Transcript The Torah © John Stevenson, 2009 Torah Hebrew: “Law, Instruction” Pentateuch Greek: “Five-Part Book” Genesis Traces the origins of God’s people from creation to Egypt Exodus Relates God’s deliverance of Israel.

The Torah
© John Stevenson, 2009
Torah
Hebrew: “Law,
Instruction”
Pentateuch
Greek: “Five-Part
Book”
Genesis
Traces the origins of God’s
people from creation to Egypt
Exodus
Relates God’s deliverance of
Israel from Egypt and
establishing His covenant
Leviticus
Sets forth the Laws of worship
Numbers
Relates the wilderness
wanderings
Gives the Law to a new
generation with special
Deuteronomy emphasis to those entering the
land
Genesis
The Book of Beginnings
Genesis 1-11
Genesis 12-50
Events Predominant People Predominant
– Creation
– Fall
– Flood
– Tower of Babel
– Abraham
– Isaac
– Jacob
– Joseph
Race as a whole
Family of Abraham
Over 2000 years
250 years
Genesis 1:1-2
In the beginning God created the
heavens and the earth.
And the earth was unformed and
unfilled, and darkness was over the
surface of the deep; and the Spirit of
God was moving over the surface of
the waters.
Unformed
Unfilled
Day 1: Light
Day 4: Light-bearers
(sun, moon, stars)
Day 2: Water & sky
divided
Day 5: Fish & birds to
fill water & sky
Day 3: Dry land &
vegetation
Day 6: Land animals
& man
Day 7: Sabbath Rest
Why are there
two separate
accounts of
creation?
Genesis 1
Genesis 2
The heavens and the
earth are created in six
days.
Man in his cosmic
setting
Creation of the man
and woman (no time
element mentioned).
Man as central to
God’s purpose
Panorama of creation Detailed focus on one
as a whole
aspect of creation
Centers on God
Centers on man as the
creating the heavens crowning act of God’s
and the earth
creation
Creation complete: Heavens & earth created;
God finished His work (1-3)
Man created: Formed from dust (4-9)
Trees & Rivers in garden given names (9-14)
Creation complete: Heavens & earth created;
God finished His work (1-3)
Man created: Formed from dust (4-9)
Trees & Rivers in garden given names (9-14)
Man assigned task of guarding & keeping the
garden (15)
Forbidden fruit (16-17)
And the LORD God commanded the man,
saying, "From any tree of the garden you may eat
freely; 17 but from the tree of the knowledge of good
and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat
from it you shall surely die.“ (Genesis 2:16-17)
Creation complete: Heavens & earth created;
God finished His work (1-3)
Man created: Formed from dust (4-9)
Trees & Rivers in garden given names (9-14)
Man assigned task of guarding & keeping the
garden (15)
Forbidden fruit (16-17)
Man in need of a helper: not good to be alone
(18)
Animals in garden are given names (19-20)
Woman created: Formed from rib (21-24)
Creation complete: Man & woman naked &
unashamed in presence of God (25)
When the woman
saw that the tree was
good for food, and that it
was a delight to the eyes,
and that the tree was
desirable to make one
wise, she took from its
fruit and ate; and she
gave also to her husband
with her, and he ate.
(Genesis 3:6)
What are the
results from
their actions of
taking and
eating the
forbidden fruit?
And I will put enmity
between you and the
woman, and between
your seed and her seed;
He shall bruise you on
the head, and you shall
bruise him on the heel.
(Genesis 3:15)
Seed of the Serpent
Seed of the Woman
Cain & Abel
How is the Cain &
Abel narrative
related to the larger
story of Genesis?
Seed of the Serpent
Cain
Lamech
Literally,
“another SEED”
Seed of the Woman
Abel
And Adam had relations
with his wife again; and she
gave birth to a son, and
named him Seth, for, she
said, "God has appointed
me another offspring in
place of Abel; for Cain
killed him." (Genesis 4:25).
Seed of the Serpent
Cain
Seed of the Woman
Abel & Seth
Enoch
Lamech
Noah
Ham
Shem
Canaan
Abraham
Genesis 11:29-30
And Abram and Nahor took wives
for themselves. The name of Abram's
wife was Sarai; and the name of Nahor's
wife was Milcah, the daughter of Haran,
the father of Milcah and Iscah. 30 And
Sarai was barren; she had no child.
Genesis 12:1-2
Now the LORD said to Abram,
"Go forth from your country,
And from your relatives
And from your father's house,
To the land which I will show you;
2 And I will make you a great nation,
And I will bless you,
And make your name great;
And so you shall be a blessing;
1
Genesis 12:3
And I will bless those who bless you,
And the one who curses you I will
curse.
And in you all the families of the
earth shall be blessed.
Haran
●
And Abram took
Sarai his wife and
Lot his nephew…
…and they set out for ● Ur
the land of Canaan;
thus they came to
the land of Canaan.
(Genesis 12:5).
Genesis 12:7
And the LORD appeared to Abram
and said, "To your descendants I will give
this land." So he built an altar there to the
LORD who had appeared to him.
Literally,
“to your Seed”
Genesis 12:7
And the LORD appeared to Abram
and said, "To your descendants I will give
this land." So he built an altar there to the
LORD who had appeared to him.
• Lot, the Nephew of Abram
• Eliezer of Damascus
Then behold, the word of the LORD came to
him, saying, "This man will not be your heir; but
one who shall come forth from your own body,
he shall be your heir.“ (Genesis 15:4).
Genesis 15 &
The Covenant Ceremony
So He said to him, "Bring Me a
three year old heifer, and a three year
old female goat, and a three year old
ram, and a turtledove, and a young
pigeon."
Then he brought all these to Him
and cut them in two, and laid each
half opposite the other; but he did not
cut the birds. (Genesis 15:9-10).
10
Genesis 15 &
The Covenant Ceremony
And it came about when the
sun had set, that it was very dark,
and behold, there appeared a
smoking oven and a flaming torch
which passed between these
pieces.
On that day the LORD made
a covenant with Abram… (Genesis
15:17-18).
Quest for a Son
• Lot, the Nephew of Abram
• Eliezer of Damascus
• Ishmael
• Isaac – “Laughter”
Abram called to Faith: Promise of a Seed (12:1-9)
Sojourn in Egypt & Denial of Sarai (12:10-20)
• Lot separates from Abram (13)
War on Sodom; Rescue of Lot by Abram (14)
Covenant Ceremony; Animal sacrifice (15)
Ishmael born (16)
Covenant Sign; Circumcision (17)
Destruction of Sodom; Rescue of Lot by Angels
(18-19)
Sojourn in Gerar & Denial of Sarah (20)
• Ishmael separates from Abram (21)
Abraham’s Faith Tested: Blessing of the Seed (22)
Abraham’s
Test
And Abraham
called the name of
that place The
LORD Will
Provide, as it is
said to this day, "In
the mount of the
LORD it will be
provided.”
(Genesis 22:14).
Seed of the Serpent
Seed of the Woman
Abraham
Ishmael
Isaac
Esau
Jacob
Whose Seed
are You?
The Jacob Narrative
•
•
•
•
•
His name: “Heel-grabber”
The Birthright.
The Blessing.
Jacob’s Ladder.
Sojourn in Haran.

Haran
The Jacob Narrative
•
•
•
•
•
•
His name: “Heel-grabber”
The Birthright.
The Blessing.
Jacob’s Ladder.
Sojourn in Haran.
The Esau Incident
The Joseph Story
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
A problem of favoritism
Deception with garments and a goat
Departure from the land
Egypt in the days of Joseph
Joseph’s Imprisonment
Joseph’s Exaltation
Israel’s Entrance into Egypt
Genesis 50:20
And as for you, you meant
evil against me, but God meant it
for good in order to bring about
this present result, to preserve
many people alive.
Exodus - Deuteronomy
© John Stevenson, 2009
Genesis
Begins with all of
humanity in view
Exodus
Begins with all the
Israelites in view
Eventually focuses on Eventually focuses on
one man―Abraham one man―Moses and
and his family
his family
Abraham has two
Moses has two
siblings: Nahor &
siblings: Aaron &
Haran
Miriam
Abraham called to
Moses forced to leave
leave and travel to a and travel to a foreign
foreign land
land
Old Testament
EXODUS
New Testament
CROSS
Exodus
Exodus from Egypt: 10 Plagues
Giving of the Law: 10 Commandments
Building the Tabernacle: 10 Items
The Presence
of the Lord
“I Am”
Egypt
• The Nile River
Suspicions against Israelites
• Foreigners
• Shepherds
• Goshen
• Religious differences
The Early Career of Moses
• Birth & Infancy
• Education (Acts 7:22)
• The Decision of Moses (Acts
7:23; Hebrews 11:24-26)
• Murder (Exodus 2:11-12; Acts
7:25)
• Flight to Midian
EGYPT
MIDIAN
Exodus 7:2-3
“You shall speak all that I command
you, and your brother Aaron shall speak to
Pharaoh that he let the sons of Israel go out
of his land. 3 But I will harden Pharaoh's
heart that I may multiply My signs and My
wonders in the land of Egypt.
For Christ our Passover
also has been sacrificed
(1 Corinthians 5:7)
In what ways
does Jesus
fulfill the idea
of the
Passover?
Exodus 13:18
Hence God led the people around by
the way of the wilderness to the Red Sea;
and the sons of Israel went up in martial
array from the land of Egypt.
@Ws-~y:
“Yam Suph”
EGYPT
Succoth
●
● Etham
For Pharaoh will say
of the sons of Israel,
‘They are wandering
aimlessly in the land;
the wilderness has
shut them in.’”
(Exodus 14:3)
…he took six hundred select chariots, and
all the other chariots of Egypt with officers
over all of them (Exodus 14:7)
Exodus 14:21-22
Then Moses stretched out his hand
over the sea; and the LORD swept the sea
back by a strong east wind all night and
turned the sea into dry land, so the waters
were divided. 22 The sons of Israel went
through the midst of the sea on the dry land,
and the waters were like a wall to them on
their right hand and on their left.
Exodus 19:5-6
“Now then, if you will indeed
obey My voice and keep My covenant,
then you shall be My own possession
among all the peoples, for all the earth
is Mine; 6 and you shall be to Me a
kingdom of priests and a holy nation.”
These are the words that you shall
speak to the sons of Israel.
The Ten Commandments
• They are singular (“thou” instead of “ye”)
• They can be divided into two groups
– Those directed toward God
– Those directed toward men
The first four
The last six
commandments commandments
Deals with Israel’s
Deals with men’s
relationship with the relationship with one
Lord.
another.
Reasons given for
No reasons needed.
each command.
Completely unique to
These laws are
this constitution. No
common to most of
other society in the the ancient cultures of
ancient world had
that day.
similar laws.
The Ten Commandments
• They are singular (“thou” instead of “ye”)
• They can be divided into two groups
– Those directed toward God
– Those directed toward men
• The Stipulations that follow serve as
further interpretation of the Ten
Commandments
God meets Moses,
then Israel exits
from Egypt (1-13)
Israel rebels
(14-18)
Covenant Laws
& Commands
(19-24)
Tabernacle built
and God enters
(35-40)
Israel rebels
(32-34)
Commands for
building the
Tabernacle (25-31)
The cloud covered the
tent of meeting, and the
glory of the Lord filled
the tabernacle (Exodus
40:34)
Outline of Leviticus
Laws of the Offerings (1-7)
Laws of the Priests (8-10)
Laws of the Holiness (11-15)
Day of Atonement (16)
Laws of the Holiness (17-20)
Laws of the Priests (21-22)
Appointed Times (23-25)
Penalties and Vows (26-27)
If you walk in My statutes and keep
My commandments… (26:3)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
I will give you rain
The land will yield its produce
The trees of the field will bear fruit
You will eat your food to the full
I will grant you peace
You will chase your enemies
I will make you fruitful and multiply you
I will dwell with you
If you do not obey Me and carry out
all these commandments… (26:14)
• I will appoint over you a sudden terror,
consumption and fever
• You shall sow your seed uselessly
• You shall be struck down before your
enemies
• Those who hate you shall rule over you
• You shall flee when no one is pursuing
If, after these things, you do not
obey me… (26:18)
•
•
•
•
•
I will punish you seven times more
I will break down your pride of power
Your strength will be spent uselessly
Your land will not produce its produce
The trees of the land will not yield their
fruit
If, then you act with hostility toward
Me and are not willing… (26:21)
• I will increase the plague seven times
• I will let loose among you the beast of
the field
• They shall bereave you of your children
and destroy your cattle
If, by these things you are not
turned to Me… (26:23)
•
•
•
•
I will strike you seven times
I will bring upon you a sword
I will strike you with a pestilence
Your bread shall be rationed
If, in spite of this, you do not obey
Me… (26:27)
• I will punish you seven times more
• You shall eat the flesh of your sons and
daughters
• I will cut down your high places
• I will lay waste your cities
• I will make the land desolate
• I will scatter you among the nations
and you will perish among the nations
If they confess their iniquity or if
their uncircumcised heart becomes
humbled... (26:40-41)
•
•
•
•
I will remember My covenant
I will remember the land
I will not reject them to destroy them
I will remember for them the covenant
with their ancestors
1:1
10:10
10:11
14:45
15:1
21:41
22:1
36:13
Mount
Sinai
From Sinai Kadesh to The Plains
to Kadesh
Moab
of Moab
Preparation
for the
Journey
Wilderness
Wanderings
The Test
The Old Generation
End of the
Journey
The New
Generation
Several
Weeks
38 Years
Several
Months
Mount Sinai
Mount Hor
Mount Nebo
Kadesh
Barnea
EGYPT
MOAB
EDOM
Reuben
Gad
Mannaseh
Deuteronomy & the Suzerain
Treaties
•
•
•
•
The Preamble
The Historical Prologue
The Stipulations
Deposit and Reading of the
Covenant
• Witnesses
• Curses & Blessings
Deuteronomy 18:15-16
The LORD your God will raise
up for you a prophet like me from
among you, from your countrymen,
you shall listen to him. 16 This is
according to all that you asked of the
LORD your God in Horeb on the day
of the assembly, saying, “Let me not
hear again the voice of the LORD
my God, let me not see this great fire
anymore, or I will die.”
Deuteronomy 18:18-19
I will raise up a prophet from
among their countrymen like you,
and I will put My words in his mouth,
and he shall speak to them all that I
command him. 19 It shall come about
that whoever will not listen to My
words which he shall speak in My
name, I Myself will require it of him.
Deuteronomy 34:10-12
Since that time no prophet has
risen in Israel like Moses, whom the
LORD knew face to face, 11 for all
the signs and wonders which the
LORD sent him to perform in the
land of Egypt against Pharaoh, all
his servants, and all his land, 12 and
for all the mighty power and for all
the great terror which Moses
performed in the sight of all Israel.