Transcript Document 7191931

Coherence in Global Policy
Making for Sustainable
Economic Development and
Poverty Reduction
Michele Ruiters, PhD
Institute for Global Dialogue (IGD)
[email protected]
www.igd.org.za
Partnerships for Development
 MDG 8 commits governments to ‘develop a
global partnership for development’
 Policy coherence for development – issues
beyond aid: trade, migration, investment,
climate change, arms exports, organised
crime, etc.
 Assumption that trade leads to development
 Open developing markets to developed
partners
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Global policy
 Cancún – symmetry in global governance
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architecture, improve negotiating processes, increase
political will and public support to address issues,
where policies clash, focus on development rationale
Doha Development Agenda (2001) – reform and
liberalisation of trade policy for growth, development
and recovery
World Summit on Sustainable Development (2002)
Beijing Platform for Action
Millennium Development Goals
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Singapore Issues (1996)
 Investment
 Competition Policy
 Transparency in Government Procurement
 Trade facilitation
Linked to:
 Aid for Trade – how to contribute most
effectively to development agenda
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What is Policy Coherence for
Development?
 Coined by OECD-DAC 1991
 UN Millennium Declaration (2000) –
developed countries to ensure adequate
resources and policy coherence, and to
balance the responsibilities of developing and
developed countries when reporting on
development progress.
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Monterrey Consensus (2002)
 International Conference on Finance for
Development
 Commitment to support development in developing
countries.
Responsibility of:
 Developing nations – good governance, good policies
and conflict resolution
 Developed countries – increased and more effective
aid and policy coherence
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Characteristics of Policy Coherence
 Combination of local, national, regional and
international policy decisions aimed at resolving
particular challenges
 Development policies interact with informal
institutions – norms, practices, codes of conduct
 International organisations and donors are well
placed to create policy coherence across their aid
packages e.g. DFID, EU, European Economic
Commission, OECD
 policies that support specific efforts to help and
sustain the development process (OECD)
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Policy Incoherence
 Actions that reduce current income and
growth prospects in developing countries and
thus run counter to aid policies that work to
develop their competitiveness, i.e. their
capacity to capture the benefits of
globalisation – OECD, 2003.
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Benefits of Policy Coherence
 Benefits of globalisation to be more equitably
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distributed and shared
Build political agreement among stakeholders
Combine and harmonise efforts and resources to
address areas of need (human security issues)
Policy synergies across a range of issues (trade,
security, health, education) support the achievement
of development objectives
Policy coherence saves time, money and effort and
targets neediest communities
Policy coherence could be achieved through policy
impact assessments and sharing of best practices
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Policy Coherence Initiatives
 Recommendation of the ILO World
Commission on the Social Dimension of
Globalisation (2004)
 Poverty reduction, full employment, provision
of decent work and reducing growing
inequality
 Progressively develop integrated proposals in
order to balance economic, social and
developmental policies
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Role of Developed Nations
 Challenge incoherence
 Play to common interests
 Help build capacity
 Should ensure policy coherence mutually
reinforcing
 Evaluate projects from partner country
perspective
 Conditionalities?
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Regional approaches to policy
coherence
 SADC Regional Poverty Framework
 South East Asia
 NEPAD
 ACP – Cotonou Agreement
 South-South agreements (IBSA,
IBSA+China)
 Bi- and multilateral trade agreements for
development (EPAs)
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Recommendations
 Separate policy coherence from coherence
with neo-liberal policies
 Define what coherence means and whose
concept of coherence is dominant
 Policy coherence should take into account
the specificities of a national economy in
relation to its development needs
 Demystify the link between trade, growth,
development and poverty eradication
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And….
 Institutions need to be overhauled to increase
policy coherence
 Seek mechanisms to increase
communication, negotiation and consensus
among communities
 Enhanced partnerships between recipient
and donor countries to identify policy targets
 Finding alternative ways to enhance
development and more equitable trade.
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Some Alternatives
 There cannot be a successful globalisation without a
successful localisation – Secretary General
 Coherence between economic and social objectives
 ‘Societal Coherence’ – impact on well-being, poverty
eradication, human security and sustainability of
combined activities of government, business,
consumers and civil society – Worldconnectors
 Inclusive democratic practice – reform of the
international financial architecture and global
governance institutions
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