Transcript Standardized approaches in CDM methodologies Daniel Perczyk 7th Joint Workshop 13/03/2011 Overview Baseline scenario  Default values for lifetime in the Lifetime Tool  Quantitative criteria for.

Standardized approaches in CDM
methodologies
Daniel Perczyk
7th Joint Workshop
13/03/2011
Overview
Baseline scenario
 Default values for lifetime in the Lifetime Tool
 Quantitative criteria for baseline scenario(ACM0013)
 Default values for key parameters (AMS II J)
Baseline emissions
 Small scale methodology for substitution of fossil fuel based lighting
 Small scale methodology for plastic recovery
Project emissions
 Default factors for power plants in the Grid emission factor Tool,
 Default factor for emissions from cultivation in biofuel methodologies


Leakage
Default factors for fossil fuel production
Additionality
 Small scale simplified procedure
Baseline scenario: lifetime

Tool to determine the remaining lifetime of equipment
For the technical lifetime, the following default values apply:
Equipment
Boilers
Steam Turbines
Gas turbines, upto 50 MW capacity
Gas turbines, above 50 MW capacity
Hydro turbines
Electric Generators, air cooled
Electric generators, hydrogen cooled or water cooled
Wind turbines, onshore
Wind turbines, offshore
Diesel/oil/gas fired generator sets
Transformers
Heaters, chillers, pumps, etc. used in HVAC systems
Default value for Technical
lifetime
25 years
25 years
150,000 hours
200,000 hours
150,000 hours
25 years
30 years
25 years
20 years
50,000 hours
30 years
15 years
Baseline scenario: quantitative criteria

ACM 0013 New grid connected fossil fuel fired power plants using a less
GHG intensive technology
Baseline emissions
Baseline CO2 emission factor will be determined using the lowest value
between:
(i) the emission factor of the technology and fuel type that has been
identified as the most likely baseline scenario, and
(ii) a benchmark emission factor determined based on the performance
of the top 15% power plants that use the same fuel category as the
project plant and any technology available in the geographical area
Baseline scenario: default values

II.J. Demand-side activities for efficient lighting
technologies
Two options to determine operating hours of project (and
baseline) lamps:
Option 1: A default value of 3.5 hours per 24 hrs period for
‘daily operating hours’, is chosen ex ante and is used ex
post throughout the crediting period. In this case no
surveying is required.
Option 2: Instead of using a default value of 3.5 hours, a
measured (sampling) value can be used
Baseline emissions: fossil fuel based lighting

AMS III.AR. Substituting fossil fuel based lighting with LED lighting
systems
This methodology provides for a default annual baseline emissions factor for the
project lamps distributed to end-users. The following assumptions are made
about the equivalent baseline lighting system:

Fuel use rate (liters/hour): 0.025 liters/hour;

Utilization rate (hours/day): 3.5 hours per day;

Utilization (days/year): 365 days per year;

Fuel emissions factor: 2.4 kgCO2/liter;

Leakage factor: 1.0;

Number of fuel-based lamps replaced per project lamp: 1.0;

Net-to-Gross factor: 1.0
Then, Default factor per lamp= 0.08 tCO2
Baseline emissions per lamp are calculated as:
BEy  DV  GFy  DBy
Baseline emissions: plastic recovery

III.AJ. Recovery and recycling of materials from solid wastes
Recovery and recycling of high density polyethylene (HDPE),
low density polyethylene (LDPE) and Polyethylene
Terephthalate (PET) materials in municipal solid wastes to
process them into intermediate or finished products e.g. plastic
resin to displace production of virgin plastic materials in
dedicated facilities thereby resulting energy savings and
emission reduction.
The following default values for the production of pellet from
virgin inputs shall be used:
 0.83 MWh/t (3 GJ/t) and 1.67 MWh/t (6 GJ/t) for HDPE and
LDPE
 1.11 MWh/t (4.0 GJ/t) for PET
Other materials: glass, papers? Revisions are encouraged.
Baseline emissions: efficiency of power plants
Tool to calculate the emission factor for an electricity system


Option A2. If for a power unit m only data on electricity generation and the fuel types used is
available, the emission factor should be determined based on the CO2 emission factor of the
fuel type used and the efficiency of the power unit, as follows:
EFEL,m,y 
EFCO2, m,i,y  3.6
ηm,y
Average net energy conversion efficiency of power unit m or k in year y
Use either:

Documented manufacturer’s specifications (if the efficiency of the plant is not significantly
increased through retrofits or rehabilitations); or

For grid power plants: data from the utility, the dispatch center or official records if it can be
deemed reliable; or

The default values provided in the table below in Annex 1 (if available for the type of power
plant)
Baseline emissions: efficiency of power plants
Annex 1: Default efficiency factors for power plants
Grid power plants
Generation Technology
Coal
Subcritical
Supercritical
Ultra-upercritical
IGCC
FBS
CFBS
PFBS
Oil
Steam turbine
Open cycle
Combined cycle
Natural gas
Steam turbine
Open cycle
Combined cycle
Old units (before and in 2000)
New units (after 2000)
37%
35.5%
36.5%
37.5%
30%
46%
37.5%
30%
46%
39%
45%
50%
50%
40%
41.5%
39%
39.5%
46%
37.5%
39.5%
60%
Project emissions: cultivation

ACM 0017 Production of biodiesel for use as fuel
Conservative default emission factors for the GHG emissions associated
with the cultivation of land to produce oil seeds
Crop
Palm Methyl Esther
Palm Methyl Esther
Jatropha Methyl Ester
Jatropha Methyl Ester
Climate Zone
Tropical Moist
Tropical Wet
Tropical Moist
Tropical Dry
EFs,y (tCO2e/ha)
1.87
1.87
1.76
2.52
Leakage: fossil fuel upstream emissions

ACM 0017 Production of biodiesel for use as fuel
Emission factor for production of crude oil :
0.073 tCO2e/t petrodiesel
A global value was calculated with the assumption that that
upstream emissions with respect to crude oil production in
Annex I countries is zero.
Emission factor related to oil refining shall be one of the
following:
a) In the absence of a country-specific data
0.233t-CO2/t petrodiesel
b) If refining occurs in the host country, local emission factors
from an official information source (e.g. national
communications)
Additionality: simplified procedure

Guidelines for demonstrating additionality of
renewable energy projects =<5 MW and
energy efficiency projects with energy savings
<=20 GWh per year
Projects are automatically additional under
certain conditions.
Additionality: simplified for projects <=5MW or <=20GWh

For projects in an LDC/SIDS or in a special underdeveloped zone of the host country
identified by the Government before 28 May 2010, no requirement of additionality.
RE projects lesser than 5 MW are additional:

If the project activity is about off grid project supplying to households /communities

If the project is for distributed renewable energy generation and each of the
independent subsystems/measures in the project <=750 kW and end users of the of
the subsystems or measures are households/ communities/SMEs

If the project technology has been recommended by DNA and approved by EB, and
market penetration of the technology/measure<=5%
EE projects lesser than <=20 GWH/year are additional:

If the project activity is about non industrial demand side energy efficiency activity,
each of the independent subsystem/measure in the project annually saves <=600
MWh, and end users of the subsystem or measure are households/ communities/SMEs
Thanks for your attention
Daniel Perczyk
[email protected]