Transcript Madrid System for the International Registration of Marks Basic Features and Recent Developments World Intellectual Property Organization Mr.

Madrid System for the International
Registration of Marks
Basic Features and Recent
Developments
World
Intellectual
Property
Organization
Mr. Yves Ngoubeyou
Senior Information Officer
Information and Promotion Division
International Registrations Department
Sector of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications
Madrid System
Objectives and Principles
Madrid System
A Global Trademark
Registration System
• Facilitating trademark protection in export markets
through a simple, expeditious and cost-effective
procedure for:
− the central filing of applications
− the central management of registrations
Madrid System
Direct Filing Route / Madrid Route
Advantages of the Madrid System
Madrid System
National (direct) route
vs.
Madrid (inter.) route
Different procedures
Only one procedure
Different languages
One language 1 of 3 (E/F/S)
Different fees in local
currencies (exchange–rate
implications)
One set of fees in CH
Management of IRs:
Recording of changes
(in each separate country a
different procedure)
One procedure in respect of all countries
Representative required
from outset
Representative required only in case of
refusal
Madrid System
Main Principles
• An additional route
• An optional route
• A closed system
• One registration - a bundle of rights
Madrid System
Legal Framework and
Geographical Scope
Madrid System
Legal Framework
•
Madrid Agreement (1891)
•
Madrid Protocol (1989)
latest revised in 1979
as in force from September 1, 2008
•
Common Regulations
•
Administrative Instructions
•
Law and Regulations of each Contracting Partyprocedural System
as in force from September 1, 2008
as in force from January 1, 2008
Madrid Union
Madrid System
84 members
Agreement only 6
Protocol only 28
Agreement and Protocol 50
(Including EC)
Madrid Union
Madrid System
1996-2008
9
2
3
43
1995
5
7
39
1996
11
20
21
22
23
24
28
15
18
18
34
36
38
41
45
45
48
50
50
16
14
13
11
11
9
7
6
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
7
15
32
1997
25
25
1998
29
22
1999
Agreement
18
2000
2001
2002
Agreement and Protocol
Protocol
Madrid Union
Madrid System
Sept 2008
78 PROTOCOL
Albania, Antigua and Barbuda, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan,
Bahrain, Belarus, Belgium, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana,
Bulgaria, China, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Democratic
People’s Republic of Korea, Denmark, Estonia, European Community,
Finland, France, Georgia, Ghana, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Iran,
Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lesotho, Liechtenstein,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia,
Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, Norway, Oman,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of Korea, Romania, Russian Federation, San
Marino, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syrian Arab Republic, the Former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United
Kingdom, United States of America, Uzbekistan, Viet Nam, Zambia
6 AGREEMENT ONLY
underlined = Agreement also
Algeria, Egypt, Kazakhstan, Liberia, Sudan, Tajikistan
http://www.wipo.int/madrid/en/members/ipoffices_info.html
Madrid System
Basic Principles
Madrid System
Basic Principles
• A need for a basic application or basic registration (“basic
mark”) in a CP of the Madrid System
• Attachment necessary between the owner and that CP:
establishment, domicile, or nationality
• IA must designate one or more other CPs with common
treaty
• Indirect filing through OO
• A time limit for refusal
• Possibility of subsequent designation (SD)
• IR is dependent on basic mark for 5 years
• 10-year term of protection
• Centralized management of IR
Madrid System
Entitlement to File an
International Application
Madrid System
Someone …
• Natural Person
• Legal Entity
Madrid System
… who has a connection …
• Real and Effective Industrial or
Commercial Establishment
(“Establishment”)
• Domicile
• Nationality
Madrid System
… with a Member of the
Madrid Union
• Contracting State
– Establishment or domicile within territory
of State
– National of State
• Contracting Organization
– Establishment or domicile within territory
of Contracting Organization
– National of a Member State of Contracting
Organization
– Individual Member States of Contracting
Organization do not have to be party to
the Agreement or Protocol
Madrid System
Comparison
Agreement
Protocol
Members
States
States/Organizations
Basic right
Basic registration
Basic registration/application
Entitlement
Cascade
No cascade
Fees
Supplementary and
complementary
Or individual fee option
Refusal
12 months
Or 18 months or 18+ months
(opposition) options
Dependency
5 years
5 years with possible
transformation
Subsequent
designations
Indirect filing
Indirect or direct filing
Link with the CTM
Madrid System
• Obtaining CTM through IR but only under the Protocol
• Base an IA on a CTM-OHIM as Office of Origin
• New features in the Common Regulations:
– indication of a second language (one of the 5 official EU
languages), where EC is designated
– claim of a seniority (MM17)
– possibility of opting-back in case the designation of the
EC drops before OHIM (conversion into Madrid
designations)
Madrid System
Types of
International Applications
Madrid System
Types of Applications
Rule 1(viii):
MM1
Rule 1(ix):
MM2
Rule 1(x):
MM3
Governed exclusively by Agreement
all designations made under Agreement
Governed exclusively by Protocol
all designations made under Protocol
Governed by Agreement and Protocol
some designations made under Agreement
some designations made under Protocol
Madrid System
MM1
Why is this type of international application
governed exclusively by the Agreement?
A
A
Sudan
Liberia
or
A
Algeria
Madrid System
MM1
Why is this type of international application
governed exclusively by the Agreement?
A
AP
France
A
Liberia
A
or
A
A
Sudan
Madrid System
MM1 - Requirements
International Application
Office of Origin:
Filing basis:
Form:
Language:
Cascade applies - Article 1(3) of the Agreement
Basic Registration
MM1
English, French or Spanish
Each Designation
Fees: Supplemental + Complementary
Refusal Period: 12 months
Madrid System
MM2
Why is this type of international application
governed exclusively by the Protocol?
P
AP
France
P
Denmark
AP
or
A
AP
Vietnam
Madrid System
MM2 - Requirements
International Application
Office of Origin:
Filing basis:
Form:
Language:
Cascade does not apply
Basic Registration or Basic Application
MM2
French, English or Spanish
Each Designation
Fees: Supplemental + Complementary, or Individual *
Refusal Period: 12 months, or 18 months or 18+ months *
* Madrid Protocol, Article 9sexies
If AP  AP: “ … a declaration made under Article
5(2)(b), Article 5(2)(c) or Article 8(7) of the Protocol ...
shall have no effect ...”
Madrid System
MM3
Why is this type of international application
governed by the Agreement and Protocol?
A
AP
AP
P
A
Sudan
AP
Belarus
France
P
AP
Switzerland
MM3 - Requirements
Madrid System
International Application
Office of Origin:
Filing basis:
Form:
Language:
Cascade applies - Article 1(3) of the Agreement
Basic Registration
MM3
English, French or Spanish
Each Designation under the Agreement
Fees: Supplemental + Complementary
Refusal Period: 12 months
Each Designation under the Protocol
Fees:
Refusal Period:
Supplemental + Complementary, or Individual *
12 months, or 18 months, or 18+ months *
* Madrid Protocol, Article 9sexies
If AP  AP: “ … a declaration made under Article
5(2)(b), Article 5(2)(c) or Article 8(7) of the Protocol ...
shall have no effect ...”
Madrid System
Repeal of the Safeguard
Clause
Madrid System
Review of the SC
• Article 9sexies(2)
• Extraordinary power to the Assembly to restrict or
repeal the SC
• Review by Madrid Working Group
• Met 4 times 2005-2007
• Recommended a repeal of the SC
• Assembly adopted amendment
• Entry into force is September 1, 2008
Madrid System
MM1
Pre-September 1, 2008
Safeguard Clause – no application in
this example:
i.e., an ‘Agreement-only’ filing
A
A
Sudan
A
Liberia
A
or
A
AP
France
Madrid System
Pre-September 1, 2008
Application of the Safeguard Clause :
Madrid Protocol, Article 9sexies
“. . . the provisions of this Protocol shall have no
effect . . .”
(“Safeguard Clause”)
A
AP
A
France
i.e., still an ‘Agreement-only’ filing
A
A
or
Sudan
AP
Vietnam
Madrid System
MM3
Pre-September 1, 2008
Application of the Safeguard Clause
A
AP
France
A ‘mixed’ (A+P) filing
AP
P
A
A
Egypt
P
Denmark
AP
Switzerland
Madrid System
‘Agreement-only’ Filings and ‘Mixed’
Filings
Applicants must :
• Observe the ‘cascade’
• Have a basic registration in the Office of
origin
- Common Regulations Rule 9(5)
Madrid System
New Article
9sexies
September 1,
2008
(1)(a) « This Protocol alone shall be applicable as
regards the mutual relations of States party to both
this Protocol and the Madrid Agreement »
- i.e., AP / AP situations
Note: No change to Rule 9(5) of the Common
Regulations !
Madrid System
Remember:
The basic principle remains unchanged –
Application that is ‘Agreement-only’ or Agreement +
Protocol
=
Cascade + Basic Registration
But:
After repeal of Safeguard Clause, this priniciple will be
hugely ‘diluted’, because of the consequences of the
repeal.
Madrid System
From September 1,
2008
This is no longer an ‘Agreement-only’ filing; now a ‘mixed’ (A+P) filing
- So it is still subject to ‘cascade’ + basic registration
AP
France
A
+
P
A
P
!!
A
or
Liberia
AP
Vietnam
Madrid System
From September 1, 2008
P !!
AP
P !!!
Germany
P !!
AP
AP
P
Italy
P
From Sept. 1, 2008, because of the repeal of the SC,
a filing such as this will no longer be ‘mixed’, but will,
instead be a ‘Protocol-only’ filing
France
Japan
Madrid System
2008 : Agreement-only States
-
Algeria
Egypt
Kazakistan
Liberia
Sudan
-
Tajikistan
Madrid System
Languages and Fees
• Rule 6
French, English, Spanish in all new situations
(after repeal of SC, only 0.3% of applications will
be Agreement-only)
– Exception : transitional situations (Rule 40(4))
• Schedule of Fees
– All Standard Fees From 73 to 100 CHF
(1st increase since 1996)
All amendments enter into force on September 1
Madrid System
Statistics
Madrid System
Share within Global Trademark
Activity
• Over 200 different national/regional trademark
jurisdictions worldwide
• Some 700,000 trademark applications filed by nonresidents annually
of which
• Some 350,000 are designations in international
registrations (Madrid System)
Major User Contracting Parties
(Applications Filed)
2008
Madrid System
2007
No. Filings
Germany
France
US
EC
Italy
Switzerland
Benelux
China
UK
Japan
Morocco
Algeria
Egypt
Kenya
Mozambique
Sudan
6,090
3,930
3,741
3,371
2,664
2,657
2,510
1,444
1,178
984
81
2
15
1
1
Growth
7.5%
6.1%
18.8%
37.9%
-9.9%
7.7%
-4.9%
8.7%
11.8%
19.8%
-21.8%
-92.3%
-31.8%
-800%
-
Share
15.2%
9.8%
9.4%
8.4%
6.7%
6.7%
6.3%
3.6%
2.9%
2.6%
0.2%
0.05%
0.037%
0.01%
Jan-Oct
5004
3205
3172
3079
2129
2360
2037
1298
1007
1039
72
2
28
4
2
Most Designated CPs
Madrid System
2008
Office of Origin
China
Russian Federation
United States of America
Switzerland
European Community
Japan
Germany
Singapore
Morocco
Algeria
Egypt
Kenya
Mozambique
Sudan
2006
2007
15,801
14,432
13,994
14,260
10,640
11,844
8,147
6,717
4,229
2,472
3,201
1559
1195
993
16,676
15,455
14,618
14,528
12,744
12,296
7,184
7,005
4,194
2,411
3,141
1560
1150
1010
Share Growth
4.5%
4.2%
3.9%
3.9%
3.4%
3.3%
1.9%
1.9%
1.1%
0.65%
0.84%
0.4%
0.3%
0.27%
5.5%
7.1%
4.5%
1.9%
19.8%
3.8%
-11.8%
4.3%
-0.8%
-2.5%
-1.9%
3.75%
1.7%0
Oct-08
14,535
12,754
12,304
11,715
10,414
5,836
6,247
3,511
2,026
2,731
1,685
1,040
901
Madrid System
International Registration
Profiles
Madrid System
International Registrations in Force
International Register contained on June 30,
2008
• Some 499,000 registrations in force,
representing
• Some 5.5 million active designations, belonging
to
• Approx. 164,000 different right holders (many
of them SMEs)
• Average number of DCP in an IR - 8.2 CPs
• As from January 2008 until October, the
International Bureau received 33,618
applications
Madrid System
General Profile 2007
38,471 International Registrations
Average Number of Designations
8.4
Average Number of Classes
2.3
Average Fee
All Fees
CHF3,549
81%< 5,000 CHF
Madrid System
Trademarks in Force (June 2008)
Trademarks
by right-holder
Right-holders
(164,792)

1-2 marks
3-10 marks
11-100 marks
101-500 marks
> 500 marks
131,416
27,483
5,574
294
25
79.75%
16.68%
3.38%
0.18%
0.02%
All
164,792
100.00%
101-500 marks
10.82%
Registrations
in force
(499,230)
Number of
right-holders
> 500 marks
5.22%
1-2 marks
31.71%

11-100 marks
26.75%
3-10 marks
25.5%
Some Top Users (2007)
Madrid System
Holder
CP
Henkel
DE
Janssen Pharmaceutica
BE
Novartis
CH
L’Oreal
FR
Unilever
NL
Société des Produits Nestlé
CH
Sanofi-Aventis
FR
Siemens Building Technologies Fire & Security Products
DE
BASF
DE
ITM Enterprises
FR
Bayer
DE
BIOFARMA
FR
Richter Gedeon
HU
Lidl Stiftung
DE
Madrid System
Communication and
Information
Madrid System
Electronic Communication
Constantly Expanding
With Offices of Contracting Parties
– 6 offices (Australia, Benelux, Switzerland, EC, Republic
of Korea, US) transmit IAs to IB electronically
– 4 offices (EC, Japan, Russia and US) transmit refusals
electronically to the IB
– 4 offices (Australia, Benelux, EC and US) send
modifications electronically to the IB
– 48 offices receive various notifications from IB
electronically (of these 5 began in 2007 - Bahrain,
Botswana, Cyprus, Egypt and Monaco)
Information Products and
Services (1)
Madrid System
Legal Texts and Guide
WIPO Gazette
Fee calculator
Renewal
Madrid Express
Romarin
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
paper publication
on-line (free of charge)
paper and CD subscription
on-line (free of charge)
on-line service (free of charge)
on-line service
on-line database (free access)
on-line database (free access)
DVD subscription (as from Oct 3,
2008 - additional enlarged
information available on Romarin
database in relation to the status
of a protection of a mark)
http://www.wipo.int/madrid/en/services
Information Products and
Services (2)
Madrid System
Simulator
– is designed to respond specifically to individual needs in
using the Madrid System
– at the end of the simulation, it provides you with an
estimated cost of registering your mark
http://www.wipo.int/madrid/en/madrid_simulator/
Madrid System
Information Concerning
Procedures Before IP Offices
• The legal framework of Madrid system includes the
national trademark legislations of all Madrid Member
states
• In order to improve information concerning this issue,
WIPO provides specific information in regard to
procedures before IP Offices
– 74 country profiles to date
http://www.wipo.int/madrid/en/members/ipoffices_info.html
Madrid System
Recent Developments in the
Madrid System
• As of Sept. 1, 2009, a statement of grant of protection
will be obligatory
– improve accessibility of information regarding the fate of IRs
in designated CPs
• Enlarging the language regime
– study to be conducted by WIPO for introducing Arabic,
Russian, Chinese and Portuguese as official filing languages
Madrid System
Recent Accessions
• In the last 5 years 22 new Members joined MP –
most recent
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Azerbaijan (P):
April 15, 2007
San Marino (P):
September 12, 2007
Oman (P):
October 16, 2007
Madagascar (P):
January 28, 2008
Ghana (P):
September 16, 2008
Sao Tome and Principe (P) : December 8, 2008
Bosnia and Herzegovina (P) : January 29, 2009
Madrid System
Prospective Accessions
• Most promising
– Mexico, Israel, Tajikistan(A), Kazakhstan (A), Bosnia and
Herzegovina (A)
• Under consideration
– Brazil, Canada, India, Indonesia, New Zealand, Thailand,
Sudan (A), South Africa
Madrid System
Promoting the Madrid System in LDCs
• In order to improve the ability of trademark owners from
LDCs to benefit from the Madrid System, WIPO offers
applicants, originating from LDCs, a 90% reduction in
the basic fee, since January 1, 2006
– Bhutan, Lesotho, Liberia, Mozambique, Sierra Leone,
Sudan, Zambia, Sao Tome and Principe
http://www.wipo.int/ldcs/en/country
Our Aim at WIPO
Madrid System
Make the Madrid System ever more
•
•
•
•
attractive
flexible
user friendly
cost effective
to meet the expectations of
• rights’ holders
• representatives
• Contracting Parties
Madrid System
Thank you
[email protected]