Transcript Programme
EUROPEAN COMMISSION DIRECTORATE GENERAL ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL AFFAIRS Fiscal policy and policy mix Fiscal policy and surveillance Tenth meeting of the Network of public finance economists in public administration PROGRAMME OF THE MEETING Brussels, 2 March 2016 Venue: Centre Albert Borschette, rue Froissart 36, 1040 Brussels, Room AB-1D. 9.00-9.30 9.30-9.45 REGISTRATION AND WELCOME COFFEE INTRODUCTION TO THE MEETING Welcoming address (Lucio Pench, European Commission) SESSION I – THE QUALITY OF PUBLIC FINANCES: HOW TO ENSURE EFFICIENT EXPENDITURE AND PUBLIC INVESTMENT? 9.45-12.30 Chair: Lucio Pench (European Commission) Focusing on the quality of public finances is crucial in order to ensure efficient use of public funds in the context of the ongoing fiscal adjustment. In this respect, the assessment of the composition and the efficiency of public expenditure has been a topical subject of study in the recent period. What are interesting avenues for further work, in particular for public investment? The size, composition and efficiency of public investment are very heterogeneous between Member States and are difficult to measure. How can high efficiency and effectiveness be ensured? Amid low levels of both public and private investment in the EU, the link between public and private investment deserves specific attention as well. In particular, to which extent does public investment complement or substitute to private investment activity? 'MONITORING PUBLIC WORKS IN ITALY' Giovanni Rizzo (Ministry of Finance, Italy) The presentation provides an overview of the monitoring system on public works (MOP) implemented by the Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF). Nowadays, data about public works are spread over several databases in Italy, hence there is a need to collect and standardize these data in order to answer all questions relevant for both policy making and public opinion. MOP system implemented by MEF is based on a holistic approach that tries to connect data from the planning phase to the release of each public work minimizing the administrative burden on monitored subjects. Detailed financial and procedural data will be available to be matched with information from public accounts and used for microeconomic or macroeconomic analysis. 'IMPROVING THE PRIORITISATION OF PUBLIC INVESTMENT – THE ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE' Attila György (Ministry of Finance, Romania) The presentation describes the actions taken by the Romanian Government in the reform of public investment management. It presents the actual process of prioritisation of significant public investments and the future actions which the Ministry of Public Finance intends to undertake for strengthening its role in the management of the public investment projects. 11.00-11.15 COFFEE 'PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN THE EU – EXPERIENCES AND PRACTICES' Mirco Tomasi (European Commission) The Commission has analysed Public-Private Partnerships in the context of the Third Pillar of the Juncker Investment Plan. The Third Pillar is meant to address potential bottlenecks to investments that exist at national level. The presentation will discuss the macroeconomic impact of PPPs in Europe; their sectoral and geographic distribution, their benefits as well as their risks and will conclude drawing some lessons learnt from the experience of the Member States with PPPs. Particular emphasis will be put on the regulatory framework and the governance aspects of PPPs, on the sectoral specificities which facilitate or hinder the use of PPP contracts and on issues related to funding the projects. 'EFFECTS OF PUBLIC INVESTMENT IN EUROPE: A MODEL-BASED ASSESSMENT' Marien Ferdinandusse (European Central Bank) Analysis of the effect of public investment on output in Europe, against the background of a sharp drop of public investment in a number of EU countries during the crisis and subsequent policy discussions on the need to stimulate public investment. We start with a brief overview of recent developments in public investment, including some methodological issues and provide a literature overview of the effect of public investment on growth. On the basis of updated estimates of the public capital stock we estimate the output elasticity of public capital in VAR/VECM models. In addition, using a structural model, we investigate sensitivity of the macroeconomic impact of an increase in government investment to alternative assumptions about economic structures and policy implementation. 12.45-14.00 LUNCH 14.00-16.45 SESSION II –THE FISCAL STANCE: HOW TO MEASURE AND ASSESS IT? Chair: Gilles Mourre (European Commission) An overarching theme in fiscal policy is how public finances impact the real economy and how this is taken into account in fiscal policy making. From a macroeconomic perspective, this requires an analysis of the fiscal stance. The assessment and the measurement of the fiscal stance raise methodological issues, as different definitions and proxies are common in the literature. A related question concerns the assessment of the euro area fiscal stance. In the current Commission practice it is computed based on an aggregation of the fiscal stance of the individual Member States. As such, this concept is useful to provide a reference for a coordinated discussion between ministers, but attention should be paid to caveats which shall be discussed. 'WHAT DRIVES FORECAST ERRORS AND EX-POST-REVISIONS OF STRUCTURAL BALANCES IN THE EURO AREA?' Lukas Reiss (National Bank of Austria) We analyse both ex-post-revisions and forecast errors of the level of and the change in the structural balance in the EA-12. For this purpose, we look at the role of potential output revisions versus other factors. Our main findings are: In general, ex-post revisions in structural balances were mainly driven by output gap revisions, while projection errors are to a significant extent driven by other factors. Concerning the change in the structural balance, the mean absolute projection errors are sizeable, primarily due to other factors than potential growth revisions. For some countries they are above the official margin of error applied on the adjustment path to the MTO even in the autumn projections for the current year. This large uncertainty may shed some doubt on the reliance of projections of fiscal efforts currently used in the EU Fiscal Governance. 'ASSESSING THE FISCAL STANCE IN THE EURO AREA – THE COMMISSION METHODOLOGY' Eloïse Orseau (European Commission) Following the Two Pack, the Commission has assessed the fiscal stance in the euro area as a whole, in addition to developments in individual Member States. This presentation gives an overview of the methodology that has been used in the Commission's 2015 Report on Public Finances in EMU. The fiscal stance, as projected in the Commission's 2015 autumn forecast, is assessed against both sustainability needs and stabilisation needs. 15.30-16.00 COFFEE 'PROPOSAL TO IMPROVE THE FISCAL STANCE IN THE EURO AREA' Adrien Zakhartchouk (Ministry of Finance, France) The presentation proposes an analysis of the macroeconomic impact of fiscal policy decisions in the euro area and their spill-overs. It argues for a more aggregated vision of the fiscal policy in the EA, in particular in order to improve its stabilisation role. It argues for a better coordination of fiscal policies between Member States without questioning the rules of the Stability and Growth Pact. 16.45-17.15 POSSIBLE TOPICS FOR FUTURE MEETINGS AND CONCLUSION