Transcript AMERICAN SETTLERS MOVE WEST -Thousands of Americans settled between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River by the early 1800s. -New states such as Kentucky (1792), Tennessee (1796)

AMERICAN SETTLERS MOVE WEST
-Thousands of Americans
settled between the
Appalachian Mountains
and the Mississippi River
by the early 1800s.
-New states such as
Kentucky (1792),
Tennessee (1796) and
Ohio (1803) – states 15
through 17 joined the
Union.
-They relied on the Ohio and
Mississippi Rivers to
move products and crops
to the east coast.
-New Orleans at the mouth
of the Mississippi
emptying into the Gulf of
Mexico was extremely
important.
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-Farm products, furs, and other
supplies went to New
Orleans to be shipped to
markets
-Imported manufactured goods
came in to be sent up river.
-Jefferson worried about New
Orleans and the Mississippi
River being shut down.
-New Orleans as well as
Louisiana was in control of
the Spanish.
-This area stretched west from
the Mississippi River all the
way to the Rocky
Mountains.
-Spain knew they couldn’t keep
the Americans out.
Spanish
Land
1800
• Great Britain’s
claims in 1783
• United States
in 1783
• Spanish land
after 1783
New Orleans
-Spain gained control of the area
after the French and Indian War,
but around 1800 in a secret deal
gave it back to France and their
powerful leader Napoleon.
French
Land in
1802
•Great Britain’s
land after 1783
•United States in
1783
•Spanish land
• New Orleans is a
highly desirable
port. WHY?
The Short
Dead Dude
Napoleon Bonaparte,
(August 15, 1769 – May
5, 1821)
Napoleon Bonaparte
LOUISIANA
-Spain closed the port of
New Orleans in 1802,
shortly before handing
it over to France.
-Farmers and westerners
called for war against
France and Spain.
-Jefferson sent the Robert
R. Livingston, U.S.
ambassador to France
and James Monroe to
try and buy New
Orleans from France.
Livingston, Founding
Father, known as
"The Chancellor“
Monroe, Founding Father, minister to
France, Great Britian, Senator & Governor of
Virginia, Secretary of State, Secretary of
War, 5th President of the United States.
NAPOLEON and LOUISIANA
-Napoleon conquered much of
Europe and dreamed of
rebuilding France’s empire in
Known as the
North America.
“Black Napoleon”
-He planned to use the French
Toussaint
colony of Haiti in the Caribbean
L’Overture
Sea as a supply base and use it
to ship troops to Louisiana.
-That all changed when Toussaint
L’Overture helped lead a slave
rebellion in Haiti.
-Napoleon tried to put down the
rebellion in 1802, but was
defeated.
-This ended his dream of an
empire in America.
JEFFERSON BUYS LOUISIANA
-Monroe and Livingston
offered to buy New
Orleans from Charles
Talleyrand in 1802 during
negotiations in France.
-They were shocked when
the Frenchman told them
they could buy the entire
Louisiana Territory.
-Napoleon was at war again
with Great Britain and
needed money to buy
supplies and fund the war.
-He was hoping a larger, more
powerful America would
help challenge British
power.
French and British Flags
-They accepted immediately,
because it was such a great
bargain.
-The purchase price was
$15,000,000 for the entire
area.
-Jefferson was happy about
adding the land, but worried,
because he was a strict
constructionist.
828,000 square miles =
529,920,000 acres
-The Constitution did not mention
purchasing foreign lands.
Price came out to about THREE
cents per acre in 1803.
-Being in debt, he also did not
want to spend large amounts
$234 million in 2013 dollars, a
little less than 42 cents per acre. of public money, but did so,
because he believed it was in
Counting natural resources and
the best interest of America.
agricultural value the land is
-The Senate approved the deal on
worth about $500 per acre
October 20, 1803
or $300 billion.
This sparks a large debate:
Did the President have the right to purchase land if it
is not expressed in the US Constitution?
Jefferson used implied powers or loose construction to
justify his decision
“It was for the best interest of the nation. It is the case
of a guardian, investing the money of his ward in
purchasing an important adjacent territory; and
saying to him when of age, I did this for your good; I
pretend to no right to bind you; you may disavow me,
and I must get out of the scrape as I can: I thought it
my duty to risk myself for you.”
LP Constitutional ?
•Hamilton and the Federalists were
against the purchase
•Why?
• It could create a population shift
and take Federalist power away in
Congress
• They feared Jefferson’s vision of
an “agrarian society”
LP Constitutional ?
•This conflicted with Jefferson’s commitment to debt
reduction
• It facilitated the removal of eastern Native Americans by
providing land for their exile
• It promised fulfillment of his dream of an agrarian
society
LP Constitutional ?
This purchase
essentially DOUBLED
the size of America!