GAS RE-INJECTION Total experience Elisabeth PROUST General – main principes • Total has been re-injecting gas for years • Re-injection is part of long term asset.
Download ReportTranscript GAS RE-INJECTION Total experience Elisabeth PROUST General – main principes • Total has been re-injecting gas for years • Re-injection is part of long term asset.
GAS RE-INJECTION Total experience Elisabeth PROUST General – main principes • Total has been re-injecting gas for years • Re-injection is part of long term asset management: – Temporary storage before blow down – Pressure maintenance – EOR – Ready for emerging gas value chains • No continuous flaring policy for new developments implemented in 2000 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 re-injection flaring A steady decreasing flaring trend is observed since late ’90s As from 2004, amount of reinjected gas is significantly higher than flared gas. GIRASSOL First Development of Block 17 in Angola Gas re-injection: first step of global gas management • Girassol was put on stream in 2001 under a scheme of secondary recovery by water injection • Temporary gas re-injection (up to 8 Mm3/d) Block 17 ORQUIDEA VIOLETA LIRIO ANTURIO TULIPA CRAVO GIRASSOL ROSA PAZFLOR JASMIM DALIA OIL PRODUCTION 250 Oil Production kbbl After 5-8 years of gas re-injection, the excess of gas cycling impacts adversely oil production 200 150 JSM 100 50 GIR-B2 GIR-B1+Sh GIR-B3 0 12/01 03/02 06/02 09/02 12/02 03/03 06/03 09/03 12/03 03/04 06/04 09/04 12/04 03/05 06/05 GIRASSOL Monitoring of Gas Re-injection through 4D Seismic • 1 year after First Oil, a repeat 3DHR was acquired • It allowed to : – Monitor gas bubble expansion – Describe some heterogeneities – Predict GOR future development – Detect WOC rise • A second 4D was acquired 3 years after First Oil – Quantify and match gas and water sweep efficiency – Assess gain of external gas storage (versus waiting for Angola LNG) – Drill additional OP wells Red = 4D anomaly Block 17 – Gas External Storage: second step of global gas management ALNG Plant start-up Gas injection in situ E8A11D - B17 Gas Import & Export 9 B17 Gas Import B17 Gas Export 8 Blocks 0 & 14 6 LNG Plant 5 Angola 4 3 Block 15 24" Gas Rate (MSm3/d) 7 2 1 0 Block 2 2029 2027 2025 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015 2013 2011 2009 2007 2005 2003 -1 -2 Girassol Stored Volume Dalia UM Pole Screening of potential storage candidates Main criteria: seal, homogeneous depletion, well integrity, Block 0.4 18tcf storable Block 2 fields Lombo-East & Tubarao identified as best candidates for external storage Multiple stakeholders (Block operators, Angola LNG) Investments of main pipes brought forward, new platform on Block 2 Angola LNG mindset: Third step of global gas managementfrom a gas flaring concern to a gas valorization scheme Arranging a stable gas supply of 1Bcfd • Common Goal : ensure sustainable oil developments phase II phase III & address gas flaring concerns 1-4 NAG Gas Caps through a gas valorization fields blowdown Phase I : scheme LNG plant • Strong Commitment & AG pipelines Alignment of all Stakeholders : partnership Bloc 0/14 Sonangol - Oil companies Soyo • Pooling of gas resources 200 m • Legal & Commercial Framework Kizomba C NAG suiting the project Kizomba A characteristics Kizomba B • Strong partners to overcome Block 2 commercial and technical GIRASSOL challenges Greater Plutonio DALIA Gas injection for pressure maintenance Congo – N’Kossa • Liquid production increase: – Oil recovery (pressure maintenance) – C3/C4 recovery in gas before re-injection • No continuous flaring • The future: blowdown of the field Gas valorization stake for the host country fuel gas & valorisation • FID: December 1992 • First oil: June 1996 Gas injection @ 420 bars since first oil Cumulative gas injected: injected gas ~ 80% of total gas operating flaring • 30 Gm3 (10 years) • 71 MTCO2eq Hydrocarbon gas re-injection for EOR Total experience: many successfull EOR projects since ’90’s • using fatal gas without commercial outlet, thus avoiding flaring, or even commercial sales gas NKPP platform KPP platform Gas Lift Platform ABK (UAE) 1991, Handil (Indonesia) 1995, Alwyn (UK) 1999, Jusepin (Venezuela) 2000, Amenam (Nigeria) 2003 ... • HC Gas EOR implies: AK Center – Good geological model – Specific design of surface facilities to handle recycled gas – Specific material selection AKEast Living Quarters • EOR must be taken into account in initial design (design provisions) => long term asset management • Efficiency: If miscibility of gas & oil can be met in reservoir conditions (one phase): Excellent recovery factor (>50%) can be achieved • • • Light oil (°API > 23, viscosity < 3 cp) Gas rich in intermediate components Reservoir high pressure and low temperature If miscibility cannot be met, good recovery factor may be achieved by simple sweeping and swelling of the oil, in addition to pressure maintenance. CO2 EOR: a way to capture and store CO2? (cf on-going studies on EKOFISK) Production Platform Emerging gas value chains: an alternative to re-injection • A favourable context for an alternative to gas re-injection: • sustained high price of natural gas • deployment of emerging ‘energy transport’ technologies or producing new products… suitable for associated gas • It may soon be possible to bring value to once-flared gas… based on enablers, such as: •Gas transportation: • CNG, mini-LNG, •gas hydrates • Gas conversion to products: • GTL, DME, MeOH,… • Gas to power: • generation and long distance transportation • stakeholders alignment • contractual / fiscal frameworks • financing Developing new resources: acid and very acid gases • IOC are facing increasing technological challenges to access and develop new gas resources: • High CO2 content (> 30% Asia), high H2S content (Middle-East and Russia) • Specific management of H2S and CO2 takes a growing part in atmospheric emissions problematic –Total is a world leader in valorization of H2S - sulfur (Lacq since 1957) –Total is highly involved in H2S & CO2 re-injection issues Focus on long term integrity of storage reservoirs Beyond gas flaring reduction… A concern of GHG emissions Venting Fuel Gas Flaring • 2 main drivers: • Increase share of non conventional resources (arctic, heavy oils, tight gas, deep water) but also of mature fields lead to more energy consumption • Flaring reduction investments since late ’90’s 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 • Fuel gas GHG emission will overcome flaring emissions as from 2010. Total has launched programs of: •energy efficiency optimization •CO2 capture and storage Beyond gas flaring reduction: Total E&P involved in CO2 Capture and Storage – The Lacq pilot CO2 CAPTURE CO2 TRANSPORT AND INJECTION • A Full Demonstration project : •30 MW Oxy Boiler at Lacq plant •Transportation and injection of CO2 •First CO2 storage in an onshore • depleted reservoir in Europe •Start up end 2008 CO2 STORAGE • Oxycombustion for CO2 capture : •Cost attractive and energy efficient solution • for CO2 capture on steam boilers •Reduce by 50% the direct and undirect • emissions associated to EHO hot production • Dedicated R&D program : •CO2 and acid gas injection •Storage and well integrity •Long tem fate of CO2 •Monitoring CO2 or acid gas Oil HC gas Water