Transcript chickpea pigeonpea N C

Increasing production of chickpea &
pigeonpea through Intensive application of
Integrated Pest Management
Project Proposal
2010-12
Under
Accelerated Pulses Production Programme
NATIONAL CENTRE FOR INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT
LBS Building IARI Campus,
NEW DELHI
Chickpea
- Area =7.63 Mh
Production= 5.47 MT
Source DAC Govt. of India (2006-07)
Pigeonpea - Area =3.53 Mh
Production= 2.35 MT
In rainfed ecology realizing yield potential of
promising varieties depends upon management of
biotic and abiotic stresses
Edaphic
Abiotic
Biotic
Plant Diseases
Insects
Nematodes
Yield Gap in Pulses
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
Gram
Arhar
Mungbean
Potential Yield (Kg/ha)
Urdbean
Pea
Lentil
National Average Yield (Kg/ha)
Source : Expert Committee Report on Pulses (TMOP) / MOA
Estimated loss* (%) due to specific pests in
Chickpea and Pigeonpea
Chickpea
Pigeonpea
Pod borer
10-90%
Pod borer complex
Cutworm
Termites
Semilooper
5-30%
5-15%
0-10%
Phytophthora blight
Wilt
Sterlity mosaic
Alternaria blight
5-10%
10-15%
10-15%
10-15%
Podfly complex
10-50%
Wilt/rootrot 20-25%
Ascochyta
Botrytis
5-10%
5-10%
* Experimental results
40-60%
Insects
No resistance gene for podborer, hence >30% yield losses in
Chickpea
The IPM has reduced use of chemical pesticides from 4
ratio of 4.79 against 2.37 in Non-IPM
to 1
with benefit
Status of Major Pests of Pigeonpea in India
Pest
Moderate damage areas
High damage areas
Wilt
UP, Bihar, Jharkh, Guj, T N, WB
M S, Karnat, AP MP
PB
M S, W B
UP
SMV
Guj, A P
U P, Bihar, M.S., Karnat T N
Pod borer
U P, Bihar, W B, Jharkhand
M S, Guj, Karnat, A P, T N
U P, Bihar, Jhark, Pun, Hary,
U P, Bihar, Jhark, W B
(H armigera)
Pod fly
MP
Root knot
Cyst Nematode
U P, Bihar, Gujarat
MS
`
M S, A P, T N
Contribution of plant protection in increasing yield of pulses
Crop
Pigeon pea
Percentage Increase
44.57
Moog bean
42.20
Urd bean
48.50
Chickpea
Lentil
Based on field experiments
23.64
25.00
Outline of the project
OBJECTIVES
• To develop “Nuclear Model Villages” in selective districts for
demonstrating IPM modules in farmers’ participatory mode to
suit their cropping systems.
• Capacity building of technical assistants of different blocks,
district/block level officers and farmers to enhance their
capabilities towards healthy crop production through IPM
strategies.
• To develop and carryout awareness campaigns through
conventional (print) and electronic media, to reach areas not
covered under this programme.
• To establish centralized “National Pest Reporting and Alert
System” through networking of pulse growers, in addition to
strengthening of pest diagnostic laboratory.
Pigeonpea IPM Module
• Seed treatment with Trichoderma spp. To reduced wilt incidence.
Antagonists strains have potential (T. harzianum, T. viride)
• Intercropping with sorghum efficiently reduces wilt and pod borer.
• Fixing of Pheromone traps for monitoring
• Physical shaking of plants to dislodge grownup pod borer larvae.
• Spray of HaNPV for pod borer management
• Crude neem extract 5% (NSKE) against pod borer and pod fly.
• Chemical pesticides (Emamectin benzoate) under high pest load
Chickpea IPM Module
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Field sanitation
Seed treatment with Trichoderma and Rhizobium
Bird perches
Growing of Coriander/Linseed as 10th row intercrop
for build up of natural enemies
Pheromone traps for H. armigera monitoring
Spray of NSKE 5% at flowering / pod formation stage
Spray of HaNPV if necessary
Endosulfan spray / Emamectin (if epidemic situation)
Area of operation by NCIPM under A3P
State
District/ Co-operator
Area (ha)
Pigeonpea Chickpea
Andhra Pradesh
Anantapur
Laxmi Reddy
APAU, Hyderabad
1000
2000
Karnataka
Gulbarga
S L Shetty & K Gopali
UAS, Raichur
7000
5000
Madhya Pradesh
Narsinghpur
Chindwara
A K Bhowmick
JNKVV, Jabalpur
2000
1000
2000
Maharashtra
Aurangabad
Parbhani
Nanded
Osmanabad
K R Kamle
B B Bhosle
R C Lavekar
P N Patange
MAU, Parbhani
1000
2000
1000
2000
2000
1000
2000
Uttar Pradesh
Banda
Hamirpur
S K Singh
IIPR, Kanpur
1000
2000
1000
1000
Pigeonpea area under IPM in 2010
Chickpea area under IPM in 2010
Horizontal spread of IPM
Crop
Pigeonpea
Chickpea
Total Area (ha) in 2 years
Covered area
across Districts
I yr
II yr
40000
32000
72000
20000
16000
20000
16000
Selection of village = SDA + SAU to cover whole village covering maximum of
allocated unit.
Capacity Building
Activity
Venue and NCIPM partners
Training of Farmers of 36 Units
Collaborative Centres
(KVKs and SAUs)
(Twice in crop season for hollistic crop care)
Tech Asst of entire A3P (118 Units) (2 days)
(Hollistic crop care, pest surveillance , data recording and data feeding
in computer software)
Andhra Pradesh & Karnataka
ARS, Gulbarga (UAS, Raichur).
Madhya Pradesh & Chattisgarh,
JNKVV, Jabalpur
Maharashtra & Gujarat
MAU, Parbhani
Uttar Pradesh , Bihar, Orissa Rajasthan & Jharkhand
IIPR, Kanpur
Representative of State Agri., Dept involved in A3P (118
units) programme.
NCIPM, LBS Building IARI
Campus, New Delhi-12
(Refresher training to update them with advancements in the crop
protection system with emphasis on IPM)
e - Pest Surveillance System
Village Katangi, Jabalpur (MP)
Cercospora indica
• Reduction in green area
(50%)
• Severe defoliation
• Drop of flowers (> 75%)
and buds
Activity/Day
Survey by Tech
Asst
Data feeding
Advisories by
SAUs
Dissemination
of advisories
by SADs
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Village level
SAU
Data verification at
SDA level
State
Tech Asst of A3P
Elite Farmers
For 1000 ha
(Meeting at village level)
Data Entry through
Cyber Cafe
Village Boards, Media
Data Entry
Friday
SMS to farmers
Advisory
SAUs / NCIPM
State Agril. Departments
Data analysis and issue of Advisory
Monitoring, analysis & communication
e-Pest Surveillance System
Computer with net connection
application
Data collection
by Tech Asst
Data entry
Data verification by SRF
at SAU
NCIPM database server
Online pest reporting &
advisory application
Data processing
Advisory dispersed to
Farmers through SMS
Pest advisory viewed by
state dept officials
Pest advisory fed into the
system by experts
Pest reports generated by above
application in diff. formats i.e.
tabular, graphical and maps
Networking
4 ICAR Institutes
3 SAUs & SAD
944 contractual staff
30 lakh ha. cotton and
soybean each
10 lakh ha. of pigonpea and
chickpea each
Project outlay for 2009-10: Rs 12.79 crore
GIS Based Mapping System
Advisory Search
Advisory View
Seedling mortality is a key constraint in and around Jabalpur
Recommended seed rate
:
70-100 kg/ha
Seed rate in use
:
120-150 kg/ha
3 days
7 days
Strains of bioagents used as seed dresser are effective
against Fusarium wilt, however not effective against
Sclerotium rolfsii
Screening of some isolates of Trichoderma against F. ciceri
Soils from disease conducive as well as
suppressive fields will be collected for
analysis and identification of pathogen
biotypes. Associated pathogens will be
isolated for identification and their
effective management and mapping of
their occurrence at country level.
Likely Outputs
Quantitative
• Increase in Pulse production - reduction in pest incidence / intensity and saved yields.
• Farmers - decision makers of their own fields.
economic upliftment through better C:B ratio
e.g., Chickpea
IPM 1:4.79
Pigeonpea
IPM 1:2.96
FP 1:2.37
FP 1:1.87
• Reduced dependence on chemical pesticides
e.g.,Chickpea
Pigeonpea
IPM 1
IPM 2
FP 4
FP 6
• Increase in IPM coverage - healthy environment for human being as well as for pest defenders.
• Establishing and strengthening - quality control laboratory, critical IPM inputs producing
units at SAUs / KVK will serve as a local source of critical IPM inputs.
Qualitative
• Improvement of soil health – in terms of conservation of soil inhabiting beneficial flora and
fauna