its inception
许多 Web 2.0 背后的概念是来自它创造之时
Eg: Amazon embraced user participation, open
API’s, etc long before Web 2.0 brand.
例如：亚玛逊 (Amazon) 鼓励读者参与， open API’s,
等，较 Web 2.0 出现更早
Evolution and maturation of Web technologies
continues 网络技术一直在进化与步向成熟
Caveats 忠告
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Apply when appropriate 适当地应用
Not a plateau 并不稳定
Evolution continues 进化延续
Web 2.0 can create isolated silos of information
Web 2.0 会制造被遗弃的地窖式信息
Must evolve into an organized fabric of
interrelated Web services.
必须进化成有组织的、互相依存的网络服务
Too many dead blogs and wikis already
太多已中断的网志及维基已存在
Web 2.0 a good start
Web 2.0是好的开始
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A more social and collaborative approach
倾向社会的和协作的
Web Tools and technology that foster
collaboration 网络工具及技术加速协作
Blogs, wiki, blogs, tagging, social
bookmarking, user rating, user reviews
网志、维基、博客、加入卷标、社会卷标、
读者评级、读者评论
Interface expectations
要求的介面
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Increasingly library users are well acclimated to
current Web technologies and like it.
愈来愈多的读者既适应也喜爱现在的网络技术
Used to relevancy ranking 常与评级相关
– The “good stuff” should be listed first
“好东西” 应列在最前
– Users tend not to delve deep into a result list
读者倾向不会深入结果中寻找
– Good relevancy requires a sophisticated
approach, including objective matching criteria
supplemented by popularity and relatedness
factors.
要获取既准确又相关的信息需要从精细的角度考
Interface expectations
(cont…)要求的介面 (继续 …)
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Very rapid response. Users have a low tolerance for
slow systems 迅速的响应。读者没法忍受反应慢的系
统
Rich visual information: book jacket images, rating
scores, etc. 丰富的视觉信息：封套书影、评级
Let users drill down through the result set
incrementally narrowing the field 容许读者在检得的结
果下增加限制条件，以准确地获取信息
Faceted Browsing 小规模的浏览
– Drill-down vs up-front Boolean or “Advanced
Search”
逐层细分 vs up-front Boolean 或 “高阶检索”
– gives the users clues about the number of hits in
each sub topic. 提示读者所检索的子目下命中信息
的数目
Group Exercise 小组研习
How might your library incorporate Web 2.0
components into 2 of its existing services?
What new services might you introduce
utilizing this technology? How would you go
about introducing these? Do you have staff
with the available skills?
贵馆如何能将Web2.0的元素加进二项现有的服
务? 你可推介甚么可运用这种技术的新服务? 你
怎样推出这些服务? 你的员工有这种技巧吗?