Transcript Document 7261813

Department of Energy
Office of Science
DOE Office of High Energy Physics
Report to the
Astronomy and Astrophysics Advisory Committee
Dr. Robin Staffin
Associate Director of Science
for High Energy Physics
May 10, 2007
Department of Energy
A Wealth of Advice
Topic(s)
Office of Science
Panel
Reports to
Reports Due or Approved
EPP2010
National Research Council report on long term
priorities in the HEP program
April 2006
P5
HEPAP
New mid-scale initiatives
June 2006
Dark Energy
Task Force (DETF)
HEPAP & AAAC
Dark Energy techniques
June 2006
Dark Matter Science HEPAP & AAAC
Assessment Group
(DMSAG)
Direct Detection of Dark Matter July 2007
University Grant
Program Subpanel
(UGPS)
Review of the Grant Program
HEPAP
NRC Beyond Einstein DOE & NASA
Program Assessment
Committee (BEPAC)
July 2007
Which of the 5 Beyond Einstein Sept. 2007
Missions should go first?
Department of Energy
Particle Physics: Planning and
Prioritizing the Scientific Program
Office of Science
EPP2010 Charge from HEP and NSF:
• Identify, articulate, and prioritize the
scientific questions and opportunities that
define elementary particle physics
• Recommend a 15-year implementation
plan with realistic, ordered priorities to
realize these opportunities
Chief Recommendation:
The United States should remain globally competitive in elementary particle physics
by playing a leading role in the worldwide effort to aggressively study Terascale
physics.
Department of Energy
EPP2010 Priorities
•
Office of Science
Terascale & LHC
– “Fully exploit opportunities afforded by…the LHC”
•
Terascale & ILC R&D
– “Do what is necessary to mount a compelling bid…for the
ILC on U.S. soil…”Central effort in U.S. plan.”
•
Expand Particle Astrophysics and Unification (CMB, Dark
Matter, Dark Energy)
•
Neutrinos and Proton Decay (internationally coordinated,
staged program)
•
Precision Measurements (future B Factory, lepton flavor
violation and rare decays, g-2, EDM)
Department of Energy
HEP Budget Top Line
Office of Science
FY 2006
Actual
(includes
SBIR/STTR)
FY 2007
Request
FY 2007
Actual
FY 2008
Request
Percentage FY2007
Actual to
FY2008 Request
HEP Base
Budget
716.7
775.1
752
782.2
4.0%
Base + BES
SLAC LINAC
Operations
Supplement*
746.1
815.1
790
843.7
6.8%
*BES Supplement Terminates in 2008 with B Factory Run
Department of Energy
FY2008 Macroeconomics
*
Office of Science
•
After a pause, new HEP construction projects will be ramping up.
– NOvA (NUMI Off Axis Neutrino Appearance Experiment)
– MINERVA neutrino cross section measurements
– Daya Bay neutrino experiment w/China
– Dark Energy Survey (Stage 3) w/NSF*
•
ILC R&D is ramping up to a $60M* request for FY2008, increased from
$42M actual in FY2007
•
Conversion of Capital to Operating of the past decade is also over. Reconverting Operating to Capital has begun. Not an easy step.
•
Running the Tevatron, B Factory, and NUMI going full steam. Power
and consumables costs increasing.
•
This is not a relaxed program, both in currently operating facilities and
in preparing for the next decade’s activities. Neither is it tension-free.
Department of Energy
LHC to Start Up in 2008.
•The LHC physics program is a broad attack on the
Terascale: the experiments should observe the
Higgs boson at any feasible mass, and discover
the new physics widely expected to supplant the
Standard Model.
•Approximately half of the US Experimental HEP
community is working on building detectors at the
LHC, commissioning the accelerator and preparing
software for onslaught on the science
•DOE is funding its LHC commitments to keep up
with inflation
•University support is recognized in this context
(e.g. additional travel funds for universities, and
modest student and postdoc support)
•R&D on future upgrades to maximize on original
investment
Office of Science
Department of Energy
LHC
Office of Science
Department of Energy
Closing in on the Higgs at the Tevatron
Office of Science
Direct Tevatron searches are gaining on the SM Higgs. Individual
experiments rule out signal at 5 -10 times expected cross section
with 1 fb-1.
With full data sample
(~8fb-1), average of
experiments (not done yet)
and improvements in
analysis, can rule out SM
Higgs if mass < 180 GeV
or discover for mass < 120
GeV.
Department of Energy
ILC Progress
Office of Science
At the beginning of 2006, the Global Design Group led by B.
Barish had established a baseline configuration to guide the
Reference Design Report (RDR) and costing process.
• March (Bangalore): establish the organization for
RDR and guidelines for change control, design and
cost methods.
• July (Vancouver): first look at costs and
identification of areas where cost savings could occur.
• November (Valencia): freeze the design, start the
final report and cost study.
• February `07(Beijing): Release RDR and cost
Department of Energy
Office of Science
The schedule for ILC is under considerable discussion, with technical milestones only a
piece of the issue.
Ray Orbach at HEPAP in 2/07, while restating the priority to achieve the ILC based on its
scientific promise, noted that based on our experience, the time to reach international
agreements (site, shares, organization) and time for R&D and construction would stretch
out this timeline to the mid-2020s.
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
~2010
Global Design Effort
Baseline configuration
Project
LHC Results
Reference Design/ initial cost
Technical Design
regional
ILCSC
ILC R&D Program
globally coordinated
FALC
ILC Lab
International
Management
Department of Energy
SCRF – A New Budget Category in FY08
•
•
•
•
•
High-gradient superconducting RF will
have broad applications for new
scientific facilities – XFELs, ERLs, high
intensity proton sources for neutrino
factories, neutron sources, rare isotope
studies.
ILC a strong driver for extending SCRF
activities.
R&D facilities for developing new
cavity fabrication methods, surface
processing, materials characterization.
Test facilities for single cavities,
cryomodules, beam injection, RF,
controls, and diagnostics.
Developing productive interactions
with US industry to bring US capability
to world standards.
Office of Science
Department of Energy
Technical Progress in SRF Cavities
Office of Science
The first multi-cell superconducting cavities processed in the US in JLab
(manufactured in Europe) have been tested. One reached 42 MV/m and one 30
MV/m. (ILC specification is 35 MV/m for operation at 31.5 MV/m). Yield at these
higher gradients is a key challenge.
A single cell cavity at Cornell
reached 54 MV/m
Department of Energy
Miniboone
Office of Science
Earlier results from LANL
suggested the existence of a 4th
neutrino species that does not
interact with the electroweak
interaction. In a long-awaited new
result, the MiniBoone
collaboration has ruled out this
possibility.
Department of Energy
Dark Energy
Office of Science
•
The Long and Winding Road:
– NASA and DOE are jointly sponsoring a National Academy
study “Beyond Einstein Program Assessment Committee”,
due in September 2007, to advise NASA by identifying the
highest priority among the five proposed NASA “Beyond
Einstein” missions
– Should this top priority be the Joint Dark Energy Mission
(JDEM), DOE and NASA would propose to proceed with this
mission.
•
DOE/HEP will also provide funding for dark energy concepts to
support R&D activities that can deliver advances in key areas
identified by the Dark Energy Task Force report.
– These concepts can be near or longer-term and can be
ground and/or space-based.
– Have 32 Dark Energy R&D proposals; decisions at the end
of May
Department of Energy
Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)
Office of Science
Science 
- Galaxy surveys, dark matter, dark energy + astronomy
- June 2006: 5th public data release
Now have data on 8000 square degrees of sky, with 1,048,960 spectra.
SDSS-I took data since 1998 through June 2005
SDSS-II approved through June 2008 and doing 3 surveys:
Sloan Legacy Survey, SEGUE, and Sloan Supernova Survey
Collaboration: ~ 25 institutions around the world
Funding: Sloan Foundation, NSF, DOE, Japan, Germany, U.K., + participating
institutions
120 mega-pixel camera covers
1.5 square degrees
Future: Collaboration is planning SDSS-III with a baryon oscillation dark energy
study etc.
Recent Science News:
Jan.’07 – discovery of dwarf
galaxies orbiting the Milky Way
Feb. ’07 – Distant quasars live in
massive dark matter halos
640 optical fiber spectrograph
2.5 m Telescope in
Apache Point, New Mexico
Department of Energy
VERITAS
(Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System)
Scientific Purpose: Study of celestial sources
of very high energy gamma-ray sources in
the energy range of 50 GeV- 50 TeV & search
for dark matter candidates
– 4-telescope atmospheric Cherenkov array
Funding Agencies: NSF, DOE + contributions
from Smithsonian & foreign institutions
T1
T2
Office of Science
Status: VERITAS telescopes were
installed at the Whipple Observatory
Basecamp on Mt. Hopkins and started
full engineering operations at the end
of March 2007 while waiting for Kitt
Peak access.
 They have been approved for a 2
year engineering run at Whipple,
through 2008.
Telescope 1
T4
T3
VERITAS Operating at Mt. Hopkins SPECIFICATIONS:
Energy threshold ~ 100GeV
Angular resolution ~ 4'
Collecting area ~ 5 ×104 m2
Department of Energy
VERITAS Detections – as of April 2007
 Crab Nebula, Blazars, Quasars, Radio Galaxy
Crab Nebula,
5s in 2 mins
Blazar Mrk 421
z=0.03
Crab Nebula,
Q2 Plot, 7hrs, 10g/min
Blazar Mrk 501, z=0.03
11 hrs, 0.8 g/min
Office of Science
mQuasar LSI+61 303
Phase 0.63-0.71
mQuasar LSI+61 303
Phase 0.75-0.88
Blazar 1ES1218+30
z=0.182
Radio Galaxy
M87
Department of Energy
Dark Matter Searches
Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) experiment
Purpose: direct detection of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles
(WIMPS) – in Soudan Mine in Minnesota
Data-taking: Full ops with 5
towers started in 2006 & continues
through FY07.
Results – World’s lowest exclusion
limits on the WIMP cross section.
Liquid Xenon Detectors: We are
currently supporting Zeplin-II and
Xenon-10 detectors now taking data
in Europe. They may have results
similar to CMDS-II 2005 this year.
Axion Dark Matter Search (ADMX) experiment at Lawrence
Livermore Lab in California – testing and commissioning in 2007.
DMSag: Under discussion at this AAAC meeting
Office of Science
CDMS detector
Department of Energy
Pierre Auger – high energy cosmic ray detector
array (collaboration w/NSF & foreign partners)
Office of Science
Scientific goal is to
observe, understand
and characterize the
very highest energy
cosmic rays.
Water Cherenkov surface detectors
Collaboration has ~
350 members from 18
countries
Installed over 3000
km2 site in Argentina
Partial operations have started – construction expected to
be completed in 2007.
Fluorescence telescopes
James Cronin School for
Outreach recently inaugurated.
Current status (as of end of April 2007)
- All fluorescence telescopes operating
- 1307 (out of 1600) surface Cherenkov detectors deployed, 1190
taking data
- Landowners issue for site access to deploy final surface detectors
should be solved soon
Collaboration is working on an Auger-North design report
Department of Energy
Gamma Ray Large Area Space Telescope
(GLAST) Mission – with NASA
High energy gamma rays from space
-Energy and direction from 20 MeV to
300 GeV over wide field of view
Primary Instrument: Large Area Telescope (LAT)
-- Collaboration between NASA, DOE, France,
Italy, Japan, Sweden – was managed at SLAC.
Jan ’06 - LAT instrument fabrication complete
May ’06 - Shipped from SLAC to NRL
Sept ’06 - Shipped to Phoenix for integration on
spacecraft
Jan. ’07 – integrated on spacecraft; testing
April ’07 – start final environmental testing
Large Area Telescope – Oct. 2005
Office of Science
~ Oct. ’07 – ship to KSC
~ Dec ’07 - GLAST launch scheduled
Department of Energy
Dark Energy – Planning & Future
Office of Science
 Investigating future space and/or ground telescopes in cooperation with NASA and NSF.
Panels/Reports
Dark Energy Task Force – subpanel of AAAC & HEPAP reported in June 2006
- recommended a mix of experiments with independent and complementary measurements
to address dark energy.
HEPAP P5 prioritization subpanel recommended that DOE and NSF jointly pursue the Dark
Energy Survey (DES) project, a small-scale ground-based experiment that can provide
significant advances in our knowledge of dark energy in the near term in a cost-effective
manner. P5 also recommended that R&D be done for large-scale ground-based and spacebased dark energy experiments to get them to a preliminary design stage.
NRC Beyond Einstein Program Assessment Committee (BEPAC) – DOE and NASA funded
study that will report in Sept. 2007; which of the five Beyond Einstein missions should go first.
Department of Energy
HEP P5 Roadmap vs. FY2008
Request
1. Highest priority: “investigations
at the energy frontier. These
are the full range of activities
for the LHC program and the
R&D for the ILC.”
2. A near-term program in dark
matter and dark energy, and
specific neutrino
measurements: CDMS 25 kg,
DES, Daya Bay. Also, support
long-term R&D in these areas.
3. “Construction of the NOvA
experiment at Fermilab along
with a program of modest
machine improvements.”
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Office of Science
Support for LHC physics through
university grants (~$26M) and LHC
Research Program ($50M)
ILC R&D request at $60M, increased
support for SCRF R&D
Daya Bay fabrication begins in
FY2008 (TPC: $29M)
DES fabrication begins in FY2008*
(TPC: $20M)
CDMS 25kg to be considered for
FY2009
Long-term R&D for dark matter,
dark energy, neutrinos continues
NOvA fabrication begins in FY2008
(delayed from FY2007 by CR). TPC:
Not to exceed $260M. Accelerator
improvements to provide additional
beam power to NuMI is included in
project.
*Subject to successful review of
interested agencies
Department of Energy
DOE High Energy Physics
FY05 DOE-funded FTE’s in
Physics Research - University Program
Program
#faculty
postdoc
research
scientists
#grad
students
Office of Science
# techs,
engineers
Theory
214.5
2.2
101.4
111.8
Experiments
– Accelerator based
270.1
81.1
236.1
306.2
11.4
Experiments
– Non-Accelerator based
43.3
17.4
27.9
47.0
0.9
FNAL – Tevatron – CDF
44.5
13.2
56.8
65.6
2.0
35.9
5.5
34.0
47.6
1.2
-- neutrinos
26.6
4.9
16.8
25.8
--
-- fixed target + other
10.0
0.5
7.0
12.0
--
45.0
8.8
42.8
72.8
0.8
BNL – fixed target + RHIC
2.5
4.4
1.9
0.9
0.1
Cornell - CLEO
9.4
1.0
7.7
11.4
--
JLAB – Radphi, GlueX
0.4
--
1.1
0.2
0.5
- Tevatron - Dzero
SLAC – BaBar
Department of Energy
DOE High Energy Physics
FY05 DOE-funded FTE’s in
Physics Research - University Program
Program
Office of Science
#faculty
Res. Scien
Postdoc
Students
# Eng/tech
CERN – ATLAS
27.8
16.3
15.2
12.6
2.8
CERN – CMS
33.9
21.8
29.8
20.0
3.4
CERN – OPAL, NA48, NOMAD
0.8
--
0.9
1.0
--
Japan – K2K
2.8
1.6
3.2
4.0
--
Japan – Belle, E391
6.1
1.0
9.0
13.2
--
Other – BES, Zeus, KLOE
4.1
--
3.2
6.0
0.2
Accelerator R&D incl Mu-Coll
3.4
--
2.2
0.7
--
Detector R&D
3.6
0.7
2.2
5.3
0.3
Linear Collider R&D Phys & Det.
8.0
0.3
2.0
4.3
--
Future – accel & non-accel
5.4
0.9
0.2
2.9
--
Astro/Cosmo – space
10.3
9.8
3.3
7.0
--
Astro/Cosmo – ground, undergnd
20.7
4.6
14.3
23.2
0.2
Neutrino ground, underground
10.7
1.9
10.0
15.5
0.7