Transcript High Energy Physics Briefing to the Astronomy and Astrophysics Advisory Committee

Department of Energy
Office of Science
High Energy Physics
Briefing to the
Astronomy and Astrophysics Advisory Committee
Dr. Robin Staffin
Associate Director, Office of High Energy Physics
DOE Office of Science
October 11, 2005
Department of Energy
Omnis HEP divisa est in partes quatuor
Office of Science
Quarum:
1. Accelerator based physics : the field’s primary tools
 Construction and operation of accelerators and detectors and
research activities in these facilities
• Proton based accelerator: Tevatron, LHC (in construction),
K2K, NuMI, MiniBooNE
• Electron based accelerator: B-Factories—BaBar and Belle
2. Non-accelerator physics: a growing and important sector to HEP
 Atmospheric & solar neutrinos: Super-K, KamLAND, SNO
 Particle astrophysics & cosmology: GLAST, Auger, VERITAS, SDSS,
CDMS-II, AMS, CMB
3. Theory
 Elementary particle theory
 Major computing efforts: simulation, data storage, distribution, &
analysis
4. Technology R&D
 R&D for accelerator and detector technologies
Department of Energy
High Energy Physics Program
Office of Science
 Goals: Ultimate Unification & Extra Dimensions
Operating:
CDF and DZero
MiniBooNE
BaBar
Super-K
K2K
KamLAND
NUMI/MINOS
Fermilab Tevatron
Top quark, Higgs, SUSY, extra dimensions
Fermilab Main Injector
Neutrino mixing
SLAC B-factory (electrons)
Matter-antimatter, b quark, CP violation
Japan (non-accelerator)
Proton decay, neutrino mixing
Japan (accelerator neutrinos)Neutrino mixing
Japan (reactor neutrinos)
Neutrino mixing
Fermilab MI (protons)
Neutrino mixing (long baseline)
Under Construction:
ATLAS & CMS
CERN LHC (protons)
Proposed:
International Linear Collider
Electron Neutrino Appearance Experiment
Reactor Neutrino Experiment
High Intensity Neutrino Beam
Higgs, SUSY, extra dimensions
Higgs, SUSY, extra dimensions
Neutrino mass, mixing, hierarchy
Neutrino mixing
Neutrino mass, mixing, hierarchy
Department of Energy
High Energy Physics Program
Office of Science
 Goal: Cosmic Connections
Operating:
Sloan Digital Sky Survey (w/NASA, NSF, foreign)
Supernova Cosmology Project, Nearby Supernova Factory
(w/NSF & NASA)
CMB
Cold Dark Matter Search (CDMS-II) (underground, w/NSF)
Approved & Under Construction:
Large Area Telescope (LAT) – GLAST, 2007 (w/NASA, foreign)
Pierre Auger – ground array in Argentina (w/NSF, foreign)
AMS – Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer – ISS (w/NASA, foreign)
VERITAS – telescope in Arizona (w/NSF, SAO)
AXION search
3D sky map, dark energy
dark energy
cosmology
dark matter in cosmic rays
gamma rays, dark matter
high energy cosmic rays
cosmic antimatter
high energy gamma rays
dark matter search
Proposed (far from an exhaustive list, trust me):
Joint Dark Energy Mission (JDEM)
Large-aperture Survey Telescope (LST)
dark energy
dark energy
Enriched Xenon Observatory (EXO)
Dark Energy Survey Telescope (DES)
(Majorana) neutrino mass
dark energy
Department of Energy
The DOE HEP program in
FY 2006
•
Overall HEP budget and priorities in FY 2006:
– Tevatron and B-factory will be fully supported
– LHC preparations will be fully supported
– Core research program at the universities and
laboratories will be maintained
– Investment for near and long term new initiatives
(including ILC R&D and neutrinos) will be increased
•
Any new initiatives will have to come from re-direction
Office of Science
Department of Energy
Opportunities
Office of Science
1000
Very Approximate!
BTeV
opportunity
ILC
Accelerator Ops
LHC
Core Research
0
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Department of Energy
International Linear Collider (ILC): Update
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Office of Science
Superconducting RF technology chosen for ILC. Governments
accepted the choice at last year’s FALC meeting.
A Global Design Effort (GDE) was established this year.
– Fully international -- the Americas, Europe, Asia
– To prepare a baseline design, cost estimate, site criteria
Barry Barish named Director of the GDE
– Regional Directors manage regional R&D
– Cost engineers in each region to create a common cost framework
– Civil Engineers in each region cooperatively developing site criteria
– Communications person in each region
About 25 FTEs (50 people) mostly resident at existing world labs.
Department of Energy
An ILC Roadmap
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Office of Science
…
Global Design Effort
Baseline configuration
Reference Design
Project
LHC
Physics
Technical Design
ILC R&D Program
Expression of Interest to Host
International Mgmt
Department of Energy
Learning from Other Large Projects
Office of Science
There are many lessons from other large projects:
• ITER guidance for international scientific projects
• SNS experience on integrated engineering support within DOE national
laboratories
• Learn from the failure of the SSC
• Design and management techniques from NASA & very large telescope
projects
• Retain flexibility to allow use of technical advances
Department of Energy
GLAST
(Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope)
Office of Science
Scientific Purpose - measures the energy (20 MeV to 300 GeV) and direction
of celestial gamma-rays with good resolution over wide field of view to:
• study mechanism of particle acceleration in astrophysical sources
• determine high energy behavior of gamma ray bursts and transient sources
• search for dark matter candidates
Large Area Telescope (LAT)
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Primary instrument on the NASA GLAST Mission – managed by SLAC
Partnership between DOE and NASA
 Collaborators from France, Italy, Japan and Sweden
Fabrication cost $155.8M; DOE share is $45M
Schedule:
 As of end of July 2005, fabrication is 95% complete
 On schedule to meet CD-4 in March 2006
 Commissioning and spacecraft integration begins in 2006
 GLAST launch in August 2007
Department of Energy
VERITAS
(Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array
System)

Scientific Purpose: Study of celestial sources of very high
energy gamma-ray sources in the energy range of 50 GeV50 TeV & search for dark matter candidates
–
Using atmospheric Cherenkov 4- telescope
array at Kitt Peak

Collaboration: NSF, DOE + contributions from Smithsonian
& foreign institutions

Funding: DOE TPC = $4.7M

Schedule: Fabrication scheduled for completion at end of
FY 2006.
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Status: In April 2005, work at Kitt Peak was stopped so
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) process could be
redone according to specifications, in response to suit filed
by Tohono O’odham Indian Nation.
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Telescope 1 fabrication
NSF is leading the NEPA process with DOE
cooperating.
It is possible that the fabrication will not be
completed on the above schedule.
Artist’s conception
Office of Science
Department of Energy
Dark Energy – Current Activities
Office of Science

Dark Energy Task Force - subpanel of AAAC/HEPAP formed – to report 12/05

Planning Joint Dark Energy Mission with NASA
• High priority in DOE Strategic Plan
• DOE/NASA Science Definition Team has formed

Investigating Future Dark Energy Measurements from the Ground → possibilities include Dark
Energy Survey (~ $20M) camera and/or the Large Survey Telescope (~$100M)

Supernova Cosmology Project
• Operations continuing using ground and Hubble Space Telescope measurements to collect
statistics and refine results

Nearby Supernova Factory – continues operations; measurements of nearby supernovae
Department of Energy
Office of Science
Advisory Processes
Department of Energy
Advisory Process - Scale of Program
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One must go through a straw-man exercise to see if a reasonable subset of these
initiatives could be worked into a realistic portfolio
Make reasonable assumptions about
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Office of Science
Tevatron and B-factory operations roll-off
ILC R&D ramp-up
US LHC
New mid-scale mid-term initiatives
Bottom line is that O($50-100M) per year may be available to invest in new initiatives
by the end of the decade
Complications:
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Any $ envelope will depend strongly on facility operations and LC R&D funding in the
out-years
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Not all projects are equal in science or scope, even within a given physics area
 Are developing a set of criteria to evaluate projects
Department of Energy
Advisory Process - Suggested Criteria
Office of Science
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Scientific Potential : to what extent does the project have the ability to change our
fundamental view of the universe?
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Relevance: is the science important to DOE/HEP’s mission?
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Value: does the level of scientific potential match the level of investment?
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Alternatives: are there more cost-effective alternatives to get at the same (or most of the
same) physics?
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Timeliness: will the results come at the right time to have sufficient impact?
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International: are similar efforts underway in other countries? Are there potential
international partners for this effort?
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Infrastructure: Does the project exploit, or help to evolve, existing infrastucture
(including human capital)
Department of Energy
Recent HEP Advisory Panels
Office of Science
Panel
Reports to
Topic(s)
Reports Due
P5
HEPAP
B-factory + Tevatron Ops
New mid-scale initiatives
Nov 2005
mid 2006
NuSAG
HEPAP & NSAC
Double Beta Decay Exp’ts
Reactor and off-axis expt’s
Super nu beam options
Sep 1, 2005
Dec 2005
mid 2006
ARD
HEPAP
US Accel R&D program
July 2006
Dark Energy
Task Force
HEPAP & AAAC
Dark Energy techniques
Dec 2005
CMB Task Force
HEPAP & AAAC
Future CMB initiatives
July 11, 2005
ILC & LHC
HEPAP
ILC/LHC “synergy”
(short version sent to EPP2010)
July 27, 2005
HEP Resource
Working Group
HEPAP
Are there enough physicists to
rim the program?
Fall 2005
Department of Energy
The Role of P5
Office of Science
Recently re-constituted for 2 years
• To develop and maintain the roadmap of the field
• To address relative priorities of (medium-sized) proposed projects within the
program context
(Ideally) P5 would be asked to compare the recommended options from the SAG
process and prioritize relative to one another
(More realistically) P5 will be given a nominal (optimistic but not “blue sky”)
envelope of available funding for new initiatives and asked to prioritize
within that constraint
Department of Energy
NuSAG
•
Part of a new advisory process
– SAG’s to select “best in class”
– P5 to balance/prioritize areas
•
A Neutrino Scientific Advisory Group (NuSAG) initiated in March
– Asked to address
• Choice of Reactor neutrino experiment
• Choice of Off-axis neutrino experiment
• Choice of neutrinoless double beta decay experiment
– Also will be asked for recommendation on high intensity neutrino beam(s).
•
NuSAG is a joint subpanel of HEPAP and NSAC
– Reports through HEPAP to DOE-HEP and NSF;
– through NSAC to DOE-NP and NSF
Office of Science
We are considering how to set up an analogous SAG process for other scientific topics
such as dark matter, dark energy and particle astrophysics.
Department of Energy
Review of Accelerator R&D Program
Office of Science
Initiated a comprehensive review of all aspect of the accelerator R&D programs supported by DOEHEP and NSF-EPP
Specific Charge
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National Goals: Describe the needs and goals required for a rich and productive future program in
accelerator based particle physics
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Scope: Description of current program
Quality:
– Appraisal of scientific and technical quality of work being supported
– How US effort rates relative to worldwide effort
Relevance:
– How well the work being supported matches the needs and goals of HEP program
– Missing items? Over-emphasized or under supported areas?
Resources:
– Does the program have adequate resources to carry out the scope?
– Does the program make most efficient use of available resources?
Management:
– How well program is managed both in the field and in the agencies
– Setting goals, priorities, resource allocations, program balance & reporting
Training: Is Training of future accelerator work force adequately addressed?
Department of Energy
HEPAP Resource Study
Office of Science
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HEPAP charged a task force in late 2004 to look at whether there is sufficient
personnel (experimental physicists) in the U.S. HEP program to run the portfolio
of current and planned experiments through ~2010.
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Worked with DOE and NSF to develop a survey of all funded groups on their
future plans for research activities, assuming constant effort.
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Developed a similar survey for the significant experiments (“how many people do
you need?”). Revised and scrubbed estimates of “needs.”
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Compared answers, benchmarked on actual 2004 FTE data. Essentially 100%
response.
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Bottom line: OK through 2007, assuming constant effort.
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Collaborations, labs, agencies working on Tevatron-LHC transition in 2008-9; will
depend strongly on Tevatron, LHC luminosities and whether Tevatron exp’ts have
evidence of new physics.
Department of Energy
Advisory Processes
- working together with NSF and NASA
•
Office of Science
Many of the new initiatives involve multiple agencies: existing advisory
panels are not always optimally configured.
A hierarchy of questions to be addressed:
1. Overall shape of field – “grand strategy”
– National Academies study (EPP2010), HEPAP…
2. What priority to give to medium scale area X vs. area Y? – “strategy”
– Re-establish the P5 panel
3. What is the best project in area X? – “tactics”
– Scientific Advisory Group (SAG)
– Anticipate several of these with different reporting lines to cover the
various areas
Department of Energy
National Academies Panel EPP2010
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Office of Science
A new “decadal survey”
– Lay out the grand questions that are driving our field
– Describe the opportunities that are ripe for discovery
– Identify the tools that are necessary to achieve the scientific goals
– Articulate the connections to other sciences and to society
– Foster emerging worldwide collaboration
– Recommend a 15 year implementation plan with realistic, ordered priorities
Not your typical high energy physics advisory panel. It includes
– Non-physicists
• Strengthen connections with society
• Sharpen the physics questions
– Non-particle physicists
• Engage other scientific communities
– International participants
• Place US HEP in the international setting
www.nationalacademies.org/bpa/epp2010.html
Department of Energy
DOE-NP
NSF
DOE-HEP
NASA
EPP
2010
HEPAP
NSAC
AAAC
P5
Tactics

Strategy
Agencies
Advisory Committee Flow Chart
NuSAG
Other SAG’s
Office of Science