Transcript GROUP DYNAMICS GE347 MR. O’LEARY : WWW.MROLEARYSCLASSROOM.COM Week 3 - Leadership
GROUP DYNAMICS GE347
MR. O’LEARY : [email protected]
WWW.MROLEARYSCLASSROOM.COM
Week 3 - Leadership
Week 2 Review: Joining Groups and Teams
Maslow & Schutz: People join teams for interpersonal needs Individual Goals – Personal agendas/interests Group Goals – Commitment to larger agendas Interpersonal Attraction – Ways we are “pulled” towards individuals Group Attraction – Ways we are “pulled” towards groups
Week 2 Review – Joining Groups and Teams
Tuckman’s Life Cycle for Groups/Teams 1.
2.
Forming – Anxiety, Cautious behavior Storming – Competition, Conflict 3.
4.
5.
Norming – Conflict resolution Performing – Cooperation; productity Adjourning – Group disbands when goals achieved
Week 3 Objectives
Define “Leadership” Describe 3 approaches to the study of leadership Describe 3 broad “styles” of leadership Define “transformational leadership” Identify your own leadership styles and traits
Week 3 - Leadership
Q: What is Leadership?
A: “Communication or behavior that guides, influences, directs, or controls a group or team”
Week 3 - Leadership
Let’s conduct an informal assessment regarding your beliefs on leadership. Listen to statements and then: - Hold up Red Paper for “I disagree” - Hold up Yellow Paper for “I’m neutral, “I’m not sure”, or “It depends” - Hold up Green Paper for “I agree”
Studying Leadership
3 historical approaches to studying leadership: - Trait Perspective (1950’s – 1960’s) - Functional Perspective (1970’s -1980’s) - Situational Perspective (1990’s – Today)
Trait Perspective
Oldest theory of leadership; can be traced back to Plato Asserts that leaders have common attributes or traits; identify the traits - identify leaders Traits include: Social, extrovert, large in size, dominance, confident, loves red meat & desserts Assumes leaders are born, not made
Functional Perspective
Leadership is a set of behaviors, not traits Leaders show two types of behaviors: -Task Leadership: Accomplish goals/milestones -Process Leadership: Create and maintain a healthy climate and morale to work in
Situational Perspective
No one style of leadership is “better” than another Context/Situation is everything Effective leaders adapt their method of leadership according to situation - Authoritarian (Leader has all power/control) - Democratic (Leader involves team in decision making) - Laissez Faire (Leader gives control to team members)
Hersey and Blanchard’s Model
Telling = High Task Focus; Low Relationship Focus Selling = High Task Focus; High Relationship Focus Participating = Low Task Focus; High Relationship Focus Delegating = Low Task Focus; Low Relationship Focus
Transformational Leadership
New Theory of Leadership What “broken” organizations or teams often require Changes and realigns the entire culture of the workplace
Transformational Leadership
Based on The Four I’s 1)Idealized Leadership 2)Inspirational Motivation 3)Intellectual Stimulation 4)Individual Consideration Not so much a set of behaviors; more an overall philosophy or approach to managing organizations
Emergent Leadership
Minnesota Studies - Dr. Ernest Bormann In a leaderless group, leaders “emerge” even when not chosen as leader They’re perceived by teammates as the most valuable to the group They optimally blend task and relationship focus
Emergent Leadership
Quietest group members are “voted out” first Talkative but bossy or rude members “voted out” next Talkative but considerate/polite members are left Andrognyous behaviors most suited for leadership (blend of classical “masculine” and “feminine” behaviors)
Leadership and Gender
Traditionally women not perceived as effective leaders (due to lack of females in workforce; especially management) By 1970’s, more and more women are leaders; proven track record comparable to men By 2010, more women are CEO’s of Fortune 500 companies than men!
Leadership and Gender
As generalizations in the broadest sense : - Women show greater aptitude in Process Leadership and maintaining positive work climates - Men show greater aptitude in Task Leadership and meeting deadlines - Any specific leader, male or female, would sit somewhere on a spectrum for both types of leadership
Leadership Training
Involves instruction to develop skills Provides feedback on performance Includes simulation exercises Incorporates individual competencies, task requirements & features of work environment
Last Thoughts – Eastern Philosophy
“The wicked leader is he who the people despise The good leader is he who the people revere The great leader is he who the people say ‘We did it ourselves’.” - Lao Tzu