Transcript Physical Development of Infants Child Development Ch. 7

Child Development
Physical Development
of Infants
Ch. 7
The Developing Child
Discuss
 * A huge amount of development
occurs in the first year.
 List as many things as you can think
of that a baby can do at one year
old, that have developed since that
baby was born.
Brainstorm
 Do the terms growth and
development mean the same
thing?
 Explain what you think they mean
On pg. 1B #1 in packet (see text pg. 209)
Activity—Patterns of Dev.
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Read pg. 209-210 in textbook
On pg. 1B in packet, record a description,
example, and picture of each pattern of
development
Activity
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Partner: As partners use T-Chart that compares
Nature vs. Nurture on pg. 1B packet
Include the areas: heredity, nutrition, health,
experiences & environment
Refer to text pages 210-214
Vocabulary Words: (write meanings in chart)
Stimulating Environment
Developmental Milestones
Nature vs. Nurture
Influences on growth and development
NATURE
NURTURE
Heredity
Physical Make-Up
(what baby Inherits
from parents)
Environment
Influences Such as
-Nutrition
-Stimulation
-Relationships
-Health
Patterns of Physical Development

Growth: changes in size

Development: Increases and changes in
PIES (physical, intellectual, emotional,
social or) skills
Physical Development
Patterns
Head to Foot
Near to Far
Simple to Complex
Begins before
Birth
(big head, dev.
first
Starts close to
trunk of body &
moves outward
Dev. lg. muscles
first (legs, arms,
neck, torso)
*Control head
*roll over
*sit-up
*crawl
*stand
*walk
*Wave arm
*grab things
*pick up with
fingers
*Bottle/breast
*Fed with spoon
*eat with fingers
*use spoon/fork
Head to Foot
Near to Far
Simple to complex
Developmental milestone
Key skills and abilities that children usually do
at certain ages in a specific sequence.
Help to know if a child is progressing
normally.
hold head up
sit up
walk
Inherited Traits
Don’t always emerge in children because
heredity and environment play a role in
development.
Child may have no opportunity to develop an
inherited talent.
Nutrition Fuels Development

Without it, baby is at risk for illness,
delayed growth, and brain development.
(even death)
Scooting not crawling
Good Health

A healthy baby is more likely to eat well
and have energy to be active. Activity
provides varied experiences that stimulate
the brain and help muscle dev.
Brain Development
 Brain development impacts ALL areas
of development.
This is linked to:
 Quantity AND variety of experiences
**Failure to achieve normal brain development at
the infant stage can have…..
LIFE LONG EFFECTS
Stimulating Environment
 Baby needs a variety of things to see,
hear, touch, smell, taste.
Growth During the First Year

Birth to age one:
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Babies triple their birth weight
Increase length by 50%
Growth Chart: average weight and height of girls
and boys at various ages
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Very few babies match the average growth chart
Doctors watch for steady growth
Drops in weight could indicate health concerns
Growth the First Year
Weight
Newborns: Lose 10% of weight in first five
days
First 6 months: gains 1-2 lbs per month
Next 6 months: Gains about 1 pound per
month
Growth the First Year
Length
Length: babies are measured while laying
down
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Average newborn 20 inches
Heredity influences height and weight
Bone growth is rapid the first year
Growth the First Year
Body Shape
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Curled Position: legs curled and feet curled
inward
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Head: may be cone shape
Arms & legs: are skinny
Abdomen: large
Umbilical cord: dries up and drops off in about
3 weeks
Gradually babies stretch out, uncurl, lose chubby
appearance
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Growth In the First Year
Proportion
Proportion: the size in relationship
between different parts of the body
 Baby’s head and abdomen are
large
 Legs and arms are short & small
 Head grows rapidly because of
developing brain
Fontanels: begin closing during first
year
Reflexes
Automatic reflexes babies are born with
Sucking: when something placed in
mouth-suck
 Rooting: stroke cheek head will turn
towards you
 Palmar Grasp: fingers curl
 Moro Reflex: arms will thrust out and
then in
 Plantar Grasp: toes curl
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Gross Motor Skills
 Large
Motor skills
 Involve large muscles of the body such as:
legs, shoulders
Example: jumping, running, waving arm
Fine Motor Skills
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Small motor skills
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Involve the smaller muscles of the body such as
fingers
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Example: picking up cereal with fingers
Look up in Ch. 7

Describe how the development of depth
perception impacts a baby’s interaction
with the world.
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Why is the development of hand-eye
coordination important?
Development During First Year
(not notes)
How long does it take for a baby’s eye sight to reach
clarity and sharpness of an adult?
When a baby reaches her hand out for something, what
is she demonstrating?
Of the five senses … which ones develop before birth?
Development First Year
Vision
Hearing
Touch
Smell and
Taste
1st week blurry,
7-10 in. away
Dev. Before
birth
Important sense 10 days old;
for learning
know mother’s
scent
1 mos. Focus
on objects 3 ft
away
Newborns
respond to tone
Use for
exploration
Depth
Perception
Perceive
objects in 3D
7 mos.
Recognize
parents voice
Important to
provide gentle
touches
2 wks old
distinguish
between diff.
flavors
Project

Create an activity for an infant that
promotes the development of vision or
touch.
Example: Mobiles, posters or feely boards
Explain how it will promote early
development
See packet for more details
SIDS Awareness
SIDS-Infant Sleeping Positions
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