Transcript LNG: Regulatory and Regional Considerations The Energy Council’s LNG/CNG Workshop Biloxi, Mississippi

LNG: Regulatory and Regional
Considerations
The Energy Council’s LNG/CNG Workshop
Biloxi, Mississippi
April 8, 2005
Robert Cupina, Deputy Director, Office of Energy Projects
FERC
FERC
Helping Markets Work
Adequate
Infrastructure
OEP
Competitive
Market
FERC
Effective
Market Rules
OMTR
Market
Oversight
OMOI
2
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
FERC Organizational
Structure
3
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
4
Major Interstate and
Canadian Pipelines and
Gas Production Areas
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
Natural Gas Act
NATURAL GAS ACT
Section 7(c)
Interstate
Case
Specific
Blanket
Authority
Automatic
5
Section 3
Import/Export
Case
Specific
Prior
Notice
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
Natural Gas Act
• Case Specific Section 7(c) and 3
• Conduct a full review of proposal
including engineering, rate, accounting,
and market analysis
• Conduct an environmental review by
preparing an Environmental Assessment
or an Environmental Impact Statement
6
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
Major Pipeline Projects
Certificated (MMcf/d)
January 2002 to March 2005
Georgia
Straits (96)
1. Algonquin (285)
2. Islander East (285)
3. Iroquois (85)
4. Columbia (135,270)
5. Algonquin (140)
6. Transcontinental (105)
6. CIG (282,92)
7. CIG (118)
8. TransColorado (125)
9. WIC (116)
Northwest
(162,113)
Iroquois(70)
WBI
(80)
Tuscarora
(96)
Northwest
(191)
7
9
Questar (102)
8
5
6
Greenbrier (600)
East Tennessee (510)
El Paso (140)
Kern River (282)
6 3
4
Cheyenne
Plains (560,170)
1
2
Transwestern (375)
North Baja (500)
Southern (330)
Discovery (150)
Trunkline
(200)
17.1 BCF/D Total
2,911 Miles
7
Trunkline(1,500)
Cheniere Sabine (2,600)
Tennessee (320)
Calypso
(832)
Ocean Express
(842)
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
Major Pipeline Projects
Pending (MMcf/d)
March 2005
Rendezvous
(300)
WIC (350)
TransColorado (300)
El Paso
(502)
17.7 BCF/D Total
930 Miles
8
Entrega
(EnCana)
(1,500)
Northern Border
(Chicago III)
(130)
Logan Lateral
(Texas Eastern)
(900)
CIG (105)
CenterPoint(113)
Golden
Dominion Pass
San Patricio Southern (2,000)
McMoRan
(200)
(1,000)
(1,500)
Cheniere Corpus
Christi
Compass
Pearl
(2,600)
Vista Crossing
Pass
Del Sol (2,000)
(1,000)
(1,100)
Seafarer Pipeline
(El Paso) (800)
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
Storage Projects
(Capacity in Bcf)
March 2005
Wyckoff
(6.0)
SemGas (5.5)
KM
(6.5)
Bluewater
(27.0)
Dominion (9.4)
Dominion (5.6)
Texas Gas (8.2)
Copper Eagle
(3.2)
Certificated Since 6/1/01
9
Currently Pending
On The Horizon
Seneca
(0.8)
Tennessee (5.0)
Saltville
(5.8)
Columbia (12.4)
Natural (10.0)
Port Barre (10.5) County Line (6.0)
CenterPoint
(15.0)
Freebird (6.1)
Sabine
Caledonia
(11.7)
Natural
(40.0)
(10.7)
Falcon MoBay (20.0)
EnCana (8.0)
Falcon Hill-Lake (3.0)
SG Resources (12.0)
Starks (19.2)
Petal (8.0)
Copiah (3.3)
Liberty (17.0)
Petal (5.0)
Gulf
South (18.5)
Pine Prarie (24.0)
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
Balancing Interests
People Like...
10
But They Also Want...
Due Process
Expedited Process
Smaller Government
Effective Government
Less Regulation
Assurance of Fair Markets
Market-dictated Outcomes
Protection from Market
Dysfunctions, Unexpected Risk,
and Unjust Rates
Protection for the Environment and
Property Interests
Ample Supplies of
Low-cost Energy
Office of Energy Projects
Environmental Review
(Traditional Process)
Notice of Intent
FERC
Public Interest Review
Review
Notice of Application
Process
Scoping Meetings
& Site Visit
Interventions
LNG
Protests
Cryogenic Design &
Data Requests
Safety Review
Data Requests
Analysis
Agency Coordination
Analysis
Tech Conference
(Optional)
Preliminary Determination
(Optional)
DEIS
FEIS
Authorization / Rejection
FERC
Traditional vs. NEPA Pre-Filing
Process
Announce
Open
Season
Develop
Study Prepare Resource
Corridor
Reports
File
At
FERC
Traditional - FERC
Announce
Open
Season
Develop
Study
Corridor
Conduct
Scoping
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Prepare Resource
Reports
Traditional - Applicant
Conduct
Scoping
File
At
FERC
Review Draft
Resource Reports
& Prepare DEIS
Issue
Draft
EIS
NEPA Pre-Filing - Applicant
Issue
Draft
EIS
Issue Issue
Final Order
EIS
NEPA Pre-Filing - FERC
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
(months)
12
Issue Issue
Final Order
EIS
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
NPC Study
• Align the conflicting policies
– - Policies that encourage consumption
– - Policies that inhibit gas supply
13
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
LNG – Two Points
• Natural gas is the
economic/environmental fuel of choice.
• 96% of natural gas reserves are
outside North America.
14
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
How Much Natural Gas
Is Out There?
Africa
7%
Middle East
42%
Asia & Oceania
7%
North America
4%
Central & South
America
4%
Western Europe
3%
Eastern Europe &
Former U.S.S.R.
33%
Total World Gas Reserves as of 1/1/03: 6,127 Trillion Cubic Feet
15
Source: EIA, World Oil
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
Where Are the Export
Facilities?
Global LNG Supply Facilities
Existing
Under Construction
Proposed
Global LNG Supply
NORTH AMERICA
RESERVES
4%
WORLD PROVED
RESERVES 2003:
6,127 TCF
Source: Cedigaz, NPC
16
• LNG supply growing
• Multiple LNG supply proposals announced
• Long term LNG supply outlook robust
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
Liquefaction
and Storage
Facility
Dock
Natural Gas Production
17
Storage and
Vaporization
Facility
Dock
Natural Gas Pipelines
LNG Supply Stream -- From
Production to Distribution
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
Economic Oversight – Access to LNG Terminal
Liquid to Vapor Flow
LNG
Buyers
B
A
LNG
Suppliers
B
Open Access At
Delivery of Vapor into
Interstate Pipeline
System
18
A
Open Access At
Delivery of Liquid to
Terminal
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
CONSTRUCTED
A. Everett, MA : 1.035 Bcfd (Tractebel - DOMAC)
B. Cove Point, MD : 1.0 Bcfd (Dominion - Cove Point LNG)
C. Elba Island, GA : 0.68 Bcfd (El Paso - Southern LNG)
D. Lake Charles, LA : 1.0 Bcfd (Southern Union - Trunkline LNG)
E. Gulf of Mexico: 0.5 Bcfd, (Gulf Gateway Energy Bridge - Excelerate Energy)
Existing, Proposed and
Potential North American
LNG Terminals
APPROVED BY FERC
49
48
46 47
36
41
23
37
33
43
18 A 38
10
21 34
15 40
B 20
27
11
28
3552
C 7
6 25D,12 22
24
14
125,42 31 1 30
29
13 19
17
E9
39 26 32
8
51
53
55
16
3 4
US Jurisdiction
54
As of March 25, 2005
US pipeline approved; LNG terminal pending in Bahamas
** These projects have been approved by the Mexican and Canadian authorities
*
19
45
50
44
FERC
US Coast Guard
1. Lake Charles, LA: 1.1 Bcfd (Southern Union - Trunkline LNG)
2. Hackberry, LA : 1.5 Bcfd, (Sempra Energy)
3. Bahamas : 0.84 Bcfd, (AES Ocean Express)*
4. Bahamas : 0.83 Bcfd, (Calypso Tractebel)*
5. Freeport, TX : 1.5 Bcfd, (Cheniere/Freeport LNG Dev.)
6. Sabine, LA : 2.6 Bcfd (Cheniere LNG)
7. Elba Island, GA: 0.54 Bcfd (El Paso - Southern LNG)
APPROVED BY MARAD/COAST GUARD
8. Port Pelican: 1.6 Bcfd, (Chevron Texaco)
9. Louisiana Offshore : 1.0 Bcfd (Gulf Landing - Shell)
PROPOSED TO FERC
10. Fall River, MA : 0.8 Bcfd, (Weaver's Cove Energy/Hess LNG)
11. Long Beach, CA : 0.7 Bcfd, (Mitsubishi/ConocoPhillips - Sound Energy Solutions)
12. Corpus Christi, TX : 2.6 Bcfd, (Cheniere LNG)
13. Corpus Christi, TX : 1.0 Bcfd (Vista Del Sol - ExxonMobil)
14. Sabine, TX : 1.0 Bcfd (Golden Pass - ExxonMobil)
15. Logan Township, NJ : 1.2 Bcfd (Crown Landing LNG - BP)
16. Bahamas : 0.5 Bcfd, (Seafarer - El Paso/FPL )
17. Corpus Christi, TX: 1.0 Bcfd (Ingleside Energy - Occidental Energy Ventures)
18. Providence, RI : 0.5 Bcfd (Keyspan & BG LNG)
19. Port Arthur, TX: 1.5 Bcfd (Sempra)
20. Cove Point, MD : 0.8 Bcfd (Dominion)
21. LI Sound, NY: 1.0 Bcfd (Broadwater Energy - TransCanada/Shell)
22. Pascagoula, MS: 1.0 Bcfd (Gulf LNG Energy LLC)
23. Bradwood, OR: 1.0 Bcfd (Northern Star LNG - Northern Star Natural Gas LLC)
24. Pascagoula, MS: 1.3 Bcfd (Casotte Landing - ChevronTexaco)
25. Cameron, LA: 3.3 Bcfd (Creole Trail LNG - Cheniere LNG)
26. Port Lavaca, TX: 1.0 Bcfd (Calhoun LNG - Gulf Coast LNG Partners)
PROPOSED TO MARAD/COAST GUARD
27. California Offshore: 1.5 Bcfd (Cabrillo Port - BHP Billiton)
28. So. California Offshore : 0.5 Bcfd, (Crystal Energy)
29. Louisiana Offshore : 1.0 Bcfd (Main Pass McMoRan Exp.)
30. Gulf of Mexico: 1.0 Bcfd (Compass Port - ConocoPhillips)
31. Gulf of Mexico: 2.8 Bcfd (Pearl Crossing - ExxonMobil)
32. Gulf of Mexico: 1.5 Bcfd (Beacon Port Clean Energy Terminal - ConocoPhillips)
POTENTIAL SITES IDENTIFIED BY PROJECT SPONSORS
33. Coos Bay, OR: 0.13 Bcfd, (Energy Projects Development)
34. Somerset, MA: 0.65 Bcfd (Somerset LNG)
35. California - Offshore: 0.75 Bcfd, (Chevron Texaco)
36. Pleasant Point, ME : 0.5 Bcf/d (Quoddy Bay, LLC)
37. St. Helens, OR: 0.7 Bcfd (Port Westward LNG LLC)
38. Offshore Boston, MA: 0.8 Bcfd (Northeast Gateway - Excelerate Energy)
39. Galveston, TX: 1.2 Bcfd (Pelican Island - BP)
40. Philadelphia, PA: 0.6 Bcfd (Freedom Energy Center - PGW)
41. Astoria, OR: 1.0 Bcfd (Skipanon LNG - Calpine)
42. Freeport, TX: 1.5 Bcfd, (Cheniere/Freeport LNG Dev. - Expansion)
43. Offshore Boston, MA: 0.4 Bcfd (Neptune LNG - Tractebel)
CANADIAN APPROVED AND POTENTIAL TERMINALS
44. St. John, NB : 1.0 Bcfd, (Canaport - Irving Oil)
45. Point Tupper, NS 1.0 Bcf/d (Bear Head LNG - Anadarko)
46. Quebec City, QC : 0.5 Bcfd (Project Rabaska - Enbridge/Gaz Met/Gaz de France)
47. Rivière-du- Loup, QC: 0.5 Bcfd (Cacouna Energy - TransCanada/PetroCanada)
48. Kitimat, BC: 0.61 Bcfd (Galveston LNG)
49. Prince Rupert, BC: 0.30 Bcfd (WestPac Terminals)
50. Goldboro, NS 1.0 Bcfd (Keltic Petrochemicals)
MEXICAN APPROVED AND POTENTIAL TERMINALS
51. Altamira, Tamulipas : 0.7 Bcfd, (Shell/Total/Mitsui)**
52. Baja California, MX : 1.0 Bcfd, (Sempra & Shell)**
53. Baja California - Offshore : 1.4 Bcfd, (Chevron Texaco)
54. Lázaro Cárdenas, MX : 0.5 Bcfd (Tractebel/Repsol)
55. Puerto Libertad, MX: 1.3 Bcfd (Sonora Pacific LNG)
Office of Energy Projects
North East LNG Terminals
Legend:
Existing Terminal
Approved Terminal
Proposed Terminal: Pre-Filing
Pleasant Point, ME (36)
Proposed Terminal: Filed
Working on DEIS
Working on FEIS
Potential Terminal
Everett, MA (A)
Offshore Boston - Excelerate (38)
Offshore Boston - Tractebel (43)
Providence, RI (18)
Fall River, MA (10)
March 31, 2005
20
Somerset, MA (34)
Office of Energy Projects
Mid-Atlantic LNG Terminals
Long Island Sound, NY (21)
Philadelphia, PA (40)
Logan Township, NJ (15)
Legend:
Existing Terminal
Approved Terminal
Proposed Terminal: Pre-Filing
Proposed Terminal: Filed
Working on DEIS
Working on FEIS
Cove Point, MD (B/20)
Potential Terminal
March 31, 2005
21
Office of Energy Projects
South East LNG Terminals
Legend:
Existing Terminal
Approved Terminal
Elba Island, GA (C/7)
Proposed Terminal: Pre-Filing
Proposed Terminal: Filed
Working on DEIS
Working on FEIS
Potential Terminal
Bahamas (3/4/16)
(Pipelines only)
March 31, 2005
22
Office of Energy Projects
Gulf Coast LNG Terminals
Legend:
Existing Terminal
Approved Terminal
Proposed Terminal: Pre-Filing
Proposed Terminal: Filed
Working on DEIS
Pascagoula, MS (22/24)
Working on FEIS
Potential Terminal
Lake Charles, LA (D/1)
Port Arthur (19)
Sabine Pass, LA (6)
Cameron (25)
Golden Pass (14)
Galveston, TX (39)
Freeport, TX (5/42)
Port Lavaca, TX (26)
Corpus Christi, TX (12)
Vista Del Sol (13)
Ingleside LNG (17)
March 31, 2005
23
Hackberry (2)
Freeport
McMoran (29)
Compass
Port (30)
Gulf Landing
(9) Pearl Crossing (31)
Beacon
Port
Gulf Gateway (E)
(32)
Port Pelican (8)
Office of Energy Projects
Southwest LNG Terminals
Legend:
Existing Terminal
Approved Terminal
Proposed Terminal: Pre-Filing
Proposed Terminal: Filed
Working on DEIS
Working on FEIS
Potential Terminal
Long Beach, CA (11)
California Offshore (27/28/35)
BHP Billiton (27)
Crystal Energy (28)
March 31, 2005
24
Chevron Texaco (35)
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
North West LNG Terminals
Astoria, OR (41)
Bradwood, OR, Northern Star(23)
Legend:
Existing Terminal
Approved Terminal
Proposed Terminal: Pre-Filing
St. Helens, OR (37)
Proposed Terminal: Filed
Working on DEIS
Working on FEIS
Potential Terminal
Coos Bay, OR (33)
March 31, 2005
25
Office
Office of
of Energy
Energy Projects
Projects
FERC
LNG Properties and
Safety
• LNG is natural gas that in its liquid state at -259º
Fahrenheit - it is commonly stored and shipped at
slightly above atmospheric pressure.
• LNG is odorless, colorless, non-toxic - it neither
explodes nor burns as a liquid.
• LNG vapors are flammable only in concentrations of
5% to 15% with air and will not explode in an
unconfined environment - the ignition temperature
is more than 500º Fahrenheit higher than gasoline.
• In the past 40 years there have been more than
33,000 LNG ship voyages without a significant
accident or cargo spillage.
26
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
LNG Terminal
Siting Issues
• Safety
• Take Away Capacity
• Local acceptance
• Federal and State approvals
27
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
Opportunities for Public Involvement
28
The FERC Process:
Public Input:
• We Issue Notice of the
Application
• Project Sponsor Sends
Landowner Notification
Package
• SCOPING = We Issue
Notice of Intent to
Prepare the NEPA
Document
• Public Meeting(s)
• Contact the project
sponsor w/questions,
concerns; contact
FERC
• Send letters expressing
concerns about
environmental impact
• Attend scoping
meetings
• File an Intervention
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
Opportunities for Public
Involvement
The FERC Process:
• Issue Notice of
Availability of the DEIS
• Public Meetings on
DEIS
• Issue a Commission
Order
29
Public Input:
• File comments on the
adequacy of DEIS
• Attend public meetings
to give comments on
DEIS
• Interveners can file a
request for Rehearing
of a Commission Order
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
Recent Events
• ABS Study
• Skikda Accident
• Reorganization for Safety
• Fire Marshal Interaction
• Sandia Study
• Regional Planning
30
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
Outlook/Issues Associated
with LNG Development
• States are attempting to assert
economic jurisdiction in the postHackberry environment.
• Disinformation about safety.
• Legislative/Judicial Action
31
Office of Energy Projects
FERC
US Natural Gas Balance
100
90
80
Volume (Bcf per day)
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
-10
Years (beginning in 2000)
32
Total Production
Canada
Existing Terminals
Approved Terminals (FERC & Coast Guard)
Proposed and Planned Terminals (FERC & Coast Guard)
Net Exports to Mexico
Alaska (to Lower 48)
Demand - US
Office of Energy Projects