Transcript Document 7316092

Word Processing
and
Desktop Publishing:
Printing It
Chapter 12
Objectives
• Explain the need for word processing
• List and describe the basic features of word
processing programs
• Describe spelling checkers and thesaurus
programs
• Explain the value of collaboration using word
processing and the Web
• Describe the advantages of desktop publishing
• Describe desktop publishing terminology
Contents
• Word Processing
• Desktop Publishing
• Ergonomics
Word Processing
Software that assists in preparation and
printing of text documents
Functions
– Create
– Edit
– Format
– Store
– Retrieve
– Print
Word Processing
Features
• Insertion point
– Where will the next typed character appear?
• Scrolling
– Screen is window into document
– Brings other parts of document into view
Word Processing
Features
• Word wrap
– Automatically determines when to go to a new line
– <Enter> to signal end of paragraph
• Easy corrections
–
–
–
–
<Backspace>
<Delete>
Undo
Insert vs. overwrite mode
Basic Window
• Menus
– Reveals pull-down menus
– Select command
• Toolbar
– Buttons
Formatting Features
Adjust the physical appearance of the document
• Vertical centering
• Line centering
• Margins
– Default can be changed
– Automatic reformatting of text
• Tabs
• Indentation
Formatting Features
Formatting Features
• Justification
– Fully justified
– Left justified – ragged-right
– Right justified – ragged-left
• Line spacing
• Bullets and Numbering
Formatting Features
• Style
– Boldface
– Italic
– Underline
• Fonts
–
–
–
–
–
Serif
Sans serif
Scalable
Color
3-D effects
Formatting Features
• Squeeze or stretch
a document
– Adjust the margins
– Change the line
spacing
– Try different fonts
and sizes
Other Features
• Print envelopes
• Search / find
• Find and replace
• Pagination
• Print preview
• Footnotes / endnotes
• Headers and footers
Other Features
Working with Text Blocks
• Text block – unit of text
• Marking
– Selection
– Reverse video display
• Moving – Cut and pasting
• Copying – Copy and pasting
• Deleting
Other Features
Spelling Checker
– Checks against its
dictionary
– Provides possible
correct spellings for
an unrecognized
word
– Custom dictionary
Other Features
Thesaurus
– Synonyms
– Antonyms
Other Features
Save as HTML
Desktop Publishing
• Design sophisticated pages
• Combine
–
–
–
–
Charts
Graphics
Text
Headlines
• Produce professional-looking document
Font
Font
• Shape of letters
• Printer internal
fonts
• Soft font selection
from a font library
Font
• Weight
• Style
• Point size
– Point – 1/72 inch
– Measured from top of highest rising letter to
bottom of lowest descending letter
Font
• Combine fonts cautiously
– Vary size and style to improve appearance
– Too many or clashing fonts will detract from
appearance
• Use 2-3 fonts per document
• Limit the use of decorative or unusual fonts
for signs and titles
• Use different sizes and styles of one font to
distinguish between different heading levels
Font
• Never type text body in all capital letters
• Do not use type that is too small to read
• Use a sans serif font only for short text
passages
• Use italic of boldface for emphasis rather
than underlining
Leading and Kerning
• Leading
– Space between the lines of type
– Vertical measurement from base of one line to
base of next
– Measured in points
• Kerning
– Space between characters
– Each font has a default kerning
Halftones
• Resemble photographs
• Made up of black dots
on white paper
• Varying the number and
size of dots produces
gray shades
• Reducing the size of the
dots makes halftone
clearer
Page Composition Programs
• Design each page on the
screen
• Specify
– Number and width of columns
– Where graphic objects and
headlines are to be placed
• Insert graphics and text
• Move blocks of text and
pictures around on your page
• Usually includes
– Templates
– Clip art
Ergonomics
Study of the interaction of
humans and machines
Ergonomic Equipment
• Pneumatically
adjustable chair with
5 base feet
• Tile and swivel
monitor
• Distance from the
eyes to the screen
• Angle of the arms
and wrists
Ergonomics
Types of Injury
• Repetitive stress injury (RSI)
• Eyestrain
• Back problems
Ergonomics
Tips to Prevent Injury
• Reduce glare
– Window
– Glare deflector
– No overhead lights
• Avoid arm and wrist fatigue
– Place keyboard in low position
– Do not bend wrists
– Use a wrist rest
Ergonomics
Tips to Prevent Injury
• Support your lower back with the
appropriate seat
• Sit with your feet firmly on the floor
• Enlarge fonts while editing then return
them to their normal size
Ergonomics
Tips to Prevent Injury
• Take a break
– Rotate your wrists
– Roll your shoulders
– Stretch
– Walk around at regular intervals
• Short finger nails
Ergonomics
Psychological and Environmental Factors
• Long commutes
• Dissatisfaction with management
• Stressful events in one’s personal life