Transcript Car Sharing: Strategies for Sustainability January 8, 2008 American Planning Association Presentation Overview I. Intro to Car Sharing and I-GO II.

Car Sharing:
Strategies for Sustainability
January 8, 2008
American Planning
Association
Presentation Overview
I. Intro to Car Sharing and I-GO
II. Why is Car Sharing Important?
III. Results
IV. Car Sharing and Planning
V. The Future
What is Car Sharing?
• Fleets of neighborhood-based cars are
available to members at hourly rates
• Pricing includes insurance, gas, and
maintenance
• Computer-based reservation system
• Smart card self-service car access
• Trip starts and ends at dedicated
parking space
I-GO Program
• Non-profit, started by Center for
Neighborhood Technology in 2002
• 170 cars and growing
• 32 neighborhoods in Chicago and two
suburbs-committed to serving all
neighborhoods
• 7000+ individual members
• 100% low emission cars
• Serve individuals, businesses, government, five
universities, and a variety of organizations
Smart card entry
Members get where
they need to go..
“I-GO is great for visiting friends and family and it’s a lot
less expensive than owning a car. “
Members save money
The savings are
incredible. I love this
program so much it
is just the best thing
for personal,
environmental and
economical
purposes."
Cara Martin Howard and
family, members since
March 2005"
Car Sharing Industry Today
Car-sharing Vehicles
As of October 14, 2007
New York City
Boston
Washington D.C.
San Francisco
Seattle
Chicago
Toronto
Portland
London
Los Angeles
Vancouver
Philadelphia
Atlanta
San Diego
Pittsburgh
Columbus
Rochester
Phoenix
Baltimore
Gainsville
Santa Cruz
Ann Arbor
New Haven, CT
Milwaukee
Minneapolis
Williamstown, VA
Chapel Hill, NC
Providence, RI
Elon, NC
Amherst, MA
Northampton, MA
Worcester, MA
Middlebury, VT
Lewiston, ME
Zipcar
989
688
313
428
250
238
158
120
2
4
7
6
6
5
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
3,232
Flexcar
319
191
308
214
126
101
97
66
49
20
8
10
8
8
6
4
1,535
Total
989
688
632
619
308
250
238
214
158
126
120
101
97
66
51
20
12
10
8
8
7
6
6
6
5
4
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
4,767
Different Business
Models of Carsharing
• Extension of Public
Transit
• Environmental cars
• Serve all communities
• Local
• Less expensive
• Build community for
solving social
problems
• Extension of car rental
• Fun cars
• Young and Yuppie
Market
• International Chains
• Higher priced
• Build community to
increase return for
investors
Section II:
Why is Car Sharing
Important?
India
Beijing
Tokyo
USA
I am my car
How do we use valuable
real estate?
Climate Change
Science: The
Basics
Travel Matters: US
Transportation and
Global Emissions
US GHG Emissions From
Transportation Sector
Transportation 33% in US
Other 67%
Cars and light trucks emit 59% of
the CO2 in USA
Sprawl is Expensive
• In the green areas,
households own one less
car than the regional
average
• Saves $400 per
household per month
• Boosts disposable
income 10-12 % for
bottom two income
quintiles
Where We Build Matters:
Poor Locations Drive Up
Emissions and Costs
Section III
Results
I-GO Impacts on Travel
• Each car replaces 17 private cars
– Almost half of members sell or postpone purchasing a car
– 84% have no household vehicle now
• Biking, walking, and transit use increases
• Driving decreases dramatically, by 87%
• Less pollution and greenhouse gas
–
–
–
–
Replaced 3000 cars
7,823 metric tons of CO2
26 metric tons of NOx
18 metric tons of VOC’s
1:17 cars
As We Grow
When the
Number of
I-Go Cars is
1
1000
10,000
17
17,000
170,000
Annual VMT 0.190305
in Millions
190.35
190,350
VOCs in
Metric
Tons
0.157
157
157,000
NOx in
0.215
215
215,000
We Expect
Measured
Reduction
s in
Private
Vehicles
Mode Shift
Travel Mode Analysis
70%
Car/Truck/Van
Alone
Car w/ Other
Passengers
Transit
60%
50%
40%
Walk
30%
20%
Bicycle
10%
Taxi
0%
Other
Chicago Average:
2005 Work
I-GO Members:
Work/School
Section IV
Car Sharing and
Planning
TOD’s and Car Sharing
– Developer provides
parking spaces and
marketing for car sharing
program
– Great amenity for
residents
– Can be condos or rentals
– Can reduce total number
of required spaces
• Vancouver BC– 3 spaces
per project
Benefits for Development
•
•
•
•
Less parking demand
LEED credits in 3 categories
Amenity for residents and employers
Reduces local traffic & pollution
If parking requirements are
reduced:
•
•
•
•
Lower development costs
Lower housing prices
Site plan more flexible
More room for units, open space, &
amenities
LEED Points
• LEED New Construction
2.2
– Sustainable Sites: Alternative
Transportation, Alternative
Fueling Stations
– Alternative Transportation,
Parking Capacity
– Innovation Credit
• LEED ND
– Reducing parking demand
More I-GO cars
=
Fewer parking spaces
=
Cost savings + LEED +
flexibility
I-GO Developer
Program
• Developer commits parking and
marketing
• I-GO provides vehicles on 2 year
contract
• Reduce required
parking spaces
• Benefits of car sharing are
built in to land use and title
• City can potentially provide on
street spots at developments
On street parking
Leaders
•
•
•
•
•
Vancouver BC (3:1 ratio for car sharing)
San Francisco (requires car sharing)
Seattle, WA
Arlington County, VA
Berkeley, CA
* All have lower standard parking
requirements than Chicago
Parking Cash Out:
Large projects
• University of Chicago
– Provide free car sharing memberships to staff and
faculty who agree to forego a parking pass
– Subsidize transit pass
– Provide guaranteed ride home
Results of Implementation
• Lower development and housing costs
• Less local traffic, congestion, and emissions
• City captures long-term benefits by reducing
parking and increasing amenities
Fleet Programs
• I-GO Pilot
– Two cars at Lake
and Franklin
– Department
permission use
any car in fleet
Section V
The Future
One Car Share Car
per square block
• 112 cars per square mile
• 37 users per car
• 4144 users per square mile, 915,824 users
citywide
• Savings per user = 5,064 VMT/year
• Savings per user = 1.764 Metric Tons of
CO2 equivalent per year
• Total annual savings = 1.62 Million MT
Extensions of Car
Sharing
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
One way rentals
Bike sharing
Social networking
Ride sharing
Carpool/carshare
Mobility passes
Government/business fleet sharing
New types of vehicles
Rapid campus expansion
Thank You
• Contact: Sharon
Feigon, CEO
[email protected]
or
• 773 269-4028
• www.igocars.org