Transcript Enabling Environment for Development and Transfer of Technologies Prof. OGUNLADE DAVIDSON Director UNFCCC Workshop on Technology Transfer, 9-10 April, 2003 Energy & Development Research Centre University of.

Enabling Environment for
Development and Transfer of
Technologies
Prof. OGUNLADE DAVIDSON
Director
UNFCCC Workshop on Technology Transfer, 9-10 April, 2003
Energy & Development Research Centre
University of Cape Town
Perspectives of Technology Transfer
Stakeholder
Motivations
 Governments
(national,regional, local)
 Development goals,
environmental goals,
competitive advantage
 Private Sector (TNCs,
MNCs, MSEs, )
 Profits, Market share,
return on investments
 Donors (MDBs, GEF,
Bilateral)
 Development and
environmental goals
 R&D, D Institutions
 Knowledge transfer
 Media/Public
 Information, education
 Consumers
 Welfare, Utility
Meaning of Technology Transfer
 Broad set of processes, covering flow of knowledge,
experience, equipment amongst stakeholders
 Includes technology diffusion and technology cooperation
 Between developed and developing countries as well
as within/amongst each of the group of countries
 Includes learning to understand, choose, utilise,
modify and replicate technology
 It includes both “hard” and “soft” technologies –
technical, managerial and business skills
 Technology transfer includes values, attitudes and
relationships
Different Development and Climate Change
Response
Experiences and Lessons – Technology Transfer
 Lack of well defined national plan
 Difficulties in developing national needs assessment
 Inadequate information for technology selection
 Need to have extra effort to locate indigenous skills
 Improper understanding of technology transfer
mechanisms
 Lack of installation and testing skills
 Lack of adequate standards
 Inadequate R&D and D facilities
 Lack of supporting commercial environment
Different Levels of Capacities
 Enabling environment
 Societal level
 Organisation Level
 Individual Level
LEVELS OF CAPACITY BUILDING/DEVELOPMENT
INDIVIDUAL
- TRAINING
- INFORMATION SUPPORT
SUPPORT
- INSTITUTIONAL
REFORM SUPPORT
MICRO SCALE
TEAM
INSTITUTION
MESO SCALE
- INSTALLING & TESTING
- PRODUCT
MODIFICATION
- COMMERCIAL
- TECHNOLOGY
PARTNERSHIP
- COLLABORATIVE R & D
NATIONAL &
SECTORS
REGIONAL
- NETWORKING &
LINKAGES
MACRO SCALE
INTERNATIONAL
National Systems of Innovation
 Integration of capacity building, access to information and
creating enabling environment
 stimulate partnerships between all relevant private and
public stakeholders, both domestically as well as
internationally
 provide focus for activities of GEF, MDB’s and other
international organisations
 include wide variety of activities, such as training,
strengthening educational institutions, assessment of
information, identification of solutions for removing barriers,
innovative financing mechanisms
Actions by Developed Countries
 Support the development agenda of developing
countries and EITs
 Contribute and enhance the use of local capacities of
developing countries and EITs
 Develop systems that are flexible to cope with
conditions in developing countries
 Promote shared responsibilities with users
 Support systems of consultation
 Support long-term commitments
Actions by Developing Countries
 Set up a development agenda
 Identify indigenous capacities
 Coordination of external resources
 Develop a system of consultation
 Develop of monitoring and evaluation
Training of Human Resource
 Investments in well-structured programs that maximise
resource use to achieve agreed minimum threshold of
required manpower
 Participation in global, regional and national programs that
are geared to concerns and interest of client
 Promotion of targeted “learning by doing” or “experimental
learning” programs while improving attitudes and values
 Development of partnership programs with external
institutions in three stages:
 External and nation/regional centres jointly design, adapt,
deliver and evaluate
 External centre undertake supervisory and monitoring
activities
 External centre undertake quality control and updating
Institutional Development
 Development of mechanism that reflects culture of
technology professionalism that maximise trained
manpower
 Development of long-term institutional linkages and
partnerships with regional and global institutions with
commitment to endogenous capacity building and
performance bench-marking
 Setting up internal evaluation programs with rapid
feedback to individuals and teams for performance
improvement
 Development of pilot projects
THANK YOU ALL FOR LISTENING
More Information
Energy & Development Research Centre EDRC
Email: ogunlade@energetic .uct.ac.za