Transcript Chapter 21: Civil Rights Section 3: Challenges and Changes

Chapter 21:
Civil Rights
Section 3:
Challenges and Changes
in the Movement
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California Academic Standards: 11.10.4 11.10.5 &
11.11. 5
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11.10 Students analyze the development of federal civil
rights and voting rights.
.4 Examine the roles of civil rights advocates (e.g., A. Philip Randolph,
Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcom X, Thurgood Marshall, James Farmer, Rosa
Parks), including the significance of Martin Luther King, Jr. 's "Letter from
Birmingham Jail" and "I Have a Dream" speech.
.5 Discuss the diffusion of the civil rights movement of African Americans
from the churches of the rural South and the urban North, including the
resistance to racial desegregation in Little Rock and Birmingham, and how the
advances influenced the agendas, strategies, and effectiveness of the quests of
American Indians, Asian Americans, and Hispanic Americans for civil rights
and equal opportunities.
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11.11 Students analyze the major social problems and
domestic policy issues in contemporary American
society.
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.5 Trace the impact of, need for, and controversies associated with
environmental conservation, expansion of the national park system, and the
development of environmental protection laws, with particular attention to the
interaction between environmental protection advocates and property rights
Objectives:
 Following
lecture and reading of this
section, students will be able to:
1. Compare segregation in the North with
segregation in the South
2. Name leaders who shaped the Black
Power movement
3. Describe reaction to the assassination
of Martin Luther King Jr.
4. Summarize the accomplishments of
the civil rights movement
What
was segregation like in
the North vs. the South?
In the mid-1960s, differences
over tactics create divisions in
the civil rights movement
While
still sharing the goals of racial
equality and greater opportunity, civil
rights groups began to drift apart as
new leaders emerged and turned
attention atrocities in the North
The
problem in the North was de
facto segregation (Segregation that
exists by practice and custom,
harder to fight than de jure
segregation [segregation by law])
De facto segregation is harder to
fight because eliminating it requires
the transformation of racist
attitudes rather than the repeal of
Jim Crow Laws.
Activists would find it much more
difficult to convince whites to share
economic and social power with African
Americans than to convince them to
share lunch counters and bus seats
In
the North, de facto
segregation traps many African
Americans in decaying slums, as
“white flight” sees many whites
move to suburbs because of the
influx of African Americans
moving into the city
 Landlords
refused to comply with
housing and safety ordinances, schools
and neighborhoods deteriorated,
unemployment rose among African
Americans, police brutality grew tired
 Urban riots reveal that many African
Americans suffer economic and
political inequality
 Harlem riot sparked after 15 year old
African American killed in clash with
police
 The
Watts riots broke out in Los
Angeles in 1965, $30 million in
damages, 34 deaths
 Over 100 cities erupted in riots and
whites could not understand why
blacks would turn to violence after
winning so many civil rights victories
 Some white leaders realized African
Americans wanted and needed
economic equality of opportunity in
jobs, housing, and education
 In
1964 before the riots began LBJ
announced his plans of a war on
poverty and the Great Society; MLK Jr.
claimed that the Great Society had
been shot down on the battlefields of
Vietnam
 Who were the leaders that shaped
the Black Power movement?
 Malcolm X appeals to a growing sense
of African American pride, and those
African Americans who believe they
should take complete control of…
…their communities, livelihoods, and
cultures
 Malcolm X (Little) was jailed at age 20
for burglary, and while in prison
studied the teachings of Elijah
Muhamed, the head of the Nation of
Islam, or the Black Muslims
 Malcolm dropped Little believing it was
his slave name, became a minister in
1952 of the Islamic religion, and
became a famous disciple
 He
preached whites were cause of
the condition blacks found
themselves in and they should
separate from white society
 He got a lot of publicity for his
views (1) call for armed self-defense
(2) resentment of other members
of Nation of Islam
 Malcolm X departed from his
practice with Muhammad over
differences in strategy and doctrine
 He
went to Mecca, a trip required of
orthodox Muslims, there he radically
change his view after hearing of the
equality of the races.
 His later efforts to temper AfricanAmerican separatism alienated many
Black Muslims, three of whom
assassinate him on February 21, 1965
 Group work I am going to assign six
groups with six people in each group:
1
person will be the recorder
 3 people will be researchers and
consultants
 1 will be an artistic consultant and
 1 will be the illustrator
 You will be turning in your researched
information with all group members
names on it, and an illustration.
 Two people from your group will
present, the recorder will present the
information from your sub-section,…
…and the consultant will present the
illustration
 You will have about 12-15 minutes to
have everything completed and ready
to present
 Presenters will come up to the front of
the room.
 Presentations should take about 1-2
minutes each
 Any Questions?
 GO